Mapping of road-salt-contaminated groundwater discharge and estimation of chloride load to a small stream in southern New Hampshire, USA

2010 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T. Harte ◽  
Philip R. Trowbridge
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Road Salt ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Small Stream

Delineating a road-salt plume in lakebed sediments using electrical resistivity, piezometers, and seepage meters at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A

Geophysics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. WA75-WA83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Toran ◽  
Melanie Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Nyquist ◽  
Donald Rosenberry
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Road Salt ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Inlet Stream ◽  
Seepage Meters ◽  
Mirror Lake ◽  
Seepage Meter

Electrical-resistivity surveys, seepage meter measurements, and drive-point piezometers have been used to characterize chloride-enriched groundwater in lakebed sediments of Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A. A combination of bottom-cable and floating-cable electrical-resistivity surveys identified a conductive zone [Formula: see text] overlying resistive bedrock [Formula: see text] beneath the lake. Shallow pore-water samples from piezometers in lakebed sediments have chloride concentrations of [Formula: see text], and lake water has a chloride concentration of [Formula: see text]. The extent of the plume was estimated and mapped using resistivity and water-sample data. The plume ([Formula: see text] wide and at least [Formula: see text] thick) extends nearly the full length and width of a small inlet, overlying the top of a basin formed by the bedrock. It would not have been possible to mapthe plume’s shape without the resistivity surveys because wells provided only limited coverage. Seepage meters were installed approximately [Formula: see text] from the mouth of a small stream discharging at the head of the inlet in an area where the resistivity data indicated lake sediments are thin. These meters recorded in-seepage of chloride-enriched groundwater at rates similar to those observed closer to shore, which was unexpected because seepage usually declines away from shore. Although the concentration of road salt in the northeast inlet stream is declining, the plume map and seepage data indicate the groundwater contribution of road salt to the lake is not declining. The findings demonstrate the benefit of combining geophysical and hydrologic data to characterize discharge of a plume beneath Mirror Lake. The extent of the plume in groundwater beneath the lake and stream indicate there will likely be a long-term source of chloride to the lake from groundwater.

Relating Road Salt to Exceedances of the Water Quality Standard for Chloride in New Hampshire Streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 4903-4909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. Trowbridge ◽  
J. Steve Kahl ◽  
Dari A. Sassan ◽  
Douglas L. Heath ◽  
Edward M. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Road Salt ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Water Quality Standard

scholarly journals Seasonal and Spatial Variation in the Location and Reactivity of a Nitrate‐Contaminated Groundwater Discharge Zone in a Lakebed

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 2186-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Smith ◽  
Deborah A. Repert ◽  
Deborah L. Stoliker ◽  
Douglas B. Kent ◽  
Bongkeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater

Identification of Groundwater Discharge Zones in a Reach of Hillman Creek in Southern Ontario

1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Robert Lee ◽  
H.B.N. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Specific Conductance ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Seepage Rate ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Seepage Meters ◽  
Seepage Meter ◽  
Chemical Inputs

Abstract Several new techniques were used to identify zones of groundwater and contaminant inflow to the headwaters area of a small stream draining an agricultural watershed in southwestern Ontario. Along a 3 km length of stream, seepage meters were used to measure and collect seepage flux and mini-piezometers were used to measure piezometric head relative to the stream and to collect pore water 0.6 m below the streambed. Measurement of seepage flux at 43 locations along a 3 km segment of Hillman Creek showed that most of the study section was a groundwater discharge zone. Spatial differences in seepage flux ranged from less than 0.001 to nearly 9 cm m s 1. During the growing season there was a marked diurnal change in seepage rate at several locations and this was also reflected by a corresponding change in stream discharge. Paired samples, one from a piezometer 0.6 m below streambed and one from the adjacent seepage meter, were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with respect to specific conductance, chloride and inorganic carbon concentration. This suggested that in many instances site-specific estimates of chemical inputs from groundwater to surface water can be estimated quickly without the necessity of allowing natural groundwater flow to flush out the water initially trapped within the seepage container. Seepage meters can be used to measure seepage flux and the small piezometers can be used to obtain samples. The concentrations of non-conservative solutes (organic carbon, nitrate + nitrite nitrogen, and phospate) in seepage meter samples were not significantly correlated with the concentrations in corresponding mini-piezometer samples.

Malpractice & Negligence: State Supreme Courts Limit Therapists’ Duties to Third Parties

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Megan Cleary
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
State Supreme Courts ◽  
Recovered Memories ◽  
Supreme Courts ◽  
Repressed Memory ◽  
University Of Colorado

In recent years, the law in the area of recovered memories in child sexual abuse cases has developed rapidly. See J.K. Murray, “Repression, Memory & Suggestibility: A Call for Limitations on the Admissibility of Repressed Memory Testimony in Abuse Trials,” University of Colorado Law Review, 66 (1995): 477-522, at 479. Three cases have defined the scope of liability to third parties. The cases, decided within six months of each other, all involved lawsuits by third parties against therapists, based on treatment in which the patients recovered memories of sexual abuse. The New Hampshire Supreme Court, in Hungerford v. Jones, 722 A.2d 478 (N.H. 1998), allowed such a claim to survive, while the supreme courts in Iowa, in J.A.H. v. Wadle & Associates, 589 N.W.2d 256 (Iowa 1999), and California, in Eear v. Sills, 82 Cal. Rptr. 281 (1991), rejected lawsuits brought by nonpatients for professional liability.

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