Micro gasometric determination of oxygen in fish blood

1956 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Scholander ◽  
L. van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Fish Blood

DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSE IN FISH BLOOD: A MODIFICATION OF THE FOLIN–MALMROS MICROPROCEDURE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1121-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard R. Murrell ◽  
Paul F. Nace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Tungstic Acid ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Colorimetric Measurement ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Fish Blood

A modification of the Folin–Malmros micromethod is described for the determination of fish blood glucose. A more efficient separation of blood proteins is obtained by precipitating 0.1 ml blood in 10.0 ml tungstic acid. This is followed by hot alkaline reduction of ferricyanide, and colorimetric measurement of a Prussian blue – sodium lauryl sulphate suspension. The method, which eliminates certain difficulties found in other procedures, has been successfully applied in more than a thousand analyses of blood from two species of fish (Opsanus and Ictalurus) having glucose concentrations between 15 and 250 mg per cent.

Leucocrit: A Simple Hematological Technique for Measuring Acute Stress in Salmonid Fish, Including Stressful Concentrations of Pulpmill Effluent

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2156-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. McLeay ◽  
Michael R. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Salmonid Fish ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Food Ration ◽  
Fish Blood ◽  
Effluent Exposure ◽  
Stock Values

The number of leucocytes and thrombocytes in the circulating blood of fishes seems to reflect more accurately than the number of erythrocytes the fish's reaction to acute stress, including that caused by pollution. To facilitate the estimation of leucocytes in fish blood, a new test is being introduced called leucocrit, which is based on the determination of the volume of packed leucocytes–thrombocytes expressed as a percentage of the whole blood. For stocks of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) held in freshwater under a variety of conditions, mean leucocrit values varied from 0.55 to 1.91%. Variations in age, species, food ration, degree of crowding, and prior disturbances offish stocks were associated with these differences. Leucocrit and leucocyte–thrombocyte counts for both species were depressed from stock values after 96-h or shorter (rainbow) exposure to stressful (high-temperature crowded) conditions; values for these measures were positively correlated but uncorrected with hematocrit values. Hematological values for subpopulations of underyearling rainbow trout reared under summer or winter photoperiod conditions were unaffected by photoperiod and responded similarly to acute stress. Leucocrit values for stocks of coho (1.30 ± 0.27%) and rainbow (0.92 ± 0.12%) were depressed due to transfer or acute exposure to bleached kraft pulpmill effluent (BKME). A 24-h exposure to BKME after 2 days' acclimation caused consistent leucocrit depressions, with median effective concentrations of 0.28 of the 96-h LC50 value for coho and 0.16 LC50 for rainbow. Hematocrit showed less sensitive or consistent changes due to stress or effluent exposure than leucocrit. Key words: leucocrit, leucocyte–thrombocyte count, hematocrit, blood, acute stress, BKME, pulpmill effluent, sublethal, salmonid fish, applications

DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSE IN FISH BLOOD: A MODIFICATION OF THE FOLIN–MALMROS MICROPROCEDURE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1121-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard R. Murrell ◽  
Paul F. Nace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Tungstic Acid ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Colorimetric Measurement ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Fish Blood

A modification of the Folin–Malmros micromethod is described for the determination of fish blood glucose. A more efficient separation of blood proteins is obtained by precipitating 0.1 ml blood in 10.0 ml tungstic acid. This is followed by hot alkaline reduction of ferricyanide, and colorimetric measurement of a Prussian blue – sodium lauryl sulphate suspension. The method, which eliminates certain difficulties found in other procedures, has been successfully applied in more than a thousand analyses of blood from two species of fish (Opsanus and Ictalurus) having glucose concentrations between 15 and 250 mg per cent.

Galactic orbits of stars

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Richard Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
The Galaxy

It is now possible to determine proper motions of high-velocity objects in such a way as to obtain with some accuracy the velocity vector relevant to the Sun. If a potential field of the Galaxy is assumed, one can compute an actual orbit. A determination of the velocity of the globular clusterωCentauri has recently been completed at Greenwich, and it is found that the orbit is strongly retrograde in the Galaxy. Similar calculations may be made, though with less certainty, in the case of RR Lyrae variable stars.

Distance to SN 1987A and the LMC

1999 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Nino Panagia
Keyword(s):  
Angular Size ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Distance Modulus ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
Sn 1987A

Using the new reductions of the IUE light curves by Sonneborn et al. (1997) and an extensive set of HST images of SN 1987A we have repeated and improved Panagia et al. (1991) analysis to obtain a better determination of the distance to the supernova. In this way we have derived an absolute size of the ringRabs= (6.23 ± 0.08) x 1017cm and an angular sizeR″ = 808 ± 17 mas, which give a distance to the supernovad(SN1987A) = 51.4 ± 1.2 kpc and a distance modulusm–M(SN1987A) = 18.55 ± 0.05. Allowing for a displacement of SN 1987A position relative to the LMC center, the distance to the barycenter of the Large Magellanic Cloud is also estimated to bed(LMC) = 52.0±1.3 kpc, which corresponds to a distance modulus ofm–M(LMC) = 18.58±0.05.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

Time and Latitude in South Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J. Hers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Astronomical Determination ◽  
Limited Accuracy ◽  
Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

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