scholarly journals Physics-based simulation of spatiotemporal patterns of earthquakes in the Corinth Gulf fault system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Console ◽  
Roberto Carluccio ◽  
Maura Murru ◽  
Eleftheria E. Papadimitriou ◽  
Vassilis G. Karakostas
Keyword(s):  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Corinth Gulf ◽  
Physics Based Simulation

Physics-Based Simulation of Spatiotemporal Patterns of Earthquakes in the Corinth Gulf, Greece, Fault System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Console ◽  
Roberto Carluccio ◽  
Maura Murru ◽  
Eleftheria Papadimitriou ◽  
Vassilis Karakostas
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Spatial Relation ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Earthquake Catalog ◽  
Earthquake Simulation ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Corinth Gulf ◽  
Regional Seismicity ◽  
Physics Based Simulation

ABSTRACT A physics-based earthquake simulation algorithm for modeling the long-term spatiotemporal process of strong (M ≥ 6.0) earthquakes in Corinth Gulf area, Greece, is employed and its performance is explored. The underlying physical model includes the rate- and state-dependent frictional formulation, along with the slow tectonic loading and coseismic static stress transfer. The study area constitutes a rapidly extending rift about 100 km long, where the deformation is taken up by eight major fault segments aligned along its southern coastline, and which is associated with several strong (M ≥ 6.0) earthquakes in the last three centuries, since when the historical earthquake catalog is complete. The recurrence time of these earthquakes and their spatial relation are studied, and the simulator results reveal spatiotemporal properties of the regional seismicity such as pseudoperiodicity as well as multisegment ruptures of strong earthquakes. As the simulator algorithm allows the display of the stress pattern on all the single elements of the fault, we are focusing on the time evolution of the stress level before, during, and after these earthquakes occur. In this respect, the spatiotemporal variation of the stress and its heterogeneity appear to be correlated with the process of preparation of strong earthquakes in a quantitative way.

From Corinth gulf extension to Ionian subduction/collision (W. Greece): micro-seismicity survey to constrain local tectonics and regional geodynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine Lefils ◽  
Alexis Rigo ◽  
Efthimios Sokos
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Deformation Mode ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Corinth Gulf ◽  
National Network ◽  
The North ◽  
Gulf Of Corinth ◽  
Seismological Network

<p>The North-Eastern zone of the Gulf of Corinth in Greece is characterized by the rotation of a micro-plate in formation. The Island Akarnanian Block (IAB) have been progressively individualized since the Pleistocene (less than ~ 1.5 My ago). This micro-plate is the result of a larger-scale tectonic context with, on one side the N-S extension of the Gulf of Corinth to the East, and on the other side the Hellenic subduction to the South and the Apulian collision to the West. To the Northeast, the IAB micro-plate is bounded by a large North-South sinistral strike-slip fault system, the Katouna-Stamna Fault (KSF) and by several normal faults. To the North, normal faults reach the limit between Apulian and Eurasian plates and to the East, they form the East-West graben of Trichonis lake.</p><p>Although the structures and dynamics behind the Gulf of Corinth extension are today relatively known, nevertheless, the set of faults linking the Gulf of Corinth to the Western subduction structures remain poorly studied. The seismicity recorded by the Greek national network shows discrepancies regarding to the faults mapped on the surface.</p><p>At the end of 2015, a new micro-seismicity campaign started with the deployment of a temporary seismological network in an area ranging from the Gulf of Patras to the Amvrakikos Gulf toward the North. This network includes 17 seismic stations, recording continuously, added to the permanent stations of the Corinth Rift Laboratory (CRL) and of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN).</p><p>The analysis of the seismological records is still in process for the 2016 and 2017 years. Our study consists first in picking the <em>P</em>- and <em>S</em>- waves, and then to precisely localize the seismic events recorded by our temporary seismological network combined with the permanent ones. We will present here the event location map obtained for the 2016-2017 period, a new seismic velocity model, and focal mechanisms. The seismic activity including thousands of events, is characterized by the presence of numerous clusters of few days to few weeks duration. The clusters are analysed in detail by relative relocations in order to appraise their physical processes and their implications in the fault activity. We will discuss the deformation mode of the region and build a seismotectonic model consistent with the regional geodynamics and observations.</p>

Synthetic earthquake catalogs simulating seismic activity in the Corinth Gulf, Greece, fault system

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Console ◽  
Roberto Carluccio ◽  
Eleftheria Papadimitriou ◽  
Vassilis Karakostas
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Earthquake Catalogs ◽  
Corinth Gulf

scholarly journals Renewal models and coseismic stress transfer in the Corinth Gulf, Greece, fault system

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 3655-3673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Console ◽  
Giuseppe Falcone ◽  
Vassilis Karakostas ◽  
Maura Murru ◽  
Eleftheria Papadimitriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Corinth Gulf ◽  
Renewal Models

Complex spatiotemporal patterns of intracontinental earthquakes: a different game

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Liu ◽  
Yuxuan Chen ◽  
Seth Stein ◽  
Gang Luo ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Local Stress ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Fault Interaction ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Tectonic Loading ◽  
Earthquake Models

<p>Intracontinental earthquakes show complex spatiotemporal patterns. In North China, no large (M>7) earthquakes ruptured the same fault segments in the past 2000 years; instead they roamed among widespread fault systems. In Australia, morphogenic evidence indicates clusters of earthquakes separated by tens of thousands of years of dormancy. In central and eastern United States, paleoseismic studies suggest that large Holocene earthquakes occurred in places that are seismically inactive today. Such seismicity does not fit existing earthquake models that assume steady tectonic loading and cyclic stress release on fault planes. Intracontinental fault systems are widespread and collectively accommodate slow tectonic loading. A major fault rupture both transfers stress to the neighboring faults and perturbs loading conditions on distant faults. Thus, the loading rate on each individual fault can be variable. Slow tectonic loading means that local stress variations from fault interaction or nontectonic processes, or changes of fault strength, could trigger an earthquake. Furthermore, large intracontinental earthquakes usually rupture multiple fault segments or faults, which vary for each event. For these earthquakes, commonly used concepts such as recurrence intervals and characteristic earthquakes, all based on earthquake models assuming cyclic elastic rebound, are inadequate or inapplicable. On the other hand, the general patterns of intracontinental earthquakes can be described by the theory of complex dynamic systems, in which all faults interact with each other. The rupture of individual fault or fault segment cannot be predetermined, but the system behavior can be studied based on the records of previous events. We found that large intracontinental earthquakes, either on a fault system or in a region, are usually clustered and separated by long but variable periods of quiescence. The lengths of the quiescence periods inversely correlate with tectonic loading rates, and the characteristics of earthquake clusters depend on fault geometry and crustal rheology, through fault interaction and viscoelastic relaxation. Spatially, large intracontinental earthquakes are not limited to faults that are active recently, although weak regions tend to have more earthquakes. Intracontinental earthquakes require a different approach, one that focuses on stress interactions between faults in a complex dynamic system rather than stress accumulation and release on individual faults.</p>

scholarly journals The Aigion-Neos Erineos coastal normal fault system (western Corinth Gulf Rift, Greece): Geomorphological signature, recent earthquake history, and evolution

2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (B9) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Palyvos ◽  
D. Pantosti ◽  
P. M. De Martini ◽  
F. Lemeille ◽  
D. Sorel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Corinth Gulf

Spatiotemporal patterns of distributed slip in southern Owens Valley indicated by deformation of late Pleistocene shorelines, eastern California

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1681-1703
Author(s):  
Steven N. Bacon ◽  
Thomas F. Bullard ◽  
Amanda K. Keen-Zebert ◽  
Angela S. Jayko ◽  
David L. Decker
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Extension Rate ◽  
Owens Valley ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
South Central

Abstract High-resolution elevation surveys of deformed late Pleistocene shorelines and new luminescence dating provide improved constraints on spatiotemporal patterns of distributed slip between normal and strike-slip faulting in southern Owens Valley, eastern California. A complex array of five subparallel faults, including the normal Sierra Nevada frontal fault and the oblique-normal Owens Valley fault, collectively form an active pull-apart basin that has developed within a dextral transtensional shear zone. Spatiotemporal patterns of slip are constrained by post–IR-IRSL (post-infrared–infrared stimulated luminescence) dating of a 40.0 ± 5.8 ka highstand beach ridge that is vertically faulted and tilted up to 9.8 ± 1.8 m and an undeformed suite of 11–16 ka beach ridges. The tectono-geomorphic record of deformed beach ridges and alluvial fans indicates that both normal and dextral faulting occurred between the period of ca. 16 and 40 ka, whereas dextral faulting has been the predominant style of slip since ca. 16 ka. A total extension rate of 0.7 ± 0.2 mm/yr resolved in the N72°E direction across all faults in Owens Lake basin is within error of geodetic estimates, suggesting extension has been constant during intervals of 101–104 yr. A new vertical slip rate of 0.13 ± 0.04 m/k.y. on the southern Owens Valley fault from deformed 160 ± 32 ka shoreline features also suggests constant slip for intervals up to 105 yr when compared to paleoseismic vertical slip rates from the same fault segment. This record supports a deformation mechanism characterized by steady slip and long interseismic periods of 8–10 k.y. where the south-central Owens Valley fault and Sierra Nevada frontal fault form a parallel fault system.

scholarly journals SIMULATIONS OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN THE CORINTH GULF, GREECE, FAULT SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1319
Author(s):  
R. Console ◽  
R. Carluccio ◽  
E. Papadimitriou ◽  
V. Karakostas
Keyword(s):  
Slip Rate ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Simulation Algorithm ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Corinth Gulf ◽  
Magnitude Distribution ◽  
Earthquake Sources ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Physical Elements

The characteristic earthquake hypothesis is not strongly supported by observational data because of the relatively short duration of historical and even paleoseismological records. For instance, for the Corinth Gulf Fault System (CGFS), historical information on strong earthquakes exist for at least two thousand years, but they can be considered complete for M > 6.0 only for the latest 300 years, and therefore only few characteristic earthquakes are reported for individual fault segments. The use of a physics-based earthquake simulator has allowed the production of catalogues lasting 100,000 years and containing more than 500,000 events of magnitudes > 4.0. Our simulation algorithm is based on several physical elements, such as an average slip rate due to tectonic loading for every single segment in the investigated fault system, the process of rupture growth and termination, and interaction between earthquake sources, including small magnitude events. The application of our simulation algorithm to the CGFS provided realistic features in time, space and magnitude behaviour of the seismicity. These features include longterm periodicity of strong earthquakes, short-term clustering of both strong and smaller events, and a realistic earthquake magnitude distribution departing from the Gutenberg-Richter distribution in the moderate and higher magnitude range.

SEM study of quartz grains from recent sediments: Western Iraq

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
F. Al-Kufaishi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Loading ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Recent Sediments ◽  
Quartz Grains ◽  
Positive Factor

Two localities (Al-Marij and Laik) were selected to investigate the type of Quartz Grains from crustal material formed by evaporation of waters discharged by springs in Hit area, western Iraq, Previous studies on the crustal material (1,2) showed that the water discharged by these springs are associated with Abu-Jir fault system which run parallel to the Euphrates river,Factor analyses of the crustal and soil materials (50 samples analysed for 16 variables)(2) showed five factors; the first factor includes SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 with positive factor loading, and CaO, L.O.I. with negative loading and hence lead to the conclusion that the distribution of these variables is a reflection of transported clay material.This study concentrates on the use of SEM to investigate the contribution of Quartz grains found in the crustal material on two selected sites.

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