Fast screening of aflatoxins in dairy cattle feeds with CE-LIF method combined with preconcentration technique of vortex assisted low density solvent-microextraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Gao ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Chengxin Wu ◽  
Fujiang Hou ◽  
Shenghua Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Fast Screening ◽  
Preconcentration Technique ◽  
Cattle Feeds

scholarly journals Hydrophobized Reversed-Phase Adsorbent for Protection of Dairy Cattle against Lipophilic Toxins from Diet. Efficiensy In Vitro and In Vivo

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Alexander Sotnichenko ◽  
Evgeny Pantsov ◽  
Dmitry Shinkarev ◽  
Victor Okhanov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Lipophilic Toxins ◽  
Cattle Feeds

The steady growth of inflammatory diseases of the udder in dairy cattle forces us to look for the causes of this phenomenon in the context of growing chemical pollution of the environment and feeds. Within the framework of this concept, an analysis was made of the polarity level of the three toxic impurity groups, which are commonly present in dairy cattle feeds. These impurities are presented by mycotoxins, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and persistent organic pollutants (POP). It has been determined that 46% of studied mycotoxins (n = 1500) and 100% of studied polyaromatic hydrocarbons (n = 45) and persistent organic pollutants (n = 55) are lipophilic compounds, prone to bioaccumulation. A comparative evaluation of the sorption capacity of four adsorbents of a different nature and polarity with respect to the simplest PAH, naphthalene and lipophilic estrogenic mycotoxin, zearalenone in vitro has been carried out. The highest efficiency in these experiments was demonstrated by the reversed-phase polyoctylated polysilicate hydrogel (POPSH). The use of POPSH in a herd of lactating cows significantly reduced the transfer of aldrin, dieldrin and heptachlor, typical POPs from the “dirty dozen”, to the milk. The relevance of protecting the main functional systems of animals from the damaging effects of lipophilic toxins from feeds using non-polar adsorbents, and the concept of evaluating the effectiveness of various feed adsorbents for dairy cattle by their influence on the somatic cell count in the collected milk are discussed.

MINERAL ANALYSES OF DAIRY CATTLE FEED IN THE UPPER FRASER VALLEY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. CATHCART ◽  
J. A. SHELFORD ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Cattle Feed ◽  
Cattle Feeds ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Fraser Valley ◽  
Mineral Analyses

Analyses of five macro-minerals and six trace minerals in dairy cattle feeds revealed higher iron, manganese and copper means and lower sulphur and selenium means than comparable reported values for most feed categories. Cattle fed mainly forages may not be receiving enough sulphur and selenium although copper levels appear to be adequate.

scholarly journals Common Hazards to Consider During Manufacturing of Feed for Beef and Dairy Cattle

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Langford ◽  
Matthew J. Hersom ◽  
Luiz Ferraretto ◽  
Antonio Faciola ◽  
Chad Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
Cattle Feeds ◽  
Animal Sciences

This 6-page document provides a list of common hazards to consider in the manufacturing of cattle feeds. It discusses the importance of preventing hazards, methods of prevention, and common physical, biological, and chemical hazards. Written by Taylor Langford, Matthew Hersom, Luiz Ferraretto, Antonio Faciola, Chad Carr, and Jason Scheffler, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Animal Sciences, March 2018.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/an343

scholarly journals Characterization of Particle Size Distribution of Plasma Lipoproteins in Dairy Cattle Using High-Resolution Polyacrylamide Electrophoresis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Jofree Duran ◽  
Jasmine Kannampuzha-Francis ◽  
Daryl Nydam ◽  
Erica Behling-Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle Size

Plasma lipoproteins play critical roles in energy metabolism and inflammation. Concentrations of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are linked to reproductive outcomes and milk yields in dairy cattle. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), which are enzymatically formed in the blood from very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) following secretion by the liver, have been used as a surrogate marker of liver function due to the rapid influx of circulating VLDL into the lactating mammary gland. In humans, the composition of plasma lipoproteins is reflected in lipoprotein particle size distribution, and both of these parameters are highly predictive of disease development and related health outcomes. Bovine HDL are overall larger, less dense particles compared to human HDL. Lipoprotein particle size distribution in both health and disease is understudied in the bovine. We hypothesize that a more detailed analysis of lipoproteins could hold diagnostic and/or prognostic value in the study of dairy cattle health and production. In this study, we took the first steps in this characterization and used a high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic assay to better define LDL and HDL at the subfraction level in Holstein cows at different stages of lactation. We extensively characterized the lipoprotein particle size distribution in healthy lactating dairy cattle. We identified subfractions of LDL that were prominent only in the dry period and subfractions of HDL that were highest in cows during mid-lactation. Use of this method could be informative in the study of multiple herds and management strategies, including longitudinal evaluation of animals and production parameters.

Transfer of Fallout Cesium-137 from Soil to Dairy Cattle Feeds

1966 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Johnson ◽  
Daniel W. Wilson ◽  
Willard L. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Cesium 137 ◽  
Cattle Feeds

Determination of Cesium-137 and Related Sampling Problems of Dairy Cattle Feeds, 1962-1967

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-796
Author(s):  
G M Ward ◽  
J E Johnson ◽  
D L Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Cesium 137 ◽  
Cattle Feeds ◽  
The University ◽  
Sampling Problems

Abstract Samples of feeds fed to dairy cattle on the university farm were analyzed from 1962 to 1967 for fallout 137Cs by means of gamma-ray spectrometry. Maximum levels were observed in first-cutting alfalfa hay in 1963 (3600 pc/kg).Second and third cuttings each year were lower by factors of two to six. Levels declined each year after 1963 to barely detectable levels in mid-1967. Pasture forage or green-cut alfalfa contained concentrations of 137Cs similar to hay with the same seasonal and yearly patterns. Corn silage contained levels similar to later cuttings of hay. Grain mixes contained levels which were lower than forages by a factor of 10 in 1962-1963 but approached equal levels in subsequent years. The results indicated that sampling was much more important than radiation counting in explaining variation between sampling. The levels of 137Cs found in the feeds was readily explained in terms of observed patterns of fallout during this period.

scholarly journals Testing different single nucleotide polymorphism selection strategies for prediction of genomic breeding values in dairy cattle based on low density panels

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szyda ◽  
K. Żukowski ◽  
S. Kamiński ◽  
A. Żarnecki
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Breeding Values

In human and animal genetics dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels are widely used to describe genetic variation. In particular genomic selection in dairy cattle has become a routinely applied tool for prediction of additive genetic values of animals, especially of young selection candidates. The aim of the study was to investigate how well an additive genetic value can be predicted using various sets of approximately 3000 SNPs selected out of the 54 001 SNPs in an Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip high density panel. Effects of SNPs from the nine subsets of the 54 001 panel were estimated using a model with a random uncorrelated SNPs effect based on a training data set of 1216 Polish Holstein-Friesian bulls whose phenotypic records were approximated by deregressed estimated breeding values for milk, protein, and fat yields. Predictive ability of the low density panels was assessed using a validation data set of 622 bulls. Correlations between direct and conventional breeding values routinely estimated for the Polish population were similar across traits and clearly across sets of SNPs. For the training data set correlations varied between 0.94 and 0.98, for the validation data set between 0.25 and 0.46. The corresponding correlations estimated using the 54 001 panel were: 0.98 for the three traits (training), 0.98 (milk and fat yields, validation), and 0.97 (protein yield, validation). The optimal subset consisted of SNPs selected based on their highest effects for milk yield obtained from the evaluation of all 54 001 SNPs. A low density SNP panel allows for reasonably good prediction of future breeding values. Even though correlations between direct and conventional breeding values were moderate, for young selection candidates a low density panel is a better predictor than a commonly used average of parental breeding values.

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