scholarly journals Allochthonous resources are less important for faunal communities on highly productive, small tropical islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 13128-13138
Author(s):  
Sebastian Steibl ◽  
Robert Sigl ◽  
Sanja Blaha ◽  
Sophia Drescher ◽  
Gerhard Gebauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Allochthonous Resources ◽  
Faunal Communities

scholarly journals Substrate Selection of Ascidian Larva: Wettability and Nano-Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Euichi Hirose ◽  
Noburu Sensui
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Substrate Selection ◽  
Artificial Structures ◽  
Substrate Preferences ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Hydrophobic Materials ◽  
Faunal Communities ◽  
Adhesive Organs ◽  
Fouling Organisms ◽  
Selection Of

Ascidians are marine sessile chordates that comprise one of the major benthic animal groups in marine ecosystems. They sometimes cause biofouling problems on artificial structures underwater, and non-indigenous, invasive ascidian species can potentially and seriously alter native faunal communities. Ascidian larvae are usually tadpole-shaped, negatively phototactic, and adhere on substrates by secreting a glue from their adhesive organs. Although larvae often prefer hydrophobic surfaces, such as a silicone rubber, for settlement, hydrophobic materials are often used to reduce occurrence of fouling organisms on artificial structures. This inconsistency may indicate that an attractive surface for larvae is not always suitable for settlement. Micro-scale structures or roughness may enhance the settlement of ascidian larvae, but settlement is significantly reduced by a nano-scale nipple array (or moth-eye structure), suggesting functional properties of similar structures found on the body surfaces of various invertebrates. The substrate preferences of larvae should be one of the important bases in considering measures against biofouling, and this review also discusses the potential uses of materials to safely reduce the impacts of invasive species.

Genetic approaches for mitigating losses caused by bacterial wilt of tomato in tropical islands

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrawan Singh ◽  
R. K. Gautam ◽  
D. R. Singh ◽  
T. V. R. S. Sharma ◽  
K. Sakthivel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Tropical Islands

scholarly journals Marsh rabbit mortalities tie pythons to the precipitous decline of mammals in the Everglades

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1805) ◽  
pp. 20150120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. McCleery ◽  
Adia Sovie ◽  
Robert N. Reed ◽  
Mark W. Cunningham ◽  
Margaret E. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Faunal Communities ◽  
Python Molurus ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Precipitous Decline ◽  
Python Molurus Bivittatus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ecological Functioning

To address the ongoing debate over the impact of invasive species on native terrestrial wildlife, we conducted a large-scale experiment to test the hypothesis that invasive Burmese pythons ( Python molurus bivittatus ) were a cause of the precipitous decline of mammals in Everglades National Park (ENP). Evidence linking pythons to mammal declines has been indirect and there are reasons to question whether pythons, or any predator, could have caused the precipitous declines seen across a range of mammalian functional groups. Experimentally manipulating marsh rabbits, we found that pythons accounted for 77% of rabbit mortalities within 11 months of their translocation to ENP and that python predation appeared to preclude the persistence of rabbit populations in ENP. On control sites, outside of the park, no rabbits were killed by pythons and 71% of attributable marsh rabbit mortalities were classified as mammal predations. Burmese pythons pose a serious threat to the faunal communities and ecological functioning of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, which will probably spread as python populations expand their range.

scholarly journals Influence of surface texture and microhabitat heterogeneity in structuring nodule faunal communities

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1936-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Veillette ◽  
S. Kim Juniper ◽  
Andrew J. Gooday ◽  
Jozée Sarrazin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Faunal Communities ◽  
Microhabitat Heterogeneity

Direct and indirect impacts of wildfire on faunal communities of Mediterranean temporary ponds

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cunillera-Montcusí ◽  
Stéphanie Gascón ◽  
Irene Tornero ◽  
Jordi Sala ◽  
Núria Àvila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Faunal Communities ◽  
Mediterranean Temporary Ponds ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

Ant communities on small tropical islands: effects of island size and isolation are obscured by habitat disturbance and ‘tramp’ ant species

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Rizali ◽  
David J. Lohman ◽  
Damayanti Buchori ◽  
Lilik Budi Prasetyo ◽  
Hermanu Triwidodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Disturbance ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Island Size ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Tramp Ant

scholarly journals Variety of Economic Share of Tourism on Tropical Islands

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-314
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Podhorodecka
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract The author seeks an answer to the question whether a higher intensity of tourism movement is connected with a higher share of tourism in the economy in selected tropical island territories. With the use of the Spearman correlation coefficient, the existence of the average positive correlation between the intensity of tourism movement and the share of tourism in the economy has been determined. In the second part of paper, the author looks at the conditions which affect the role of tourism in the economy in proportion to the intensity of tourism movement. For this purpose, the Chi-square test and detailed case studies of chosen tropical islands are discussed.

scholarly journals Stochastic daily rainfall generation on tropical islands with complex topography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Benoit ◽  
Lydie Sichoix ◽  
Alison D. Nugent ◽  
Matthew P. Lucas ◽  
Thomas W. Giambelluca
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Orographic Effects ◽  
Spatial Gradients

Abstract. Stochastic rainfall generators are probabilistic models of rainfall space-time behavior. During parameterization and calibration, they allow the identification and quantification of the main modes of rainfall variability. Hence, stochastic rainfall models can be regarded as probabilistic conceptual models of rainfall dynamics. As with most conceptual models in Earth Sciences, the performance of stochastic rainfall models strongly relies on their adequacy in representing the rain process at hand. On tropical islands with high elevation topography, orographic rain enhancement challenges most existing stochastic models because it creates localized rains with strong spatial gradients, which break down the stationarity of rain statistics. To allow for stochastic rainfall modeling on tropical islands, despite non-stationarity, we propose a new stochastic daily rainfall generator specifically for areas with significant orographic effects. Our model relies on a preliminary classification of daily rain patterns into rain types based on rainfall space and intensity statistics, and sheds new light on rainfall variability at the island scale. Within each rain type, the spatial distribution of rainfall through the island is modeled following a meta-Gaussian approach combining empirical spatial copulas and a Gamma transform function, which allows us to generate realistic daily rain fields. When applied to the stochastic simulation of rainfall on the islands of O‘ahu (Hawai‘i, United States of America) and Tahiti (French Polynesia) in the tropical Pacific, the proposed model demonstrates good skills in jointly simulating site specific and island scale rain statistics. Hence, it provides a new tool for stochastic impact studies in tropical islands, in particular for watershed water resources management and downscaling of future precipitation projections.

scholarly journals Travel in Tropical Islands: Enemies coexisting in Peace

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-Chr. Engels-Schwarzpaul
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Islands

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