scholarly journals Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, a negative regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, in rheumatoid arthritis: Up-regulation by interleukin-1? and glucocorticoids

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 3118-3128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myew-Ling Toh ◽  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Michelle Leech ◽  
Lanie Santos ◽  
Eric F. Morand
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase: Conservation of a Three-Kinase Module From Yeast to Human

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN WIDMANN ◽  
SPENCER GIBSON ◽  
MATTHEW B. JARPE ◽  
GARY L. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases ◽  
Mapk Kinase ◽  
Mapk Pathways ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Sequential Activation

Widmann, Christian, Spencer Gibson, Matthew B. Jarpe, and Gary L. Johnson. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase: Conservation of a Three-Kinase Module From Yeast to Human. Physiol. Rev. 79: 143–180, 1999. — Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated by diverse stimuli ranging from cytokines, growth factors, neurotransmitters, hormones, cellular stress, and cell adherence. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are expressed in all eukaryotic cells. The basic assembly of MAPK pathways is a three-component module conserved from yeast to humans. The MAPK module includes three kinases that establish a sequential activation pathway comprising a MAPK kinase kinase (MKKK), MAPK kinase (MKK), and MAPK. Currently, there have been 14 MKKK, 7 MKK, and 12 MAPK identified in mammalian cells. The mammalian MAPK can be subdivided into five families: MAPKerk1/2, MAPKp38, MAPKjnk, MAPKerk3/4, and MAPKerk5. Each MAPK family has distinct biological functions. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, there are five MAPK pathways involved in mating, cell wall remodelling, nutrient deprivation, and responses to stress stimuli such as osmolarity changes. Component members of the yeast pathways have conserved counterparts in mammalian cells. The number of different MKKK in MAPK modules allows for the diversity of inputs capable of activating MAPK pathways. In this review, we define all known MAPK module kinases from yeast to humans, what is known about their regulation, defined MAPK substrates, and the function of MAPK in cell physiology.

Role of signaling pathway in biological cause of Rheumatoid arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Chauhan ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shikha Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Heart Blood

Abstract:: Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic progressive inflammatory auto-immune disease in which the immune system of the body attacks its cartilage and joints lining. It not only affects synovial joints but also many other sites including heart, blood vessels, and skins. It is more common in females than in males. The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not well established but the hypothesis reported in the literature is that in the development stage of the disease, both genetics and environmental factors can play an inciting role. Along with these factors alteration in the normal physiology of enzymatic action, acts as a trigger to develop this condition. Numerous signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis involves activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, kinases Janus family, P-38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Nuclear Factor-kappa B. Interleukin-1 to play a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in inflammation in RA. These are also associated with an increase in neutrophil, macrophage and lymphocytic chemotaxis, mast cell degranulation, activation, maturation and survival of T-cells and B-cells activated. These signaling pathways also show that p38α downregulation in myeloid cells exacerbates the severity of symptoms of arthritis. Thus, present review carters about the detail of different signaling pathways and their role in rheumatoid arthritis.

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase MKK3 Is Upstream of Group C Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Participates in Pathogen Signaling

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3266-3279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Dóczi ◽  
Günter Brader ◽  
Aladár Pettkó-Szandtner ◽  
Iva Rajh ◽  
Armin Djamei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Protein Kinase Kinase

Reciprocal modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 and 2 in failing human myocardium

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Communal ◽  
Wilson S. Colucci ◽  
Andrea Remondino ◽  
Douglas B. Sawyer ◽  
J.David Port ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Human Myocardium ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein
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