scholarly journals Back Cover: In-vitro analysis of early calcification in aortic valvular interstitial cells using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) (J. Biophotonics 1/2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e201870126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Ali Davari ◽  
Shirin Masjedi ◽  
Zannatul Ferdous ◽  
Dibyendu Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Valvular Interstitial Cells ◽  
Back Cover ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

scholarly journals Feasibility Study on Discrimination of Neo-plastic and Non-Neoplastic Gastric Tissues Using Spark Discharge Assisted Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Seifalinezhad ◽  
Maryam Bahreini ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Hassani Matin ◽  
Seyed Hassan Tavassoli
Keyword(s):  
Light Emission ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Spark Discharge ◽  
Plasma Radiation ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Introduction: The present work is a novel in vitro study that evaluated the possibility of diagnosing neoplastic from nonneoplastic gastric tissues using spark discharge assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (SD-LIBS) method. Methods: In these experiments, the low energy laser pulses ablated a tiny amount of tissue surface leading to plasma formation. Then, a spark discharge was applied to plasma in order to intensify the plasma radiation. Light emission from plasma was recorded as spectra which were analyzed. Gastric tissues of 5 people were studied through this method. Results: The SD-LIBS technique had the potential to discriminate normal and cancerous tissues based on the significant differences in the intensities of some particular elements. The comparison of normalized calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) peaks of neoplastic and nonneoplastic gastric tissues could be viewed as a practical measure for tissue discrimination since Ca and Mg peaks in spectra of neoplastic were noticeably higher than nonneoplastic. Conclusion: Considering the identification of gastric cancer, the applied method in these experiments seems quite fast, noninvasive and cost-effective with respect to other conventional methods. The significant increment of specific Ca and Mg lines of neoplastic gastric tissues in comparison to the nonneoplastic ones can be considered as valuable information that might bring about tissue classification. The number of samples in this work, however, was not sufficient for a decisive conclusion and further researches is needed to generalize this idea.

scholarly journals Bactericidal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract and Its Elemental Analysis Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Reem K. Aldakheel ◽  
Suriya Rehman ◽  
Munirah A. Almessiere ◽  
Firdos A. Khan ◽  
Mohammed A. Gondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

In the current study, we present the correlation between the capability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to monitor the elemental compositions of plants and their biological effects. The selected plant, Moringa oleifera, is known to harbor various minerals and vitamins useful for human health and is a potential source for pharmaceutical interventions. From this standpoint, we assessed the antibacterial and in vitro cytotoxicity of the bioactive components present in Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) extract. Detailed elemental analyses of pellets of MOSs were performed via LIBS. Furthermore, the LIBS outcome was validated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The LIBS signal was recorded, and the presence of the essential elements (Na, Ca, Se, K, Mg, Zn, P, S, Fe and Mn) in the MOSs were examined. The bactericidal efficacy of the alcoholic MOS extract was examined against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) by agar well diffusion (AWD) assays and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which depicted greater inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria. The validity and DNA nuclear morphology of human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) cells were evaluated via an MTT assay and DAPI staining. The MTT assay results manifested a profoundly inhibitory action of MOS extract on HCT116 cell growth. Additionally, MOS extracts produced inhibitory action in colon cancer cells (HCT-116), whereas no inhibitory action was seen using the same concentrations of MOS extract on HEK-293 cells (non-cancerous cells), suggesting that MOS extracts could be non-cytotoxic to normal cells. The antibacterial and anticancer potency of these MOS extracts could be due to the presence of various bioactive chemical complexes, such as ethyl ester and D-allose and hexadecenoic, oleic and palmitic acids, making them an ideal candidate for pharmaceutical research and applications.

The native structure of the eukaryotic ribosome

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
R.A. Milligan ◽  
P.N.T. Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Native Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Eukaryotic Ribosome ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis ◽  
Resolution Structure ◽  
Stable Unit

A detailed understanding of the mechanism of protein synthesis will ultimately depend on knowledge of the native structure of the ribosome. Towards this end we have investigated the low resolution structure of the eukaryotic ribosome embedded in frozen buffer, making use of a system in which the ribosomes crystallize naturally.The ribosomes in the cells of early chicken embryos form crystalline arrays when the embryos are cooled at 4°C. We have developed methods to isolate the stable unit of these arrays, the ribosome tetramer, and have determined conditions for the growth of two-dimensional crystals in vitro, Analysis of the proteins in the crystals by 2-D gel electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of all ribosomal proteins normally found in polysomes. There are in addition, four proteins which may facilitate crystallization. The crystals are built from two oppositely facing P4 layers and the predominant crystal form, accounting for >80% of the crystals, has the tetragonal space group P4212, X-ray diffraction of crystal pellets demonstrates that crystalline order extends to ~ 60Å.

1163: Radial Dilation of Ureteral Balloons: A Comparative in-Vitro Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 315-316
Author(s):  
Kari Hendlin ◽  
Brynn Lund ◽  
Manoj Monga
Keyword(s):  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Nanosecond laser-induced breakdown assisted by femtosecond laser pre-ionization in air: the effect on spatial resolution and continuous radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 20701
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Zhifeng Zhu ◽  
Qiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Breakdown Threshold ◽  
Powerful Technique ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Continuous Radiation ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a powerful technique for quantitative diagnostics of gases. The spatial resolution of LIBS, however, is limited by the volume of plasma. Here femtosecond-nanosecond dual-pulsed LIBS was demonstrated. Using this method, the breakdown threshold was reduced by 80%, and decay of continuous radiation was shortened. In addition, the volume of the plasma was shrunk by 85% and hence, the spatial resolution of LIBS was significantly improved.

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