Uses of vaccinia virus as a vector for the production of live recombinant vaccines

BioEssays ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey L. Smith ◽  
Bernard Moss
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines

The use of vaccinia virus for the construction of recombinant vaccines

BioEssays ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Piccini ◽  
Enzo Paoletti
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines

Vaccinia virus: a suitable vehicle for recombinant vaccines?

1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines

scholarly journals Vaccinia virus-based vaccines confer protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Syrian hamsters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kulkarni ◽  
Wen-Ching Chen ◽  
Ying Lee ◽  
Chi-Fei Kao ◽  
Shiu-Lok Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

COVID-19 in humans is caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that belongs to the beta family of coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 causes severe respiratory illness in 10-15% of infected individuals and mortality in 2-3%. Vaccines are urgently needed to prevent infection and to contain viral spread. Although several mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccines are highly effective, their dependence on the cold chain transportation makes global vaccination a difficult task. In this context, a stable lyophilized vaccine may present certain advantages. Accordingly, establishing additional vaccine platforms remains vital to tackle SARS-CoV-2 and any future variants that may arise. Vaccinia virus (VACV) has been used to eradicate smallpox disease, and several attenuated viral strains with enhanced safety for human applications have been developed. We have generated two candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on two vaccinia viral strains, MVA and v-NY, that express full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Whereas MVA is growth-restricted in mammalian cells, the v-NY strain is replication-competent. We demonstrate that both candidate recombinant vaccines induce high titers of neutralizing antibodies in C57BL/6 mice vaccinated according to prime-boost regimens. Furthermore, our vaccination regimens generated TH1-biased immune responses in mice. Most importantly, prime-boost vaccination of a Syrian hamster infection model with MVA-S and v-NY-S protected the hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 infection, supporting that these two vaccines are promising candidates for future development. Finally, our vaccination regimens generated neutralizing antibodies that partially cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Expressing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Gag-Pol and/or Env in Macaques Challenged with Pathogenic SIV

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 2740-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilnour Ourmanov ◽  
Charles R. Brown ◽  
Bernard Moss ◽  
Miles Carroll ◽  
Linda Wyatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines ◽  
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Virus Suppression

ABSTRACT Prior studies demonstrated that immunization of macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag-Pol and Env recombinants of the attenuated poxvirus modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) provided protection from high levels of viremia and AIDS following challenge with a pathogenic strain of SIV (V. M. Hirsch et al., J. Virol. 70:3741–3752, 1996). This MVA-SIV recombinant expressed relatively low levels of the Gag-Pol portion of the vaccine. To optimize protection, second-generation recombinant MVAs that expressed high levels of either Gag-Pol (MVA-gag-pol) or Env (MVA-env), alone or in combination (MVA-gag-pol-env), were generated. A cohort of 24 macaques was immunized with recombinant or nonrecombinant MVA (four groups of six animals) and was challenged with 50 times the dose at which 50% of macaques are infected with uncloned pathogenic SIVsmE660. Although all animals became infected postchallenge, plasma viremia was significantly reduced in animals that received the MVA-SIV recombinant vaccines as compared with animals that received nonrecombinant MVA (P = 0.0011 by repeated-measures analysis of variance). The differences in the degree of virus suppression achieved by the three MVA-SIV vaccines were not significant. Most importantly, the reduction in levels of viremia resulted in a significant increase in median (P < 0.05 by Student's t test) and cumulative (P = 0.010 by log rank test) survival. These results suggest that recombinant MVA has considerable potential as a vaccine vector for human AIDS.

scholarly journals Vaccinia virus-based vaccines confer protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Syrian hamsters

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257191
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kulkarni ◽  
Wen-Ching Chen ◽  
Ying Lee ◽  
Chi-Fei Kao ◽  
Shiu-Lok Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

COVID-19 in humans is caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that belongs to the beta family of coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 causes severe respiratory illness in 10–15% of infected individuals and mortality in 2–3%. Vaccines are urgently needed to prevent infection and to contain viral spread. Although several mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccines are highly effective, their dependence on the “cold chain” transportation makes global vaccination a difficult task. In this context, a stable lyophilized vaccine may present certain advantages. Accordingly, establishing additional vaccine platforms remains vital to tackle SARS-CoV-2 and any future variants that may arise. Vaccinia virus (VACV) has been used to eradicate smallpox disease, and several attenuated viral strains with enhanced safety for human applications have been developed. We have generated two candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on two vaccinia viral strains, MVA and v-NY, that express full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Whereas MVA is growth-restricted in mammalian cells, the v-NY strain is replication-competent. We demonstrate that both candidate recombinant vaccines induce high titers of neutralizing antibodies in C57BL/6 mice vaccinated according to prime-boost regimens. Furthermore, our vaccination regimens generated TH1-biased immune responses in mice. Most importantly, prime-boost vaccination of a Syrian hamster infection model with MVA-S and v-NY-S protected the hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 infection, supporting that these two vaccines are promising candidates for future development. Finally, our vaccination regimens generated neutralizing antibodies that partially cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.

scholarly journals Vaccinia virus vectors: new strategies for producing recombinant vaccines.

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Hruby
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Genomic Context ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
New Strategies

The development and continued refinement of techniques for the efficient insertion and expression of heterologous DNA sequences from within the genomic context of infectious vaccinia virus recombinants are among the most promising current approaches towards effective immunoprophylaxis against a variety of protozoan, viral, and bacterial human pathogens. Because of its medical relevance, this area is the subject of intense research interest and has evolved rapidly during the past several years. This review (i) provides an updated overview of the technology that exists for assembling recombinant vaccinia virus strains, (ii) discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, (iii) outlines the areas of outgoing research directed towards overcoming the limitations of current techniques, and (iv) provides some insight (i.e., speculation) about probable future refinements in the use of vaccinia virus as a vector.

Live recombinant vaccines using genetically engineered vaccinia virus

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Paoletti ◽  
Marion E. Perkus ◽  
Antonia Piccini
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document