Genetic integrity is still maintained in natural populations of the indigenous wild apple species
            Malus sylvestris
            (Mill.) in Saxony as demonstrated with nuclear SSR and chloroplast DNA markers

Abstract Fagus sylvatica in Europe is expected to be severely affected by the ongoing climate change. In this article, seed adaptive traits, in terms of morphology and germination, of F. sylvatica populations of different postglacial lineage and intrapopulation genetic diversity were evaluated. Eight plots from two geographical provenances, Evros and Drama, were selected. Provenance shaped both morphology and germination patterns, but the effect was more pronounced on germination. Seeds from Drama were larger and heavier than those from Evros but exhibited a higher degree of dormancy and slower germination. High among-plots variability on morphology and germination was also observed, especially in Evros. This higher variability was consistent with the higher level of genetic diversity observed at genomic and chloroplast DNA markers at small or larger spatial scales from previous published studies on the same plots. Results suggested the existence of different seed adaptation strategies, mainly between provenances, as a result of possible adaptation to different environmental conditions, whereas a possible influence of a generally complex pattern of admixture between different beech subspecies and postglacial lineages could not be excluded.

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STUDY OF THE ORIGIN OF THE CULTIVATED ALMOND USING NUCLEAR AND CHLOROPLAST DNA MARKERS

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2009.814.118 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 695-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Zeinalabedini ◽

V. Grigorian ◽

M. Torchi ◽

M. Khayam-Nekoui ◽

K. Majourhat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Dna ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Chloroplast Dna Markers

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Relationships Among Phaseoloid Legumes Based on Sequences from Eight Chloroplast Regions

Systematic Botany ◽

10.1600/036364409787602221 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 115-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Saša Stefanović ◽

Bernard E. Pfeil ◽

Jeffrey D. Palmer ◽

Jeff J. Doyle

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Dna ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Strong Support ◽

The Other ◽

Support Network ◽

Generic Level ◽

Shared History ◽

Rate Acceleration ◽

Codon Positions ◽

Chloroplast Dna Markers

Generic level relationships in phaseoloid legumes have received much attention using chloroplast DNA markers. However, despite this attention not all relationships are yet well-resolved. This study includes trnL-F sequences from across a wide sample of phaseoloid legumes as well as seven additional chloroplast DNA loci (rbcL, atpB, trnK/matK, rpl2, clpP, rps16, and ycf4) analyzed separately and in combination. Together, these data provide support for many relationships generally consistent with, but only weakly supported, in earlier studies. Some major discordant phylogenetic results were found in our separate analyses; for example, ycf4 sequences group Glycine and Teramnus with strong support; however, the combined analysis of the remaining seven loci found incongruent groupings (Glycine and Psoraleeae genera; Teramnus and Amphicarpaea) also with strong support. Network analysis of ycf4 revealed that the conflicting signal (relative to the other seven loci) came from first and second codon positions. These positions also showed significant rate acceleration, together indicating that selection driving convergent molecular evolution is the likely cause of the signal in ycf4, rather than shared history. The major clades within the phaseoloid legumes supported by our analysis are discussed.

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Sharing of chloroplast haplotypes among red oak species suggests interspecific gene flow between neighboring populations

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2014-0261 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 (10) ◽

pp. 691-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ruhua Zhang ◽

Andrew L. Hipp ◽

Oliver Gailing

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Chloroplast Dna ◽

Genetic Markers ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Divergent Selection ◽

Red Oak ◽

Interspecific Gene Flow ◽

Red Oaks ◽

Chloroplast Dna Markers ◽

Chloroplast Haplotypes

The North American red oak species Quercus rubra L., Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill, Quercus velutina Lam., and Quercus coccinea Münchh. are morphologically similar and showed very low interspecific differentiation at most nuclear genetic markers in our earlier analyses (<10%). However, a few genetic markers showed interspecific differentiation values (up to 84%) above neutral expectations, a pattern of genomic divergence consistent with models of ecological speciation in the face of gene flow and strong divergent selection. Accordingly, these interfertile species are predicted to maintain differential adaptations to drought, while neutral regions of the genome appear to be homogenized by interspecific gene flow. According to this model of maintenance of species integrity by divergent selection with gene flow, we expect a sharing of chloroplast haplotypes between interspecific population pairs. We analyzed maternally inherited chloroplast DNA markers for the first time in interspecific populations of the red oaks (section Lobatae) to provide additional evidence for contemporary gene flow between Q. rubra and Q. ellipsoidalis and between Q. velutina and Q. ellipsoidalis. Very low interspecific differentiation (GST = 0.023), but pronounced genetic differentiation among populations from different regions (GST = 0.277) across species, and sharing of regional chloroplast haplotypes between species in sympatric and neighboring populations provided strong evidence for contemporary interspecific gene flow. The pattern of divergence at chloroplast DNA markers in red oaks suggests interspecific gene flow that resulted in a sharing of chloroplast types while the ecological and morphological distinctness of species was maintained.

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