scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Sex‐Changing Fish Species in Marine Protected Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Easter ◽  
Mia S. Adreani ◽  
Scott L. Hamilton ◽  
Mark A. Steele ◽  
Stephen Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Protected Areas

The impact of marine protected areas on temporal stability of fish species diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Pettersen ◽  
Ezequiel M. Marzinelli ◽  
Peter Steinberg ◽  
Melinda A. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fish Species Diversity

scholarly journals eDNA metabarcoding as a biomonitoring tool for marine protected areas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Gold ◽  
Joshua Sprague ◽  
David J. Kushner ◽  
Erick Zerecero ◽  
Paul H. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Promising Alternative

AbstractMonitoring of marine protected areas (MPAs) is critical for marine ecosystem management, yet current protocols rely on SCUBA-based visual surveys that are costly and time consuming, limiting their scope and effectiveness. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a promising alternative for marine ecosystem monitoring, but more direct comparisons to visual surveys are needed to understand the strengths and limitations of each approach. This study compares fish communities inside and outside the Scorpion State Marine Reserve off Santa Cruz Island, CA using eDNA metabarcoding and underwater visual census surveys. Results from eDNA captured 76% (19/25) of fish species and 95% (19/20) of fish genera observed during pairwise underwater visual census. Species missed by eDNA were due to the inability of MiFish 12S barcodes to differentiate species of rockfishes (Sebastes, n=4) or low site occupancy rates of crevice-dwelling Lythrypnus gobies. However, eDNA detected an additional 30 fish species not recorded in paired visual surveys, but previously reported from prior visual surveys, highlighting the sensitivity of eDNA. Significant variation in eDNA signatures by location (50m) and site (~1000m) demonstrates the sensitivity of eDNA to address key questions such as community composition inside and outside MPAs. Interestingly, eDNA results recorded higher species richness outside the MPA while visual surveys observed the opposite pattern. This result is likely caused by swamping effects of high fish abundance in MPAs that reduce detection probabilities of pelagic and intertidal taxa. Results demonstrate the utility of eDNA metabarcoding for monitoring marine ecosystems, providing an important complementary tool to visual methods.

scholarly journals eDNA metabarcoding as a biomonitoring tool for marine protected areas

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0238557
Author(s):  
Zachary Gold ◽  
Joshua Sprague ◽  
David J. Kushner ◽  
Erick Zerecero Marin ◽  
Paul H. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Promising Alternative

Monitoring of marine protected areas (MPAs) is critical for marine ecosystem management, yet current protocols rely on SCUBA-based visual surveys that are costly and time consuming, limiting their scope and effectiveness. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a promising alternative for marine ecosystem monitoring, but more direct comparisons to visual surveys are needed to understand the strengths and limitations of each approach. This study compares fish communities inside and outside the Scorpion State Marine Reserve off Santa Cruz Island, CA using eDNA metabarcoding and underwater visual census surveys. Results from eDNA captured 76% (19/25) of fish species and 95% (19/20) of fish genera observed during pairwise underwater visual census. Species missed by eDNA were due to the inability of MiFish 12S barcodes to differentiate species of rockfishes (Sebastes, n = 4) or low site occupancy rates of crevice-dwelling Lythrypnus gobies. However, eDNA detected an additional 23 fish species not recorded in paired visual surveys, but previously reported from prior visual surveys, highlighting the sensitivity of eDNA. Significant variation in eDNA signatures by location (50 m) and site (~1000 m) demonstrates the sensitivity of eDNA to address key questions such as community composition inside and outside MPAs. Results demonstrate the utility of eDNA metabarcoding for monitoring marine ecosystems, providing an important complementary tool to visual methods.

scholarly journals The Use of Non-reef Habitats by Brazilian Reef Fish Species: Considerations for the Design of Marine Protected Areas

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Alves Vila-Nova ◽  
Mariana Gomes Bender ◽  
Alfredo Carvalho-Filho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Leite Ferreira ◽  
Sergio Ricardo Floeter
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Reef Fish Species

scholarly journals Interpreting Daly’s Sustainability Criteria for Assessing the Sustainability of Marine Protected Areas: A System Dynamics Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supradianto Nugroho ◽  
Takuro Uehara ◽  
Yori Herwangi
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Fish Population Dynamics ◽  
Marine Park

Sustainability assessments of marine protected areas (MPAs) are essential for improving the effectiveness of management efforts. Since sustainability is closely related to the concept of intergenerational well-being, measuring and tracking it through time is crucial. Therefore, this study will use the system dynamics approach applied at Pieh marine park as the study site. A system dynamics model was built comprising four sub-models: fish population dynamics, coral reef coverage, tourism, and pollution. The goodness-of-fit test of the model indicated low and unsystematic model error. The sustainability assessment was conducted using the three principles of sustainability proposed by Herman Daly, which define sustainability for resource management based on the change in the amount of renewable resources, non-renewable resources, and pollution. The sustainability assessment determined that Pieh marine park cannot sustain economic activities in its area, indicated by decreasing renewable resource indicators in the form of fish population dynamics, coral reef coverage, and increasing pollution levels. Several management interventions can be applied to improve sustainability, including lowering the total allowable catch, coral transplantation, and improved waste management.

Assessment of the effectiveness of South Africa's marine protected areas at representing ichthyofaunal communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOFÍA SOLANO-FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
COLIN G. ATTWOOD ◽  
RUSSELL CHALMERS ◽  
BARRY M. CLARK ◽  
PAUL D. COWLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
International Policies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Species Being

SUMMARYNational and international policies have encouraged the establishment of a representative network of marine protected areas (MPAs) in South Africa, with the aim of protecting marine biodiversity. The extent to which these marine and estuarine protected areas (EPAs) represent marine fish species and communities was assessed by comparing their species compositions with those of exploited areas, as sampled using four fishing techniques. Seven hundred fish species were sampled, representing one-third of South Africa's marine fishes. MPAs in coastal habitats scored c. 40% on the Bray-Curtis measure of similarity for species representativeness, but this score declined markedly for offshore ‘trawlable’ fishing grounds. The combined effects of sampling error, temporal variation and the effects of fishing on relative abundance suggest that 80% similarity would be the maximum achieveable. Forty-nine per cent of all fish species that were recorded were found in the 14 MPAs sampled. Redundancy in the MPA network was low, with fish species most commonly being represented in only one MPA or absent. There was greater redundancy in the 33 EPAs, with 40% of species being found in two or more EPAs, but many of these estuaries were adjacent to each other and embedded in large MPAs. Deep water fish communities (>80 m deep) and communities located on the west and south-east coasts of South Africa were most poorly represented by MPAs. Routine fishery surveys provide a robust and repeatable opportunity to assess species representativeness in MPAs, and the method used could form the basis of an operational definition of ‘representative’. In contrast to an assessment based on presence-absence data, this analysis of quantitative data presents a more pessimistic assessment of protection.

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