scholarly journals Chaperones for dancing on chromatin: Role of post‐translational modifications in dynamic damage detection hand‐offs during nucleotide excision repair

BioEssays ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2100011
Author(s):  
Bennett Van Houten ◽  
Brittani Schnable ◽  
Namrata Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Dynamic Damage

scholarly journals Nucleotide excision repair leaves a mark on chromatin: DNA damage detection in nucleosomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Apelt ◽  
Hannes Lans ◽  
Orlando D. Schärer ◽  
Martijn S. Luijsterburg
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Nucleosomal Dna ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins

AbstractGlobal genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) eliminates a broad spectrum of DNA lesions from genomic DNA. Genomic DNA is tightly wrapped around histones creating a barrier for DNA repair proteins to access DNA lesions buried in nucleosomal DNA. The DNA-damage sensors XPC and DDB2 recognize DNA lesions in nucleosomal DNA and initiate repair. The emerging view is that a tight interplay between XPC and DDB2 is regulated by post-translational modifications on the damage sensors themselves as well as on chromatin containing DNA lesions. The choreography between XPC and DDB2, their interconnection with post-translational modifications such as ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, methylation, poly(ADP-ribos)ylation, acetylation, and the functional links with chromatin remodelling activities regulate not only the initial recognition of DNA lesions in nucleosomes, but also the downstream recruitment and necessary displacement of GG-NER factors as repair progresses. In this review, we highlight how nucleotide excision repair leaves a mark on chromatin to enable DNA damage detection in nucleosomes.

scholarly journals The role of nucleotide excision repair in protecting embryonic stem cells from genotoxic effects of UV-induced DNA damage

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 3276-3282 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. H. Van Sloun ◽  
J. G. Jansen ◽  
G. Weeda ◽  
L. H. F. Mullenders ◽  
A. A. van Zeeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

scholarly journals Nucleotide Excision Repair Protein Rad23 Regulates Cell Virulence Independent of Rad4 in Candida albicans

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Feng ◽  
Shuangyan Yao ◽  
Yansong Dong ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Malcolm Whiteway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virulence Regulation ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response

ABSTRACT In the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, the DNA damage response contributes to pathogenicity by regulating cell morphology transitions and maintaining survival in response to DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in host cells. However, the function of nucleotide excision repair (NER) in C. albicans has not been extensively investigated. To better understand the DNA damage response and its role in virulence, we studied the function of the Rad23 nucleotide excision repair protein in detail. The RAD23 deletion strain and overexpression strain both exhibit UV sensitivity, confirming the critical role of RAD23 in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. Genetic interaction assays revealed that the role of RAD23 in the UV response relies on RAD4 but is independent of RAD53, MMS22, and RAD18. RAD4 and RAD23 have similar roles in regulating cell morphogenesis and biofilm formation; however, only RAD23, but not RAD4, plays a negative role in virulence regulation in a mouse model. We found that the RAD23 deletion strain showed decreased survival in a Candida-macrophage interaction assay. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) data further revealed that RAD23, but not RAD4, regulates the transcription of a virulence factor, SUN41, suggesting a unique role of RAD23 in virulence regulation. Taking these observations together, our work reveals that the RAD23-related nucleotide excision pathway plays a critical role in the UV response but may not play a direct role in virulence. The virulence-related role of RAD23 may rely on the regulation of several virulence factors, which may give us further understanding about the linkage between DNA damage repair and virulence regulation in C. albicans. IMPORTANCE Candida albicans remains a significant threat to the lives of immunocompromised people. An understanding of the virulence and infection ability of C. albicans cells in the mammalian host may help with clinical treatment and drug discovery. The DNA damage response pathway is closely related to morphology regulation and virulence, as well as the ability to survive in host cells. In this study, we checked the role of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, the key repair system that functions to remove a large variety of DNA lesions such as those caused by UV light, but whose function has not been well studied in C. albicans. We found that Rad23, but not Rad4, plays a role in virulence that appears independent of the function of the NER pathway. Our research revealed that the NER pathway represented by Rad4/Rad23 may not play a direct role in virulence but that Rad23 may play a unique role in regulating the transcription of virulence genes that may contribute to the virulence of C. albicans.

scholarly journals Variation in PAH-related DNA adduct levels among non-smokers: The role of multiple genetic polymorphisms and nucleotide excision repair phenotype

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
pp. 2738-2747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Etemadi ◽  
Farhad Islami ◽  
David H. Phillips ◽  
Roger Godschalk ◽  
Asieh Golozar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Adduct ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

CHAPTER 11. The Role of Chromatin and Chromatin-modifying Enzymes in Regulating Nucleotide Excision Repair

2021 ◽  
pp. 252-270
Author(s):  
Kathiresan Selvam ◽  
Dalton A. Plummer ◽  
Kaitlynne A. Bohm ◽  
John J. Wyrick
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

scholarly journals Emerging Roles of Post-Translational Modifications in Nucleotide Excision Repair

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara N. Borsos ◽  
Hajnalka Majoros ◽  
Tibor Pankotai
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Genome Integrity ◽  
Repair Pathway ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a versatile DNA repair pathway which can be activated in response to a broad spectrum of UV-induced DNA damage, such as bulky adducts, including cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6–4 photoproducts (6–4PPs). Based on the genomic position of the lesion, two sub-pathways can be defined: (I) global genomic NER (GG-NER), involved in the ablation of damage throughout the whole genome regardless of the transcription activity of the damaged DNA locus, and (II) transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER), activated at DNA regions where RNAPII-mediated transcription takes place. These processes are tightly regulated by coordinated mechanisms, including post-translational modifications (PTMs). The fine-tuning modulation of the balance between the proteins, responsible for PTMs, is essential to maintain genome integrity and to prevent tumorigenesis. In this review, apart from the other substantial PTMs (SUMOylation, PARylation) related to NER, we principally focus on reversible ubiquitylation, which involves E3 ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitylase (DUB) enzymes responsible for the spatiotemporally precise regulation of NER.

scholarly journals Versatile DNA damage detection by the global genome nucleotide excision repair protein XPC

2008 ◽  
Vol 121 (17) ◽  
pp. 2850-2859 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hoogstraten ◽  
S. Bergink ◽  
J. M. Y. Ng ◽  
V. H. M. Verbiest ◽  
M. S. Luijsterburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Repair Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair Protein

scholarly journals The Role of ATP Binding and Hydrolysis by UvrB during Nucleotide Excision Repair

2000 ◽  
Vol 275 (11) ◽  
pp. 8044-8050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geri F. Moolenaar ◽  
M. Flor Pen̆a Herron ◽  
Vania Monaco ◽  
Gijs A. van der Marel ◽  
Jaques H. van Boom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Atp Binding And Hydrolysis
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