Pinusponderosa Laws. foliage from a relatively nonpolluted area (SO2 ≤ 5.2 μg/m3, annual average) was compared with foliage from a more polluted area (75 μg/m3, annual maximum average) over a 6-year period. Total sulfur and fluoride concentrations, frequencies of basal needle injury and healthy needles, and percent needle surface area affected (chlorotic and necrotic) classified as tip necrosis, mottle, and total necrosis were substantially higher at the polluted site and were judged to be sensitive characteristics. Two years following study inception, the first 700 MW of a planned 2100-MW coal-fired electric generating facility began operating in the nonpolluted area. No consistent changes were noted in the foliar characteristics measured in the nonpolluted area since power-plant start-up, and it is concluded that the facility's emissions did not measurably impact the pine ecosystem during the early years of operation.
Clear-Cut Terms and Culture-Sensitive Characteristics of Distinctive Casual Sexual Relationships in Portuguese Emerging Adults