scholarly journals Integrating multiple genetic detection methods to estimate population density of social and territorial carnivores

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e02479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Murphy ◽  
Ben C. Augustine ◽  
Jennifer R. Adams ◽  
Lisette P. Waits ◽  
John J. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Genetic Detection ◽  
Estimate Population Density

scholarly journals HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AS AN EPIGENETIC COFACTOR OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEVERAL EPITHELIAL NON-MELANOCYTIC SKIN NEOPLASMS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Avad Zhaber Mahmud Zhaber ◽  
E. S Snarskaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Skin Neoplasms ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Genetic Detection

In recent decades, interest in the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been steadily increasing, which can be attributed both to the evolution of molecular genetic detection methods and to the widespread of this viral infection in the population. Epidemiological and molecular biological data suggest that HPV genus beta can cause the development of a number of epithelial non-melanocytic neoplasms of the skin. However, this relationship has not yet been fully studied. Possibly, human papillomavirus infection should be considered from the perspective of co-carcinogenesis with the cumulative effect of UV irradiation, which is indirectly indicated by the predominant localization of elements in open areas of the skin and the high risks of their malignant transformation.

VOCAL BEHAVIOUR OF GREYWING FRANCOLIN FRANCOLINUS AFRICANUS CAN BE USED TO ESTIMATE POPULATION DENSITY

Ostrich ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Little ◽  
T. M. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Vocal Behaviour ◽  
Estimate Population Density

scholarly journals Sampling plan using grade of infestation to estimate population density.

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohji Yamamura ◽  
Hisashi Nemoto
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Estimate Population Density

scholarly journals Estimation of Kapapa Bajing Population (Callosciurus notatus Boddaert, 1785) Family Sciuridae in Nagari Koto Dalam, Padang Sago, Sumatera Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Lusi Andalisa ◽  
Rizaldi Rizaldi ◽  
Jabang Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Line Transect Survey ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Estimate Population Density

Estimation of the plantain squirrel (Callosciurus notatus Boddaert, 1785) population was conducted from Februari to May 2016. This study aimed to estimate population density in the traditional coconut plantation, Nagari Koto Dalam, Padang Pariaman. The population density was estimated using line transect survey method. Population density of the squirrels in Nagari Koto Dalam was 5.5 ind/ha. This study shows that population density of the squirrel comparable to previous studies in West Sumatra.

scholarly journals Estimating animal density in three dimensions using capture-frequency data from remote detectors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan S. Vargas Soto ◽  
Rowshyra A. Castañeda ◽  
Nicholas E. Mandrak ◽  
Péter K. Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
List Type ◽  
Detection Zone ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractRemote detectors are being used increasingly often to study aquatic and aerial species, for which movement is significantly different from terrestrial species. While terrestrial camera-trapping studies have shown that capture frequency, along with the species’ movement speed and detector specifications can be used to estimate absolute densities, the approach has not yet been adapted to cases where movement occurs in three dimensions. Frameworks based on animal movement patterns allow estimating population density from camera-trapping data when animals are not individually distinguishable.Here we adapt one such framework to three-dimensional movement to characterize the relationship between population density, animal speed, characteristics of a remote sensor’s detection zone, and detection frequency. The derivation involves defining the detection zone mathematically and calculating the mean area of the profile it presents to approaching individuals.We developed two variants of the model – one assuming random movement of all individuals, and one allowing for different probabilities for each approach direction (e.g. that animals more often swim/fly horizontally than vertically). We used computer simulations to evaluate model performance for a wide range of animal and detector densities. Simulations show that in ideal conditions the method approximates true density well, and that estimates become increasingly accurate using more detectors, or sampling for longer. Moreover, the method is robust to invalidation of assumptions, accuracy is decreased only in extreme cases where all detectors are facing the same way.We provide equations for estimating population density from detection frequency and outline how to estimate the necessary parameters. We discuss how environmental variables and species-specific characteristics affect parameter estimates and how to account for these differences in density estimations.Our method can be applied to common remote detection methods (cameras and acoustic detectors), which are currently being used to study a diversity of species and environments. Therefore, our work may significantly expand the number and diversity of species for which density can be estimated.

scholarly journals The applicability of camera trapping to estimate population density of chamois in Biokovo Nature Park

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikica Šprem ◽  
Nera FABIJANIĆ ◽  
Ksenija PROTRKA ◽  
Zvjezdana POPOVIĆ ◽  
Ante BULIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Estimate Population Density

Relative Methods of Population Measurement and the Derivation of Absolute Estimates

2021 ◽  
pp. 204-267
Author(s):  
Peter A. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
R Software ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Biological Interpretation ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Software Code ◽  
Electric Fishing ◽  
Estimate Population Density

Relative sampling methods usually requiring comparatively simple equipment are described. These often concentrate the animals and provide impressive collections. Factors affecting the size of relative samples are reviewed to show that biological interpretation can be difficult. A wide variety of methods for aquatic and terrestrial sampling are reviewed, including pitfall, interception, light, sticky, and flight traps, electric fishing, drift samplers, and gill nets. The use of baited traps, including vertebrate hosts, is discussed. Removal trapping to estimate population density is described, and R software code listed.

scholarly journals Pathways to false positive diagnoses using molecular genetic detection methods; Phytophthora cinnamomi a case study

2017 ◽  
pp. fnx009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Kunadiya ◽  
Diane White ◽  
William A. Dunstan ◽  
Giles E. St ◽  
J. Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Genetic Detection

scholarly journals Estimating leopard (Panthera pardus) densities when populations comprise polymorphic phenotypes: an application of spatial mark-resight models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abishek Harihar ◽  
Dipankar Lahkar ◽  
Aparajita Singh ◽  
Sunit Kumar Das ◽  
M Firoz Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
National Park ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Phenotypic Polymorphism ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Estimate Population Density

AbstractMelanism is a form of pigmentation polymorphism where individuals have darker coloration than what is considered the “wild” phenotype. In the case of leopards, Panthera pardus, melanism occurs at higher frequencies amongst populations in tropical and subtropical moist forests of south and southeast Asia, presenting a unique challenge in estimating and monitoring these populations. Unlike the wild phenotype that are readily recognizable by their rosette patterns, melanism results in individuals being unidentifiable or ‘unmarked’ through photographic captures obtained using white flash cameras. Spatial mark-resight (SMR) models that require only a subset of the population to be ‘marked’ offer the opportunity to estimate population density. In this study, we present an application of SMR models to estimate leopard densities using camera trap survey data from three sampling sessions at Manas National Park (MNP), India. By using an SMR model that allowed us to include captures of unidentified sightings of marked individuals, we were also able to incorporate captures where identity was either not confirmed or only known from a single flank. Following 18,674 trap-days of sampling across three sessions, we obtained 728 leopard photo-captures, of which 22.6% (165) were melanistic. We estimated leopard densities of 4.33, 2.61and 3.37 individuals/100km2 across the three sessions. To our best knowledge, these represent the first known estimates of leopard densities from such populations. Finally, we highlight that SMR models present an opportunity to revisit past camera trap survey data for leopards and other species that exhibit phenotypic polymorphism towards generating valuable information on populations.

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