scholarly journals Optimal transportation theory for species interaction networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Stock ◽  
Timothée Poisot ◽  
Bernard De Baets
Keyword(s):  
Species Interaction ◽  
Optimal Transportation ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Transportation Theory

Integrating Species Interaction Networks and Biogeography

2017 ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Montoya ◽  
Núria Galiana
Keyword(s):  
Species Interaction ◽  
Interaction Networks

scholarly journals Genetics-based interactions of foundation species affect community diversity, stability and network structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1854) ◽  
pp. 20162703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Keith ◽  
Joseph K. Bailey ◽  
Matthew K. Lau ◽  
Thomas G. Whitham
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Foundation Species ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Arthropod Community ◽  
Pemphigus Betae ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Stability

We examined the hypothesis that genetics-based interactions between strongly interacting foundation species, the tree Populus angustifolia and the aphid Pemphigus betae , affect arthropod community diversity, stability and species interaction networks of which little is known. In a 2-year experimental manipulation of the tree and its aphid herbivore four major findings emerged: (i) the interactions of these two species determined the composition of an arthropod community of 139 species; (ii) both tree genotype and aphid presence significantly predicted community diversity; (iii) the presence of aphids on genetically susceptible trees increased the stability of arthropod communities across years; and (iv) the experimental removal of aphids affected community network structure (network degree, modularity and tree genotype contribution to modularity). These findings demonstrate that the interactions of foundation species are genetically based, which in turn significantly contributes to community diversity, stability and species interaction networks. These experiments provide an important step in understanding the evolution of Darwin's ‘entangled bank’, a metaphor that characterizes the complexity and interconnectedness of communities in the wild.

scholarly journals Comparing species interaction networks along environmental gradients

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 785-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loïc Pellissier ◽  
Camille Albouy ◽  
Jordi Bascompte ◽  
Nina Farwig ◽  
Catherine Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Interaction Networks

scholarly journals The spatial scaling of species interaction networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Galiana ◽  
Miguel Lurgi ◽  
Bernat Claramunt-López ◽  
Marie-Josée Fortin ◽  
Shawn Leroux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Interaction ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Spatial Scaling

scholarly journals A novel perspective on the meaning of nestedness with conceptual and methodological solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Barros Pereira Pinheiro ◽  
Carsten F. Dormann ◽  
Gabriel Moreira Felix ◽  
Marco A. R. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Null Model ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Null Models ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Expected Values ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Test Outcomes ◽  
Plant Pollinator

Aim: Nestedness is a common pattern in metacommunities and interaction networks, whose causes are still discussed. Nestedness inference is challenging because, beyond calculating an index, we need to compare observed values with values generated with a null model. There are different null models and the choice between them affects test outcomes. Furthermore, there is no established theoretical basis to guide this choice. Here, we propose a different look at the meaning of nestedness that improves our understanding of its causes and unveils the link between null models and hypotheses. Innovation: Nestedness of a matrix is a combination of marginal sum inequality and high overlap. The higher the overlap, the more predictable the cell values by marginal sums. Here, we show that nestedness actually measures how better one can predict cell values by marginal sums than by matrix dimensions and total sum alone. From this, we propose that two null models can be used to test for different topological hypotheses. The equiprobable model excludes all nestedness-generating mechanisms and provides the distribution of expected values for nestedness significance tests. The proportional model conserves nestedness-generating mechanisms and excludes nestedness-disrupting mechanisms, and thus, produces highly nested matrices. The proportional model provides the distribution of expected nestedness for nested matrices. Additionally, we evaluate the efficiency of several indices within this new perspective and illustrate our approach using an empirical plant-pollinator network. Main conclusions: Through a shift of perspective, our approach reconciliates contradictions in null model analysis and delimits the range of possible explanations for nestedness. The only way a process can increase nestedness in a matrix is by promoting marginal sum inequalities, without concomitantly introducing preferences. Consequently, in a species interaction network, explanations for nestedness should explain why some species interact more frequently than others.

scholarly journals Vulnerable species interactions are important for the stability of mutualistic networks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno I. Simmons ◽  
Hannah S. Wauchope ◽  
Tatsuya Amano ◽  
Lynn V. Dicks ◽  
William J. Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Ecological Context ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Network Stability ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Stability

AbstractSpecies are central to ecology and conservation. However, it is the interactions between species that generate the functions on which ecosystems and humans depend. Despite the importance of interactions, we lack an understanding of the risk that their loss poses to ecological communities. Here, we quantify risk as a function of the vulnerability (likelihood of loss) and importance (contribution to network stability in terms of species coexistence) of 4330 mutualistic interactions from 41 empirical pollination and seed dispersal networks across six continents. Remarkably, we find that more vulnerable interactions are also more important: the interactions that contribute most to network stability are those that are most likely to be lost. Furthermore, most interactions tend to have more similar vulnerability and importance across networks than expected by chance, suggesting that vulnerability and importance may be intrinsic properties of interactions, rather than only a function of ecological context. These results provide a starting point for prioritising interactions for conservation in species interaction networks and, in areas lacking network data, could allow interaction properties to be inferred from taxonomy alone.

scholarly journals 9. Optimal transportation theory with repulsive costs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Di Marino ◽  
Augusto Gerolin ◽  
Luca Nenna
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Transportation ◽  
Transportation Theory

scholarly journals Improving our knowledge of species interaction networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 100037
Author(s):  
Cédric Gaucherel
Keyword(s):  
Species Interaction ◽  
Interaction Networks
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