scholarly journals An index for measuring functional extension and evenness in trait space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Grant M. Domke ◽  
Matthew B. Russell ◽  
Jeremy W. Lichstein
Keyword(s):  
Functional Extension ◽  
Trait Space

scholarly journals Sensory‐based quantification of male colour patterns in Trinidadian guppies reveals no support for parallel phenotypic evolution in multivariate trait space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lengxob Yong ◽  
Darren P. Croft ◽  
Jolyon Troscianko ◽  
Indar Ramnarine ◽  
Alastair Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Evolution ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
Trait Space

scholarly journals Functional trait space of forest passerine bird assemblages along a latitudinal gradient in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 100096
Author(s):  
Xuelian He ◽  
Nathan G. Swenson ◽  
Luxiang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Passerine Bird ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Trait Space

Smartphone and self-extension: Functionally, anthropomorphically, and ontologically extending self via the smartphone

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Sup Park ◽  
Barbara K. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Functional Extension

This paper focuses on the blurring boundary between the “human self” and the smartphone, using interviews with 60 heavy smartphone users. The interview responses reveal three types of self-extension via the smartphone— functional extension, anthropomorphic extension, and ontological extension. Smartphone users assert that their phone has become an indispensable part of their self and thus influences their identity and sense of being in both positive and negative ways.

scholarly journals Selection of Pairings Reaching Evenly Across the Data (SPREAD): A simple algorithm to design maximally informative fully crossed mating experiments

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolea Zimmerman ◽  
Daniel Levitis ◽  
Ethan Addicott ◽  
Anne Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Neighbor Distance ◽  
Crossing Experiments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Novel Algorithm ◽  
Trait Space

We present a novel algorithm for the design of crossing experiments. The algorithm identifies a set of individuals (a ?crossing-set?) from a larger pool of potential crossing-sets by maximizing the diversity of traits of interest, for example, maximizing the range of genetic and geographic distances between individuals included in the crossing-set. To calculate diversity, we use the mean nearest neighbor distance of crosses plotted in trait space. We implement our algorithm on a real dataset ofNeurospora crassastrains, using the genetic and geographic distances between potential crosses as a two-dimensional trait space. In simulated mating experiments, crossing-sets selected by our algorithm provide better estimates of underlying parameter values than randomly chosen crossing-sets.

scholarly journals Revisiting the hierarchical structure of the 24 VIA character strengths: Three global dimensions may suffice to capture their essence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Viola Partsch ◽  
Matthias Bluemke ◽  
Clemens M. Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Character Strengths ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Analytic Structure ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Total N ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Trait Space

Peterson and Seligman's (2004) values-in-action (VIA) framework maps 24 character strengths onto six more abstract virtues through a theoretical classification. However, compared to other individual difference constructs, there is little consensus about the factor-analytic structure of the VIA trait space. Applying Horn’s parallel analysis, Goldberg’s Bass-ackwards approach, and cross-country congruency analysis, we scrutinize the factor-analytic solutions-hierarchy of the 24 VIA strengths with the aim to identify one or more useful global levels of abstraction (akin to the Big Five, HEXACO/Big Six, or personality metatraits). We assessed the 24 character strengths with the psychometrically refined IPIP-VIA-R inventory in two large and heterogeneous samples from Germany and UK (total N ≈ 2,000). Results suggested that three global dimensions suffice to capture the essence of character strengths: Level III recovered more than 50% of the total variation of the 24 character strengths in well-interpretable, global/general, cross-culturally replicable dimensions. We provisionally labeled them positivity, dependability, and mastery. Their superordinate Level-II-dimensions were reminiscent of the “Big Two” personality metatraits Dynamism and Social Self-Regulation. Our results advance the understanding of the VIA character trait space and may serve as a basis for developing scales to assess these global dimensions.

scholarly journals New insights from multidimensional trait space responses to competition in two clonal plant species

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne‐Kristel Bittebiere ◽  
Hugo Saiz ◽  
Cendrine Mony
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Clonal Plant ◽  
Trait Space

scholarly journals Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of interconnectedness and modularity

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Nordbotten ◽  
Simon A. Levin ◽  
Eörs Szathmáry ◽  
Nils C. Stenseth
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Evolution Equation ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Population Distributions ◽  
Trait Space

In this contribution, we develop a theoretical framework for linking microprocesses (i.e., population dynamics and evolution through natural selection) with macrophenomena (such as interconnectedness and modularity within an ecological system). This is achieved by developing a measure of interconnectedness for population distributions defined on a trait space (generalizing the notion of modularity on graphs), in combination with an evolution equation for the population distribution. With this contribution, we provide a platform for understanding under what environmental, ecological, and evolutionary conditions ecosystems evolve toward being more or less modular. A major contribution of this work is that we are able to decompose the overall driver of changes at the macro level (such as interconnectedness) into three components: (i) ecologically driven change, (ii) evolutionarily driven change, and (iii) environmentally driven change.

Methods of Functional Extension

1995 ◽  
pp. 87-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Baaz ◽  
Alexander Leitsch
Keyword(s):  
Functional Extension
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