Integrate

The projects selected for this publication show a range of approaches to making energy, carbon emissions, and their underpinning principles explicit in studio design work. We hope the selection not only inspires and stimulates, but also encourages both novice and expert in their search for future-proof architectures. Without a doubt, we are convinced that now is the time to challenge conventional norms and explore the potentials of such principles, not only to elevate design quality in building practice, but to benefit global society as a whole. Für dieses Buch wurden Arbeiten ausgewählt, die unterschiedliche Ansätze in der Umsetzung der Themen Energie, CO2-Emissionen und den dahinter liegenden Prinzipien im Entwurfsprozess thematisieren. Wir hoffen, dass die Arbeiten sowohl AnfängerInnen und ExpertInnen bei der Suche nach zukunftsfähigen Architekturen anregen und ermutigen. Zweifellos ist es an der Zeit, bestehende Ansätze zu hinterfragen und neue Prinzipien zu testen, die unter Berücksichtigung der gestalterischen Qualität das Potenzial haben, unserer Gesellschaft als Ganzes zugutezukommen.

THE DESIGN SYSTEM AND ITS FORMAL INFERENCE IN LOGO DESIGN

The communicative and cultural achievement is represented by an activity with adopted formulas confirmed by compliance and flexibility that enables it to keep pace with the creative path in the age of infomedia and contemporary digital publishing programs. The explanatory space, in its intellectual and technical forms, is based on logical foundations that work on creating latent patterns and patterns that enhance the purpose of its existence. And the system in art in general and design in particular represents a mechanism for arranging work vocabulary on the basis of principles that usually refer to a system that checks the state of damage between the design work vocabulary. The system stems from those defects embodied in expressive formats that are linked to concepts and ideas through the organization of different vocabulary within the workspace that have specific characteristics that reflect a particular idea and are linked to the specificity of the required utilitarian functional nature. The lesson of the system is not only to reach the relationships that exist between the vocabulary in their embodiment of the concrete form, but it lies on a much deeper level than that, which is the level of significance. Where the formal characteristics of the product of organizational relations reflect patterns that often express their environment or are the result of those organizations with semantic reading, and the difference in the nature of the formulation of these organizations comes from the effect of the overlap of several different factors (cultural, social, religious, civilizational, functional). The design thought derives its primary material through this overlap to start the system according to the rational methods in the drafting process. To evaluate things and this is the rule of logic. From here the researcher sees that the principle of the system and its relation to the degree of formulation of the form, and the extent of variation of this formulation is due to the mental readiness in the process of organization and innovation, to be a specific formal inference related to its basic function and its structural composition in the designs of logos, so the idea of research and formulation of the research problem came according to the following question: Is there a role for the design system in formal inference in logo design? The importance of the research was formulated through: -Informing those interested in the design issue, for the purposes of developing the mechanisms of their technical work. -To benefit scientific and research institutions, as well as the press, publishing houses, and advertising agencies. The aim of the research lies in: Knowing the role of the design system in formal inference in the design of logos, and defining the limits of research, which lies in the objective limit: the design system and formal inference in the design of logos Spatial limit: some Examples of global logos that enhance the current research, And the time limit for the designed logos from (2019-2021), and definitions of the following terms were defined: design system and formal inference.. Key words:

Methods for estimating the durability of the needle bearing of the piston head of the connecting rod of a transportation diesel

The article presents the results of an experimental study and analytical evaluation calculations to check service life and increase durability of the needle bearing of piston head of connecting rod of a transport diesel engine. The primary reasons for the violation of the nominal operation of the main units of this mechanism have been established. Corresponding recommendations are proposed for carrying out accelerated tests for durability, reducing the thermal loads of the bearing operation and, as a consequence, improving the quality and service life of its entire piston group. Theoretical and experimental methods for determining the nominal life of the needle bearing of the piston head of the connecting rod (PHCR) of a transport diesel engine are proposed. The theoretical methodology allows obtaining reliable values of durability, taking into account the distribution of the working load over the rolling elements, as well as the mobility of the piston pin and sleeve. The performed calculations make it possible to correct and clarify the standard mathematical model for determining the nominal life of the PHCR needle bearing, depending on the distribution of loads on the rolling elements (rollers) under different operating conditions. This experimental technique with an acceleration factor of 10 is based on a twofold increase in the force effect on the elements of the PHCR needle bearing. This was achieved by assembling the bearing using a special technology, which is described in detail in the work. A significant decrease in the thermal effect and a decrease in radial loads on working rollers have been established. For ensure the regular oil supply into bearing during engine operation, a technique was developed to increase the load on the roller in contact zone, which significantly influenced durability and made it possible to conduct accelerated tests with a reliable yield. Its results of operational research and experience in design work correlate and are sufficiently explained by the developed methods, which allows them to be used for the improvement and modernization of connecting rods with needle bearings in PHCR. That is a permission to use these methodic for doing perfect and modern the needle bearing of the connecting-rod piston. Keywords: diesel, test procedure, needle bearing, rollers, piston head of the connecting rod, durability.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain pada Pekerja Pembuat Batu Bata (cross sectional study)

Low back pain is one of the musculoskeletal disorders caused by repetitive movements and poor body activities. Almost 80% of the population has experienced low back pain in their life cycle. Low back pain is one of the most common complaints related to a job. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of low back pain in brick-making workers. This research method is a quantitative research using a cross sectional design. The population is 38 people with purposive sampling technique sampling. Bivariate analysis using Chi Square test. The results showed that from 38 workers there were 25 people who experienced low back pain. The results of the chi square test showed that there was a relationship between age and low back pain (p = 0.001) and there was a relationship between years of service and low back pain (p = 0.0001). It is recommended that workers always apply ergonomics principles in doing their work so as to reduce the level of risk of low back pain, for brick industry owners it is recommended to re-design work facilities and add mechanical aids to eliminate manual hazards, as well as suggestions for related agencies should make policies and supervision of problems in the informal sector, especially the brick industry.

WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT AS A PREDICTOR OF MENTAL HEALTH AMONG LOW-INCOME EARNERS IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC SECTOR

Low-income earners have always been identified as a group that encounter mental health issue due to interpersonal conflicts. As indicated by numerous studies across disciplines, work-family conflict is found to be one of the important predictors of mental health. However, studies on work-family conflict as predictor of mental health among low-income earners specifically in the Malaysia context remains scarce. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of work-to-family conflict dimensions (i.e., behavior-based conflict time-based conflict and strain-based conflict) on mental health dimensions (i.e., stress, anxiety and depression) among low-income earners working at public sectors. Quantitative and cross-sectional research design were utilized in this study. By using a convenience sampling technique, 265 respondents from eight Johor Local Authorities participated via online survey using Google Form. Data were gathered using demographic and socioeconomic status questionnaires, Work-family Conflict Scale (WFCS) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data preparation was conducted using SPSS Version 26.0 while inferential was performed through SmartPLS Version 3.0 structural equation modeling. This study found that strain-based conflict established significant positive influence on stress, anxiety and depression. Meanwhile, behavior-based conflict was found to significantly predict anxiety and depression only. The findings from this study provide insight to the organization, especially public sector to re-design work in order to enhance mental health well-being among the low-income earners.

Constructing a method for assessing the effectiveness of using protective barriers near highways to decrease the level of air pollution

Highways are an intensive source of environmental pollution. Atmospheric air is exposed to the fastest anthropogenic influence. Therefore, a particularly important task is to minimize the level of air pollution near the highway. An effective method for solving this problem is the use of protective barriers of various shapes installed near highways. At the stage of designing these protective structures, an important task arises to assess their effectiveness. Estimation of the effectiveness of protective barriers by the method of the physical experiment takes considerable time to set up and conduct an experiment, as well as analyze the results of physical modeling. This method is not always convenient during design work. An alternative method is the method of mathematical modeling. For the designer, it is very important to have mathematical models that make it possible to quickly obtain a predictive result and take into consideration a set of important factors on which the effectiveness of the protective barrier depends. A method has been devised that makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of using protective barriers to reduce the level of air pollution near the highway. It was found that an increase in barrier height by 80 % leads to a 22 % decrease in the concentration of impurities behind the barrier. It was established that applying a barrier with a height of 1.5 m leads to a 26 % decrease in the concentration of impurities in buildings adjacent to the highway. A method has been devised to assess the effectiveness of using absorbent "TX Active" surfaces on the protective barrier located near the highway. This study's result revealed that the application of a barrier with one "TX Active" surface leads to a decrease in the concentration of NO behind the barrier by an average of 43 %. When using a barrier with two "TX Active" surfaces, a decrease in the NO concentration behind the barrier is 85 % on average

Irkutsk school of mining engineers is celebrating 90th anniversary

It is in 1930 that the training of mining engineers began in Eastern Siberia on the basis of the Siberian Mining Institute (now Irkutsk National Research Technical University). In 1931 the Department of Mining Arts was organized, which later was named the Department of Mineral Deposits Development. Over the years, the Department has trained more than 7000 graduates – mining engineers, who made a huge contribution in the development of the mining industry in the Irkutsk region and neighboring territories including Mongolia. The Department has trained more than a hundred mining engineers and Masters of science for Mongolia; assisted the lecturers and professors of the Mongolian Polytechnic University (now Mongolian University of Science and Technology) in organizing the educational process for training specialists for the country's mining industry. At its different formation stages the Department of Mineral Deposits Development was headed by well-known scientists – mining engineers, who created three scientific schools for the development of coal, placer and gold deposits; the obtained scientific results were marked with two State awards of the Russian Federation, dozens of doctoral and candidate dissertations were defended and about 100 patents were received. Today, the Department super- vises the training of mining engineers in open-pit and underground mining of mineral deposits, carries out a large amount of research and design work on the orders from mining enterprises, trains academic staff, develops new technologies and technical solutions in order to improve mining operations. The Department is deeply involved in the cooperation with mining enterprises, research and design organizations, as well as with universities that train mining engineers.

Families’ engagement in making activities related to aerospace engineering: designing for parents as learning partners in pop-up makerspaces

Purpose The researchers conducted a collective case study to investigate how families engaged in making activities related to aerospace engineering in six pop-up makerspace programs held in libraries and one museum. The purpose of this paper is to support families’ engagement in design tasks and engineering thinking, three types of discussion prompts were used during each workshop. The orienting design conjecture was that discussion prompts would allow parents to lead productive conversations to support engineering-making activities. Design/methodology/approach Within a collective case study approach, 20 consented families (22 adults, 25 children) engaged in making practices related to making a lunar rover with a scientific instrument panel. Data included cases of families’ talk and actions, as documented through video (22 h) and photographs of their engineering designs. An interpretivist, qualitative video-based analysis was conducted by creating individual narrative accounts of each family (including transcript excerpts and images). Findings Parents used the question prompts in ways that were integral to supporting youths’ participation in the engineering activities. Children often did not answer the astronomer’s questions directly; instead, the parents revoiced the prompts before the children’s engagement. Family prompts supported reflecting upon prior experiences, defining the design problem and maintaining the activity flow. Originality/value Designing discussion prompts, within a broader project-based learning pedagogy, supports family engagement in engineering design practices in out-of-school pop-up makerspace settings. The work suggests that parents play a crucial role in engineering workshops for youths aged 5 to 10 years old by revoicing prompts to keep families’ design work and sensemaking talk (connecting prior and new ideas) flowing throughout a makerspace workshop.

VISUAL PROGRAMMING SYSTEMS FOR ASSESSING THE SURVABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS

The development of digital technologies serves as an important tool for solving urgent problems in the field of construction of new and reconstruction of existing real estate objects. The widespread introduction into practice of modern software systems that imply BIM technologies allows to avoid errors in the creation of design models of buildings and structures for the analysis of resistance to progressive collapse. This article examines the influence of the method of forming the design model on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the parameters of the stress-strain state of the bearing system. The research methods are based on comparing the analysis results and the established parameters of the stress-strain state of the design model of a multi-storey building made of monolithic reinforced concrete when comparing them with the results of experimental studies. It was found that the use of BIM-technologies, in particular, the system of the graphic editor of algorithms for constructing the design scheme of the building using the SAPFIR-3D software complex, when analyzing the resistance to the phenomena of progressive collapse, does not reduce the quality of the executed design model. Together with a decrease in labor intensity and the number of possible errors, the use of the described technology for the formation of a computational model will reduce the time required for the design work, which will reduce the time required to prepare the necessary documentation.

Website Layout Design of Kurnia Advertising as a Promotion Media in the City of Malang

Layout is the basic framework that must be built in a design work. In this Kurnia Advertising promotional website, the power of layout in displaying information is dominated by white which gives the impression of a clean and simple design. Other elements use dominant colors of yellow, black and orange which are intended to give a cheerful and elegant feel. Product photos and detailed product information are presented on the website to provide more complete information to users. The ease of accessing the website and complete information are the strengths of this website to attract consumers to be interested in buying services from Kurnia Advertising. Tests carried out by distributing google forms to measure the effectiveness of website design and content were carried out on 50 respondents. The test results show that the website is quite effective in providing information to users with a simple design. In addition, the development of a website that is used as a promotional medium aims to make it easier for users to get information through features and the addition of a complex but structured menu so that the information conveyed can be more optimal. Keywords: website, layout, promotion media, user interface