Sex differences in age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: Preliminary evidence from Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Bonney ◽  
Catherine Abbo ◽  
Collin Ogara ◽  
Michele E. Villalobos ◽  
Jed T. Elison
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis

Sex Differences in Age of Diagnosis and First Concern among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Christina G. McDonnell ◽  
Elizabeth A. DeLucia ◽  
Elizabeth P. Hayden ◽  
Melanie Penner ◽  
Kristina Curcin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies for Improving Adaptive Behavior and Motor Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1726
Author(s):  
Leonardo Zoccante ◽  
Michele Marconi ◽  
Marco Luigi Ciceri ◽  
Silvia Gagliardoni ◽  
Luigi Alberto Gozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Parental Distress ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Equine Assisted

Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) have been suggested to improve adaptive behavior, and possibly motor function, in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigated the effects of EAAT on adaptive behavior and motor function in 15 children with ASD (13 males) aged 7–15 years as well as the impact of EAAT on the magnitude of stress in the parent–child system and the evolution in the child interaction with both the trained therapist and the therapeutic animal through the 20 weekly sessions of EAAT. EAAT were associated with greater adaptive behavior and coordination (all p ≤ 0.01) as well as a progressive improvement in the child’s abilities to respond to the increasing complexity of such form of positive behavioral support (all p < 0.001). However, EAAT did not prove to be effective in reducing parental distress. Collectively, preliminary evidence presented here may have important public health implications and gives reason to hope that EAAT could possibly be an effective option in ASD, warranting further investigation of its potential benefits in clinical trials among larger samples.

scholarly journals Brain-based sex differences in autism spectrum disorder across the lifespan: A systematic review of structural MRI, fMRI, and DTI findings

2021 ◽  
pp. 102719
Author(s):  
Melissa J.M. Walsh ◽  
Gregory L. Wallace ◽  
Stephen M. Gallegos ◽  
B. Blair Braden
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Functional Connectivity Between Resting State Brain Networks in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Tavares ◽  
Luís Afonso Fernandes ◽  
Marília Antunes ◽  
Hugo Ferreira ◽  
Diana Prata
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Female Specific ◽  
Main Effects

AbstractFunctional brain connectivity (FBC) has previously been examined in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) between-resting-state networks (RSNs) using a highly sensitive and reproducible hypothesis-free approach. However, results have been inconsistent and sex differences have only recently been taken into consideration using this approach. We estimated main effects of diagnosis and sex and a diagnosis by sex interaction on between-RSNs FBC in 83 ASD (40 females/43 males) and 85 typically developing controls (TC; 43 females/42 males). We found increased connectivity between the default mode (DM) and (a) the executive control networks in ASD (vs. TC); (b) the cerebellum networks in males (vs. females); and (c) female-specific altered connectivity involving visual, language and basal ganglia (BG) networks in ASD—in suggestive compatibility with ASD cognitive and neuroscientific theories.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sex differences in preschool children with and without autism spectrum disorder enrolled in the study to explore early development

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 103897
Author(s):  
Lisa D. Wiggins ◽  
Eric Rubenstein ◽  
Gayle Windham ◽  
Brian Barger ◽  
Lisa Croen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Body Ownership in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Guerra ◽  
Andrea Spoto ◽  
Umberto Castiello ◽  
Valentina Parma
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Adults With Autism

scholarly journals Sex differences in brain structure: An autism twin study on restricted and repetitive behaviors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies van’t Westeinde ◽  
Élodie Cauvet ◽  
Roberto Toro ◽  
Ralf Kuja-Halkola ◽  
Janina Neufeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Restricted And Repetitive Behaviors

AbstractFemales with autism spectrum disorder have been reported to exhibit fewer and less severe restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests compared to males. This difference might indicate sex specific alterations of brain networks involved in autism symptom domains, especially within cortico-striatal and sensory integration networks. This study used a well-controlled twin design to examine sex differences in brain anatomy in relation to repetitive behaviors. In 75 twin pairs (n=150, 62 females, 88 males) enriched for autism spectrum disorder (n=32), and other neurodevelopmental disorders (n =32), we explored the association of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests – operationalized by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (C domain) and the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior subscale), with cortical volume, surface area and thickness of neocortical, sub-cortical and cerebellar networks. Cotwin control analyses revealed within-pair associations between RRBI symptoms and the right intraparietal sulcus and right orbital gyrus in females only. These findings endorse the importance of investigating sex differences in the neurobiology of autism symptoms, and indicate different etiological pathways underlying restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in females and males.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Salience Network Connectivity and its Relationship to Sensory Over‐Responsivity in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1489-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin K. Cummings ◽  
Katherine E. Lawrence ◽  
Leanna M. Hernandez ◽  
Emily T. Wood ◽  
Susan Y. Bookheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Salience Network
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