Mineral nitrogen and phosphorus pools affected by water table lowering and warming in a boreal forested peatland

Ecohydrology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq M. Munir ◽  
Bhupesh Khadka ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Maria Strack
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Pools ◽  
Forested Peatland

Design of the treatment wetland determines nitrous oxide emission

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuno Kasak ◽  
Keit Kill ◽  
Evelyn Uuemaa ◽  
Ülo Mander
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Wetland ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Sampling Campaign

<p>Treatment wetlands are widespread measures to reduce agricultural diffuse pollution. Systems that are often planted with emergent macrophytes such as Typha spp. and Phragmites spp. are efficient to reduce nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. While many experiments have been conducted to study the emission of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), little attention has been paid for the emission of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O). Few studies have been shown that usually N<sub>2</sub>O emission from water saturated ecosystems such as wetlands is low to negligible. In Vända in-stream treatment wetland that was built in 2015 and located in southern Estonia, we carried out first long term N<sub>2</sub>O measurements using floating chambers. The total area of the wetland is roughly .5 ha; 12 boardwalks, each equipped with two sampling spots, were created. Samples were collected biweekly from March 2019 through January 2021. In each sampling campaign water table depth, water and air temperature, O<sub>2</sub> concentration, oxygen reduction potential, pH and electrical conductivity were registered. Water samples for TN, NO<sub>3</sub>-N, NO<sub>2</sub>-N, TOC, TIC and TC were collected from inflow and outflow of the system in each sampling session and the average concentrations were 5.1 mg/L, 3.68 mg/L, <0.1 mg/L, 41.2 mg/L and 28.7, respectively. Our results showed a very high variability of N<sub>2</sub>O emission: the fluxes ranged from -4.5 ug m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> to 2674.2 ug m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> with mean emission of 97.3 ug m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. Based on gas samples (n=687) we saw a strong correlation (R<sup>2</sup> = -0.38, p<0.0001) between N<sub>2</sub>O emission and water depth. The average N<sub>2</sub>O emission from sections with the water table depth >15 cm was 45.9 ug m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> while sections with water table depth <15 cm showed average emission of 648.3 ug m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. The difference between these areas was more than 10 times. Water temperature that is often considered as the main driver had less effect to the N<sub>2</sub>O emission. For instance, at lower temperatures, when the emissions from deeper zones decreased, there was no temperature effect on emissions from shallow zones. We also saw that over the years the overall N<sub>2</sub>O emission followed clear seasonal dynamics and has a slight trend towards lower emissions. This can be related to the more intensive vegetation growth that has been increased from ~40% in 2019 to approximately 90% in 2020. Our study demonstrates that the design of the wetland is not only important for the water treatment, but it can also determine the magnitude of greenhouse gas emissions. We saw that even slight changes in water table depth can have a significant effect on the annual N<sub>2</sub>O emission. Thus, in-stream treatment wetlands that have water table depth at least 15 cm likely have remarkably lower N<sub>2</sub>O emissions without losing water treatment efficiency.</p><p> </p>

Water Table Effects on Histosol Drainage Water Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W. Martin ◽  
D. B. Ivanoff ◽  
D. A. Graetz ◽  
K. R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Beneficial influence of plant neighbours on tree growth in drained forested peatlands: a case study

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2341-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Jutras ◽  
Hannu Hökkä ◽  
Jean Bégin ◽  
André P Plamondon
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Larix Laricina ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest ◽  
Speckled Alder ◽  
Forested Peatland

In boreal forest, drainage can be successfully used to lower the water-table level of postharvest forested peatland stands suffering from watering-up. The later vegetation revival and growth is suspected to gradually create a water-table drawdown described in this study as biological drainage. Its effect on the annual stump diameter increment of planted eastern larch (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) and naturally regenerated black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) was studied on a postharvested and drained forested peatland located in eastern part of the Canadian boreal forest. A factor describing the neighbourhood occupancy of every subject tree was used to illustrate biological drainage in a retrospective growth analysis. Results showed the dual effect of the neighbourhood occupancy factor: competing situations close to the ditch and growth-favouring situations farther from it. In the latter case, the studied trees demonstrated better growth with moderately increasing neighbourhood occupancy. This was interpreted as evidence of the beneficial effect of biological drainage on tree growth. The presence of speckled alder (Alnus incana subsp.rugosa (Du Roi) J. Clausen) in the neighbourhood of selected trees corresponded to improved growth for both studied species.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Trophic State of a Small Plain Reservoir during Different Periods of Its Existence (a Case Study of the Penza Reservoir on the Sura River)

2020 ◽  
pp. 368-386
Author(s):  
Elena A. Shashulovskaya ◽  
Svetlana A. Mosiyash ◽  
Inna N. Dalechina ◽  
Irina G. Filimonova ◽  
Liliya V. Grishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Flood Period ◽  
Low Nitrogen

The present study provides comparative characterization of the contents of nutrients and organic matter and quantitative parameters of phytoplankton of the Sura (Penza) reservoir during 1984–1992 and 2016–2019. At present, the content of phosphates has increased by 3 times while the concentration of mineral nitrogen has remained unchanged. The seasonal dynamics of phosphorus and mineral nitrogen are different: the maximum phosphate concentrations are observed in summer and autumn, but nitrogen is the highest during the flood period. At the present time, phosphorus is mainly generated in intra-reservoir processes. Nitrates were the predominant form of mineral nitrogen in 2016–2019, and their spring maximum suggests predominant intake with the flood flow. The ratio of the mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus indicates that, at the present time, phosphorus is not the element that limits the development of algae. In certain periods (summer 2017–2018), a significant negative relationship was observed between the algal biomass and the total iron content in water (r = -0.81, p = 0.016). No Cyanoprocaryota “blooms” have been observed in recent years. In 2019, the abundance of Cyanoprocaryota increased, but in some regions, biomass was no more than 2.18–2.42 mg/dm3. In 2019, the dominant Cyanoprocaryota group did not contain Microcystis aeruginosa (Kütz.), but a new species was identified – Planktothrix agardhii (Gom.) Anagn. et Kom., which is resistant to low light and the low nitrogen to phosphorus ratio. The proportion of readily oxidized organic matter in the total organic matter, both at the end of the 20th century and recently, characterizes the reservoir as stably eutrophic, although the quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton in recent years indicate declining trophic status

scholarly journals Patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus pools in terrestrial ecosystems in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5337-5351
Author(s):  
Yi-Wei Zhang ◽  
Yanpei Guo ◽  
Zhiyao Tang ◽  
Yuhao Feng ◽  
Xinrong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Changbai Mountains ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Digital Repository ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Phosphorus Pools

Abstract. Recent increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature relieve their limitations on terrestrial ecosystem productivity, while nutrient availability constrains the increasing plant photosynthesis more intensively. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are critical for plant physiological activities and consequently regulate ecosystem productivity. Here, for the first time, we mapped N and P densities and concentrations of leaves, woody stems, roots, litter, and soil in forest, shrubland, and grassland ecosystems across China based on an intensive investigation at 4868 sites, covering species composition, biomass, and nutrient concentrations of different tissues of living plants, litter, and soil. Forest, shrubland, and grassland ecosystems in China stored 6803.6 Tg N, with 6635.2 Tg N (97.5 %) fixed in soil (to a depth of 1 m) and 27.7 (0.4 %), 57.8 (0.8 %), 71.2 (1 %), and 11.7 Tg N (0.2 %) in leaves, stems, roots, and litter, respectively. The forest, shrubland, and grassland ecosystems in China stored 2806.0 Tg P, with 2786.1 Tg P (99.3 %) fixed in soil (to a depth of 1 m) and 2.7 (0.1 %), 9.4 (0.3 %), 6.7 (0.2 %), and 1.0 Tg P (< 0.1 %) in leaves, stems, roots, and litter, respectively. Our estimation showed that N pools were low in northern China, except in the Changbai Mountains, Mount Tianshan, and Mount Alta, while relatively higher values existed in the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and Yunnan. P densities in vegetation were higher towards the southern and north-eastern part of China, while soil P density was higher towards the northern and western part of China. The estimated N and P density and concentration datasets, “Patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus pools in terrestrial ecosystems in China” (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.6hdr7sqzx), are available from the Dryad digital repository (Zhang et al., 2021). These patterns of N and P densities could potentially improve existing earth system models and large-scale research on ecosystem nutrients.

CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS IN THE SOIL BETWEEN FALL AND SPRING SAMPLING

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. L. READ ◽  
D. R. CAMERON
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Seeding Time

Soils were sampled to 120-cm depths in the fall and again in the spring to determine the NO3N, NH4N and NaHCO3 extractable P content. The change in nutrient content of the soil between fall and spring was measured and related to the fall sampling values and to climatic conditions between samplings. The samples were taken for each 10 yr at several sites on different soil types. The average of all sites showed little change in the P content of the soil from fall to spring. There was some increase in NO3-N, particularly in the 0- to 60-cm depth but there was a larger decrease in NH4-N, resulting in a net decrease of N (NO3-N + NH4-N) or total available mineral nitrogen from fall to spring. The amount of change in NO3-N, NH4-N and the combination of these two (N) was inversely related to the amount of that form of nitrogen present in the soil in the fall. Weather also affected the amount of change. Consideration of the amount of nitrogen present in the fall and the weather from fall to spring will improve the accuracy of predicting the amount that will be present at seeding time.

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