Optimization of Bayesian repetitive group sampling plan for quality determination in Pharmaceutical products and related materials

Sampling plans are extensively used in pharmaceutical industries to test drugs or other related materials to ensure that they are safe and consistent. A sampling plan can help to determine the quality of products, to monitor the goodness of materials and to validate the yields whether it is free from defects or not. If the manufacturing process is precisely aligned, the occurrence of defects will be an unusual occasion and will result in an excess number of zeros (no defects) during the sampling inspection. The Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) distribution is studied for the given scenario, which helps the management to take a precise decision about the lot and it can certainly reduce the error rate than the regular Poisson model. The Bayesian methodology is a more appropriate statistical procedure for reaching a good decision if the previous knowledge is available concerning the production process. This article proposed a new design of the Bayesian Repetitive Group Sampling plan based on Zero Inflated Poisson distribution for the quality assurance in pharmaceutical products and related materials. This plan is studied through the Gamma-Zero Inflated Poisson (G-ZIP) model to safeguard both the producer and consumer by minimizing the Average Sample Number. Necessary tables and figures are constructed for the selection of optimal plan parameters and suitable illustrations are provided that are applicable for pharmaceutical industries.

An assessment of the impact of occupational health workers' activities on the workers' health: Preliminary results and protocol of a nationwide Internet-based longitudinal survey (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Due to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, work environments and systems, as well as occupational health measures or activities that fall within our research field, are constantly changing. We consider it necessary to assess the impact of these changes on the physical and mental health of workers. OBJECTIVE To assess how occupational health measures affect the health of workers, we conducted a baseline longitudinal Internet-based survey among Japanese workers in October 2021, and additionally scheduled two follow-up surveys for 2022 and 2023. METHODS This survey is a prospective cohort study conducted online among Internet monitors. The baseline survey was conducted from October 1 to 7, 2021. The study targeted those who were working and between the ages of 20 and 69 years. Regarding sampling plan, 5111 respondents who passed the screening survey and proceeded to the main survey were enrolled according to collection units organized by both sex and age group. For the screening and main surveys, the questionnaire consisted of 9 and 33 items, with 9 and 55 total number of questions, respectively. We performed consistency and completeness checks after the questionnaires were submitted. We compared the basic characteristics such as sex, age group, educational background, and marital status among all participants including withdrawal participants in the analysis. RESULTS Of the 5,111 initial survey respondents, 571 were regarded as fraudulent. The data of the remaining 4,540 participants (Male: 2273, Female:2267) included for analysis were well-balanced across participant gender and age group according to the sampling plan, because there was no significant difference by sex and age group using the chi-square test for checking the distribution bias of the participants (p=0.838). With compared to Female participants, male participants tended to be more likely to be managers and supervisors (Male:323, Female: 86), to work in a secondary industry (Male:742, Female: 357), and to have annual income ≥5 million yen (Male:976, Female:429). For the evaluation of a psychological indicator, Kessler 6 (K6), according to gender and age group, the characteristics of the score distribution of the included participants were similar to those reported in previous studies. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a protocol and an overview of the results of an Internet-based occupational health survey of workers. Using the results of this survey, we hope to evaluate the changes in occupational health activities and their impact on workers' health while controlling for the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Formulation of Measurement Sampling Plan for Small and Medium Batch Products in Supply Chain

The article studies the supply chain of suppliers and manufacturers, considering the overall benefits of the supply chain, the measurement sampling plan is the small batch sampling plan with the smallest amount of sampling and the strongest discriminative ability. If the quality characteristic data is a measurement value, and the inspection workload is large and the inspection cost is high, it is recommended to adopt the measurement sampling plan based on the Laplace distribution. On the premise of ensuring quality, try to reduce the number of inspected samples as much as possible to reduce the workload and cost of inspection.