A systematic analysis of economic evaluation studies of second‐generation biorefineries providing chemicals by applying biotechnological processes

Many suggested policy interventions for childhood and adolescent obesity have costs and effects that fall outside the health care sector. These cross-sectorial costs and consequences have implications for how economic evaluation is applied and although previous systematic reviews have provided a summary of cost-effectiveness, very few have conducted a review of methods applied. We undertook this comprehensive review of economic evaluations, appraising the methods used, assessing the quality of the economic evaluations, and summarising cost-effectiveness. Nine electronic databases were searched for full-economic evaluation studies published between January 2001 and April 2017 with no language or country restrictions. 39 economic evaluation studies were reviewed and quality assessed. Almost all the studies were from Western countries and methods were found to vary by country, setting and type of intervention. The majority, particularly “behavioural and policy” preventive interventions, were cost-effective, even cost-saving. Only four interventions were not cost effective. This systematic review suggests that economic evaluation of obesity interventions is an expanding area of research. However, methodological heterogeneity makes evidence synthesis challenging. Whilst upstream interventions show promise, an expanded and consistent approach to evaluate cost-effectiveness is needed to capture health and non-health costs and consequences.

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Economic Evaluation Studies

CHEST Journal ◽

10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 158 (1) ◽

pp. S88-S96

Author(s):

Belinda L. Udeh

Keyword(s):

Economic Evaluation ◽

Evaluation Studies

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The Cost-Effectiveness of Mobile Health (mHealth) Interventions for Older Adults: Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17155290 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (15) ◽

pp. 5290

Author(s):

Zartashia Ghani ◽

Johan Jarl ◽

Johan Sanmartin Berglund ◽

Martin Andersson ◽

Peter Anderberg

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Economic Evaluation ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Evaluation Studies ◽

Health Economic Evaluation ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Economic Evaluations ◽

The Cost

The objective of this study was to critically assess and review empirical evidence on the cost-effectiveness of Mobile Health (mHealth) interventions for older adults. We systematically searched databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Literature (CINAHL) for peer-reviewed economic evaluations published in English from 2007 to 2018. We extracted data on methods and empirical evidence (costs, effects, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio) and assessed if this evidence supported the reported findings in terms of cost-effectiveness. The consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS) checklist was used to assess the reporting quality of the included studies. Eleven studies were identified and categorized into two groups: complex smartphone communication and simple text-based communication. Substantial heterogeneity among the studies in terms of methodological approaches and types of intervention was observed. The cost-effectiveness of complex smartphone communication interventions cannot be judged due to lack of information. Limited evidence of cost-effectiveness was found for interventions related to simple text-based communications. Comprehensive economic evaluation studies are warranted to assess the cost-effectiveness of mHealth interventions designed for older adults.

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Use of by-products of millet, amaranth and sorghum grains in bakery production

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20201700047 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 00047

Author(s):

A.V. Volkova ◽

A. V. Kazarina ◽

O. N. Antimonova ◽

Yu. Yu. Nikonorova ◽

E. A. Atakova

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Bakery Products ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Composite Mixture ◽

Biotechnological Processes ◽

Processed Products ◽

Cereal Industry ◽

Positive Effect

The use of additional gluten-free grain raw materials in the form of flour or secondary raw materials of cereal industry in the recipes of bakery products allows regulating the biotechnological processes of dough maturing and proofing, obtaining a finished product with new functional properties and high nutritional value. The purpose of the research is to justify experimentally the use of processed products of amaranth grain and sorghum for the production of bread of high quality and functionality. The methodological basis of the study is presented by a systematic analysis of the technology for the production of bakery products enriched with promising phyto-fortifiers. In accordance with the chosen methodology, the chemical composition is analyzed and the positive effect of the use of flour from millet grain, sorghum and amaranth seeds in the mixture with premium wheat flour on the quality of bread is experimentally justified. It was found that the introduction of these types of additional raw materials had a positive effect on the activation of baking yeast and the maturation of dough. In the production of bread from wheat flour of the highest grade, it is optimal to use these phyto-fortifiers in the amount of 3% by weight of the composite mixture.

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OP89 Using Economic Evidence To Set Priorities In Ghana: The Case Of Malaria

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462317001635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. 40-41

Author(s):

Rebecca Addo ◽

Jane Hall ◽

Stephen Goodall ◽

Marion Haas

Keyword(s):

Economic Evaluation ◽

Malaria Control ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Evaluation Studies ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Economic Evidence ◽

Control Policies ◽

International Agencies ◽

Effective Manner ◽

Economic Studies

INTRODUCTION:Malaria remains the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in Ghana. Since 1961, several malaria control strategies have been adopted, some of which were discontinued due to funding. In spite of the numerous malaria control strategies in place, its prevalence continues to rise. Priority setting using economic evidence has been proven to ensure efficient use of resources in a cost-effective manner (1). This study, therefore, sought to examine economic evaluation studies conducted on malaria in Ghana and their influence on malaria control policies.METHODS:A systematic search was conducted in databases including Medline and Embase to identify relevant Malaria economic evaluation studies conducted in Ghana up to December 2016. Malaria control policies formulated in Ghana over the years were also reviewed. The economic studies were examined alongside the policies to establish their influence on them.RESULTS:A total of eight studies were identified, all of which were conducted in response to a global directive on malaria control and funded by international agencies. All studies were cost-effective; five evaluating preventive measures and the remaining evaluating treatment. The studies used different methodological approaches, rendering the comparison between alternatives impossible.Most malaria control initiatives are funded by international agencies, hence its abandonment when funding ceases. Although the majority of economic studies addressed some of these policies, none of them directly influenced their adoption. These policies were rather influenced by global malaria control initiatives. Also, malaria chemoprophylaxis; demonstrated as cost-effective by three studies, is not on the Ghana malaria control policy (2,3).CONCLUSIONS:To ensure sustainability of malaria control strategies and subsequently reduce its prevalence, Ghana must invest financially into economic analysis for formulating and implementation of these policies. Also, the use of economic evidence by policy makers can be promoted, should researchers adopt a methodological guideline for its conduct that ensures comparability of results.

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