scholarly journals 13,000 years of fire history derived from soil charcoal in a British Columbia coastal temperate rain forest

Ecosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Hoffman ◽  
D. G. Gavin ◽  
K. P. Lertzman ◽  
D. J. Smith ◽  
B. M. Starzomski
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Soil Charcoal ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest

HOLOCENE FIRE HISTORY OF A COASTAL TEMPERATE RAIN FOREST BASED ON SOIL CHARCOAL RADIOCARBON DATES

Ecology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Gavin ◽  
Linda B. Brubaker ◽  
Kenneth P. Lertzman
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Soil Charcoal ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
History Of

Bryophyte community differences between edge and interior environments in temperate rain-forest fragments of coastal British Columbia

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn K Baldwin ◽  
Gary E Bradfield
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Edge Zone ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest

The species richness, community composition, and abundance of bryophytes within taxonomic and functional groups were examined in relation to habitat conditions in forest edge and interior habitats of nine old-growth temperate rain-forest patches remaining after logging in the Nimpkish River Valley of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Bryophytes were sampled at a fine scale using 0.1 m × 0.3 m microplots to examine responses of species abundance on the forest floor, downed logs, and tree bases and at a coarser scale using 10 m × 2 m belt transects to determine changes in patterns of species richness and distribution. Edge habitats, sampled to a depth of 45 m into the forest fragments, were characterized by greater windthrow disturbance. Within the edge zone, increases in the richness of clearing-affiliated functional groups were associated primarily with the location of windthrown trees and tip-up mounds, rather than with distance from the edge per se. Interior habitats had both greater abundance of old-growth-associated functional groups and total bryophyte cover. The extension of the edge zone to at least 45 m into remnant patches carries implications for minimum patch size requirements in the context of variable-retention logging of coastal temperate rain forests.

11 000 years of fire history and climate in the mountain hemlock rain forests of southwestern British Columbia based on sedimentary charcoal

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J Hallett ◽  
Dana S Lepofsky ◽  
Rolf W Mathewes ◽  
Ken P Lertzman
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Soil Charcoal

Little is known about the role of fire in the mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carrière) rain forests of southern British Columbia. High-resolution analysis of macroscopic charcoal from lake sediment cores, along with 102 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) ages on soil charcoal, was used to reconstruct the long-term fire history around two subalpine lakes in the southern Coast and North Cascade Mountains. AMS ages on soil charcoal provide independent evidence of local fire around a lake and support the interpretation of peaks in lake sediment charcoal as distinct fire events during the Holocene. Local fires are rare, with intervals ranging from centuries to several millennia at some sites. Overall fire frequency varied continuously throughout the Holocene, suggesting that fire regimes are linked to climate via large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Fires were frequent between 11 000 and 8800 calendar years BP during the warm and dry early Holocene. The onset of humid conditions in the mid-Holocene, as rain forest taxa established in the region, produced a variable fire period until 3500 calendar years BP. A synchronous decrease in fire frequency from 3500 to 2400 calendar years BP corresponds to Neoglacial advances in the region and cool humid climate. A return of frequent fire between 2400 and 1300 calendar years BP suggests that prolonged summer drought occurred more often during this interval, which we name the Fraser Valley Fire Period. The present-day fire regime was established after 1300 calendar years BP.

Structural – compositional variation in three age-classes of temperate rainforests in southern coastal British Columbia

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Arsenault ◽  
Gary E. Bradfield
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Relationships between forest structure and species composition were examined in three age-classes of temperate rain forest in southern coastal British Columbia. Old forests (> 250 years) exhibited greater structural and compositional heterogeneity than young (31–60 years) and mature (61–80 years) forests. Size-class distributions of living and dead standing trees in the three age groups suggested both qualitative and quantitative differences in regeneration and mortality processes. The canonical correlation between structure and composition was high (Rc = 0.84), but a substantial amount of total variation remained unexplained by the analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) axis 1 of species composition separated the lower elevation (warmer and drier) mature forests from the higher elevation (cooler and wetter) young and old forests. PCA axis 1 of structure separated the young and mature forests as a group from the old forests. PCAs of the separate age-classes indicated weaker compositional – structural linkages than with all age-classes combined. Study area differences explained greater proportions of variation in young and mature forests (up to 53%) than in old forests (< 10%). The results indicate a slow recovery process following impacts from human disturbance in coastal forests. Key words: canonical correlation analysis, old-growth temperate rain forest, principal component analysis, species composition, forest structure.

Ecological legacies of anthropogenic burning in a British Columbia coastal temperate rain forest

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2903-2915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira M. Hoffman ◽  
Ken P. Lertzman ◽  
Brian M. Starzomski
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Ecological Legacies

Ancient temperate rain forest research in British Columbia

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville N. Winchester
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Forest Diversity ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Ancient Forests

AbstractThis paper is a tribute to Dr. R.A. Ring upon his retirement. During the past 12 years (1993–2005), an emerging canopy research program has established a wealth of baseline information on the structure and functioning of temperate rain forest canopy arthropod communities. Studies from research sites on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, have shown that ancient temperate rain forest canopy ecosystems contain a largely undescribed fauna that is specific to habitat features found only in these canopies. In particular, diverse assemblages of free-living mites have been shown to dominate conifer species and canopy microhabitats. For example, oribatid mites are the dominant arthropod fauna on branches, branches with attached lichens, and suspended soil accumulations. Species composition differs significantly between the ground and the canopy at both the family and the species level. Arboreal specificity may be due to intrinsic variation in habitat quality, habitat architecture, patchiness, and (or) resource availability. The prevalent patterns of habitat specialization, low vagility, and restricted distribution displayed by a large percentage of the resident canopy microarthropods are features often associated with forest ecoregions that have enjoyed relatively stable conditions for long periods of time, as have the ancient forests on Vancouver Island. Investigators in the “one-Ring lab” continue to document the diversity and abundance of canopy arthropods of temperate forests in British Columbia. In particular, studies are concerned with defining the organizing principles that elicit community patterns associated with the various levels of complexity in arboreal communities. Our long-term goal is to provide a greater degree of predictability when addressing temperate forest diversity issues. To meet the stated goals of sustainable forest management and retention of biodiversity, an extensive plan of ecological research that features arthropods is needed. This plan, fostered by Dr. Ring, should have as a priority the inventory and cataloguing of species assemblages and should address dynamic processes such as organismal dispersal and the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on arthropods in ancient forests.

The Small Mammal Community of a Chilean Temperate Rain Forest: Lack of Evidence of Competition between Dominant Species

1987 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Murua ◽  
P. L. Meserve ◽  
L. A. Gonzalez ◽  
C. Jofre
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Mammal Community
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