Worry and Rumination in Anorexia Nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Startup ◽  
Anna Lavender ◽  
Anna Oldershaw ◽  
Richard Stott ◽  
Kate Tchanturia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Core Features

Background: Difficulties with comprehending and managing emotions are core features of the pathology of anorexia nervosa (AN). Advancements in understanding aetiology and treatment have been made within other clinical domains by targeting worry and rumination. However, worry and rumination have been given minimal consideration in AN. Aims: This study is the largest to date of worry and rumination in AN. Method: Sixty-two outpatients with a diagnosis of AN took part. Measures of worry, rumination, core AN pathology and neuropsychological correlates were administered. Results: Findings suggest that worry and rumination are elevated in AN patients compared with both healthy controls and anxiety disorder comparison groups. Regression analyses indicated that worry and rumination were significant predictors of eating disorder symptomatology, over and above the effects of anxiety and depression. Worry and rumination were not associated with neuropsychological measures of set-shifting and focus on detail. Conclusions: The data suggest that worry and rumination are major concerns for this group and warrant further study.

scholarly journals Decision making, central coherence and set-shifting: a comparison between Binge Eating Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa and Healthy Controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Aloi ◽  
Marianna Rania ◽  
Mariarita Caroleo ◽  
Antonella Bruni ◽  
Antonella Palmieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Central Coherence ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Set Shifting

The links between body dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rabe-Jablonska Jolanta ◽  
M. Sobow Tomasz
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls

SummaryThe aim of the study was to search for a body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) period preceding the symptoms meeting the criteria of either anorexia or bulimia nervosa, and an evaluation of the prevalence of BDD symptoms in a control group of girls without any eating disorder. Ninety-three girls (12–21 years old) were included in the study (36 with anorexia nervosa, 17 with bulimia nervosa and 40 healthy controls). The Structured Clinical Interview (SCID), including the BDD module, and a novel questionnaire (for the presence of preceding life events) were used. We found the symptoms of BDD in 25% of anorexia nervosa sufferers for at least six months before observing a clear eating disorder picture. Moreover, other mental disorders were also present among these patients. The results may support the idea that BDD and anorexia nervosa both belong to either OCD or affective disorders spectra.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Anxiety and Depression in Youth With Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia J Scott ◽  
Louise Sharpe ◽  
Max Loomes ◽  
Milena Gandy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an estimate of the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in youth with epilepsy (YWE). It also aimed to calculate the overall magnitude of observed differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms reported by YWE compared with healthy controls and investigate whether any factors moderated anxiety and depression outcomes in YWE. Methods Following prospective registration, electronic databases were searched up until October 2018. Studies were included if they reported on the rate of anxiety or depression in samples of YWE, and/or if they used valid measures of anxious or depressive symptomatology in YWE compared with a healthy control sample. Results Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of anxiety disorders in YWE was 18.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.0%–28.5%), and for depression the pooled prevalence was 13.5% (95% CI 8.8%–20.2%). In samples of YWE compared with healthy controls, significantly higher anxiety (d = 0.57, 95% CI 0.32–0.83, p < .000) and depressive (d = 0.42, 95% CI 0.16–0.68, p < .000) symptomatology was reported. Conclusions YWE report anxiety and depressive disorders and symptoms to a significantly higher degree than youth without epilepsy. There is also evidence that certain anxiety disorders (e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder) are particularly elevated, perhaps reflecting the unique impact of epilepsy on youth psychopathology. Research is needed to understand the risk factors associated with anxiety and depressive disorders in epilepsy, and better understand how these symptoms change across development.

Set-shifting abilities, central coherence, and handedness in anorexia nervosa patients, their unaffected siblings and healthy controls: Exploring putative endophenotypes

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tenconi ◽  
Paolo Santonastaso ◽  
Daniela Degortes ◽  
Romina Bosello ◽  
Francesca Titton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Central Coherence ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Set Shifting

Conflict between mothers with eating disorders and their infants during mealtimes

1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Stein ◽  
Helen Woolley ◽  
Klim McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Responsive Parenting ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Maternal Responses ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundIn a recent study, 20% of the variance in the weight of infants of mothers with eating disorders was accounted for by mealtime conflict.AimsTo investigate the antecedents and interactive processes involved in the development of such conflict.MethodMothers with eating disorders and their 12-month-old infants (n=34) and a comparison group (n=24) were videotaped during infant mealtimes. Specific classes of antecedents to conflict episodes were identified. An examination was then made of all such antecedents not leading to conflict and the mother–infant responses to each antecedent.ResultsWithin the index group, conflict was less likely when mothers acknowledged infants' cues and were able to put aside their own concerns. The relationship between maternal responses and the evolution of conflictual interaction was confirmed in multiple regression analyses including both index and comparison groups.ConclusionsMothers' and infants' responses to potential antecedents to conflict had an impact on whether mealtime conflict ensued. Conflict arose because maternal eating disorder psychopathology interfered with aspects of responsive parenting.

scholarly journals Therapist written goodbye letters: evidence for therapeutic benefits in the treatment of anorexia nervosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-431
Author(s):  
Jess Simmonds ◽  
Karina L. Allen ◽  
Caitlin B. O’Hara ◽  
Savani Bartholdy ◽  
Beth Renwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Rating Scheme

AbstractBackground:Despite their use in clinical practice, there is little evidence to support the use of therapist written goodbye letters as therapeutic tools. However, preliminary evidence suggests that goodbye letters may have benefits in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN).Aims:This study aimed to examine whether therapist written goodbye letters were associated with improvements in body mass index (BMI) and eating disorder symptomology in patients with AN after treatment.Method:Participants were adults with AN (n = 41) who received The Maudsley Model of Anorexia Treatment for Adults (MANTRA) in a clinical trial evaluating two AN out-patient treatments. As part of MANTRA, therapists wrote goodbye letters to patients. A rating scheme was developed to rate letters for structure and quality. Linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between goodbye letter scores and outcomes after treatment.Results:Higher quality letters and letters that adopted a more affirming stance were associated with greater improvements in BMI at 12 months. Neither the overall quality nor the style of goodbye letters were associated with improvements in BMI at 24 months or reductions in eating disorder symptomology at either 12 or 24 months.Conclusions:The results highlight the potential importance of paying attention to the overall quality of therapist written goodbye letters in the treatment of AN, and adopting an affirming stance.

scholarly journals Eating Disorder Severity and Psychological Morbidity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa or Atypical Anorexia Nervosa and Premorbid Overweight/Obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Matthews ◽  
Rachel A. Kramer ◽  
Laurie Mitan
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa

Abstract PurposeA significant proportion of adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) experience premorbid overweight/obesity, yet distinct characteristics among this subset of patients remain unclear. This study examined eating disorder (ED) symptom severity, psychological morbidity, and weight stigma in patients with premorbid overweight/obesity as compared to patients with premorbid normal weights.MethodsParticipants included adolescents with AN or AAN (aged 12-18) who received multidisciplinary treatment at a pediatric medical center in the United States. ED symptoms, anxiety, and depression were compared among patients with premorbid overweight/obesity (n = 43) and premorbid normal weights (n = 63). Associations between weight stigma, ED severity, and psychological morbidity were also examined. ResultsPatients with premorbid overweight/obesity reported greater ED severity (p = .04), anxiety (p < .003), depression (p = .02), and a higher frequency of weight-based teasing by peers (p = .003) and parent weight talk about their own weights (p < .001). Weight-based teasing was positively associated with ED symptoms, anxiety, and depression for all patients, regardless of premorbid weight status.ConclusionsAdolescents with AN or AAN and a history of overweight/obesity may present with greater ED symptom severity and psychological morbidity than patients with normal weight histories. Distinct prevention and treatment interventions for adolescents with AN or AAN and premorbid overweight/obesity may be warranted. Level of EvidenceLevel III, case-control analytic study

The French Version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) in a Nonclinical Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Bouvard ◽  
Anne Denis ◽  
Jean-Luc Roulin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
French Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This article investigates the psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). A group of 704 adolescents completed the questionnaires in their classrooms. This study examines potential confirmatory factor analysis factor models of the RCADS as well as the relationships between the RCADS and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-Revised (SCARED-R). A subsample of 595 adolescents also completed an anxiety questionnaire (Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised, FSSC-R) and a depression questionnaire (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D). Confirmatory factor analysis of the RCADS suggests that the 6-factor model reasonably fits the data. All subscales were positively intercorrelated, with rs varying between .48 (generalized anxiety disorder-major depression disorder) and .65 (generalized anxiety disorder-social phobia/obsessive-compulsive disorder). The RCADS total score and all the RCADS scales were found to have good internal consistency (> .70). The correlations between the RCADS subscales and their SCARED-R counterparts are generally substantial. Convergent validity was found with the FSSC-R and the CES-D. The study included normal adolescents aged 10 to 19. Therefore, the findings cannot be extended to children under 10, nor to a clinical population. Altogether, the French version of the RCADS showed reasonable psychometric properties.

The Relationship between Life Events and Personality Style to the Development of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noga Oschry-Bernstein ◽  
Netta Horesh-Reinman ◽  
Adar Avnon ◽  
Tomer Mevorach ◽  
Alan Apter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Early Trauma

Background:: The separateness of anxiety disorder and depressive disorder as two distinct disorders is often questioned. The aim of the current study is to examine whether there is a different profile of life events and personality characteristics for anxiety and depression disorders in adolescents. Methods:: One hundred forty-six adolescents participated in the study, 57 boys and 89 girls, ranging in age from 11-18 years (mean=15.08+1.97). The study group included 92 adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and the comparison group included 54 teenagers with no known psychopathology. Results:: Multinomial logistic regression produced different predictive profiles for anxiety disorder and for depressive disorders. Life event variables, especially minor life events and early traumas, were found to be predictors for depression. Furthermore, interaction was found between early trauma and minor life events in the prediction of depression, such that the existence of trauma weakened the statistical correlation between minor life events and the onset of depression. In addition, contrary to the literature regarding adults, it was found that during adolescence personality variables have a unique contribution as predictive factors for vulnerability to the onset of anxiety and depression, thus reducing the significance of life events. Conclusion:: Our findings suggest that different profile of life events and personality characteristics can be identified for the two disorders. In addition, it appears that early traumas are a dominant factor that overshadows more recent life events at the onset of depression among adolescents.

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