The longitudinal relationship between set‐shifting at 4 years of age and eating disorder related features at 9 years of age in the general pediatric population

Background: Difficulties with comprehending and managing emotions are core features of the pathology of anorexia nervosa (AN). Advancements in understanding aetiology and treatment have been made within other clinical domains by targeting worry and rumination. However, worry and rumination have been given minimal consideration in AN. Aims: This study is the largest to date of worry and rumination in AN. Method: Sixty-two outpatients with a diagnosis of AN took part. Measures of worry, rumination, core AN pathology and neuropsychological correlates were administered. Results: Findings suggest that worry and rumination are elevated in AN patients compared with both healthy controls and anxiety disorder comparison groups. Regression analyses indicated that worry and rumination were significant predictors of eating disorder symptomatology, over and above the effects of anxiety and depression. Worry and rumination were not associated with neuropsychological measures of set-shifting and focus on detail. Conclusions: The data suggest that worry and rumination are major concerns for this group and warrant further study.

Download Full-text

Decision making, central coherence and set-shifting: a comparison between Binge Eating Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa and Healthy Controls

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-015-0395-z ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Matteo Aloi ◽

Marianna Rania ◽

Mariarita Caroleo ◽

Antonella Bruni ◽

Antonella Palmieri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Binge Eating Disorder ◽

Central Coherence ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Set Shifting

Download Full-text

Set-shifting abilities, mood and loss of control over eating in binge eating disorder: An experimental study

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 230 (2) ◽

pp. 242-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Alexandra E. Dingemans ◽

Hiske Visser ◽

Linda Paul ◽

Eric F. van Furth

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Binge Eating Disorder ◽

Loss Of Control ◽

Set Shifting

Download Full-text

A systematic review and meta-analysis of set-shifting ability in eating disorders

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291707009877 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (8) ◽

pp. 1075-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 316

Author(s):

MARION E. ROBERTS ◽

KATE TCHANTURIA ◽

DANIEL STAHL ◽

LAURA SOUTHGATE ◽

JANET TREASURE

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Wisconsin Card Sort Test ◽

Set Shifting ◽

Standardized Effect Sizes ◽

Neuropsychological Tasks

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim was to critically appraise and synthesize the literature relating to set-shifting ability in eating disorders. PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched to December 2005. Hand searching of eating-disorder journals and relevant reference sections was also undertaken.MethodThe 15 selected studies contained both eating disorder and healthy control groups, and employed at least one of the following six neuropsychological measures of set-shifting ability; Trail Making Test (TMT), Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST), Brixton task, Haptic Illusion, CatBat task, or the set-shifting subset of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The outcome variable was performance on the set-shifting aspect of the task. Pooled standardized mean differences (effect sizes) were calculated.ResultsTMT, WCST, CatBat and Haptic tasks had sufficient sample sizes for meta-analysis. These four tasks yielded acceptable pooled standardized effect sizes (0·36; TMT −1·05; Haptic) with moderate variation within studies (as measured by confidence intervals). The Brixton task showed a small pooled mean difference, and displayed more variation between sample results. The effect size for CANTAB set shifting was 0·17.ConclusionProblems in set shifting as measured by a variety of neuropsychological tasks are present in people with eating disorders.

Download Full-text

Use of Vestibular Rehabilitation in the Pediatric Population

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_pers-sig7-2019-0002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 1399-1405 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jennifer Christy

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽

Rehabilitation Program ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gaze Stabilization ◽

Motor Delay ◽

Rehabilitation Programs ◽

Motor Practice ◽

Balance Exercises

Purpose The purpose of this article was to provide a perspective on vestibular rehabilitation for children. Conclusion The developing child with vestibular dysfunction may present with a progressive gross motor delay, sensory disorganization for postural control, gaze instability, and poor perception of motion and verticality. It is important that vestibular-related impairments be identified early in infancy or childhood so that evidence-based interventions can be initiated. A focused and custom vestibular rehabilitation program can improve vestibular-related impairments, enabling participation. Depending on the child's age, diagnosis, severity, and quality of impairments, vestibular rehabilitation programs may consist of gaze stabilization exercises, static and dynamic balance exercises, gross motor practice, and/or habituation exercises. Exercises must be modified for children, done daily at home, and incorporated into the daily life situation.

Download Full-text

Passy-Muir Speaking Valve Use in a Children's Hospital: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders ◽

10.1044/vvd18.2.76 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 76-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lauren Hofmann ◽

Joseph Bolton ◽

Susan Ferry

Keyword(s):

Tracheostomy Tube ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Extended Period ◽

Speech Development ◽

Tube Placement ◽

Background Information ◽

Speaking Valve ◽

Children's Hospital ◽

Children’S Hospital

Abstract At The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) we treat many children requiring tracheostomy tube placement. With potential for a tracheostomy tube to be in place for an extended period of time, these children may be at risk for long-term disruption to normal speech development. As such, speaking valves that restore more normal phonation are often key tools in the effort to restore speech and promote more typical language development in this population. However, successful use of speaking valves is frequently more challenging with infant and pediatric patients than with adult patients. The purpose of this article is to review background information related to speaking valves, the indications for one-way valve use, criteria for candidacy, and the benefits of using speaking valves in the pediatric population. This review will emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration from the perspectives of speech-language pathology and respiratory therapy. Along with the background information, we will present current practices and a case study to illustrate a safe and systematic approach to speaking valve implementation based upon our experiences.

Download Full-text