fish blood
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2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022062
Author(s):  
A Vojkina ◽  
L Bugayov ◽  
V Belousov ◽  
V Licovskaya ◽  
O Kirishenko

Abstract Four samples of Rutilus rutilus collected in various water bodies of the Azov Sea Basin have been investigated. Individuals were examined during their spawning migration in the spring season of 2021. The differences in some physiological and biochemical parameters between the studied samples were considered. It has been found that the content of lipids in the sexual products of males was higher than in the gonads of females, and the protein was lower. Biochemical analysis of fish blood serum showed differences in the level of albumin between females and males and in the amount of triglycerides in the individuals from different fishing sites. In the liver of the fish from the Vostochno-Akhtarskoe (East Akhtarsk) Hatchery, a low activity of all investigated enzymes of the antioxidant system has been recorded.


Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Reda Hassanine ◽  
Zaki Al-Hasawi

Toxic metal pollutants in aquatic environments and infestationwith intestinal helminths adversely affect the fish health, as well as fish consumers. Acanthocephalan worms in fish intestine have a high potential to absorb and bioaccumulate different heavy metals, especially toxic ones, from the intestine via their tegument with greater efficiency than the fish intestinal wall. Herein, 47 specimens of the fish Siganusrivulatus were trapped in the Red Sea, Egypt, from a chronically polluted bay. All were intoxicatedwith Cd and Pb; 20 (42.5%) were uninfected with any intestinal worm, but the other 27 (57.5%) were infected only by the intestinal acanthocephalan Sclerocollum rubrimaris. The number of individual worms in a fish host (infrapopulation size) ranged from 32 to 236. As a reference group, 22 uncontaminated–uninfected specimens of S. rivulatus were trapped from a small unpolluted bay. Our results revealed that infection with acanthocephalans alleviatesthe harmful effectsof toxic metalson their fish hosts by: (1) lowering the elevated concentrations of both Cd and Pb in fish liver; (2) lowering the elevated levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT), glucose, triglycerides, and urea in fish blood serum; and (3) raising the declined levels of total protein and albumin in fish blood serum. All of these were dependent on S. rubrimaris infrapopulation size in fish intestine.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Е. L. Liberman

The purpose of the research is study of four fish species infected with haematophagous parasites in the rivers of the Lower Irtysh basin. Materials and methods. The work was performed in the rivers of the Lower Irtysh basin in 2017–2020. A total of 390 fish of different sex and age were examined including 47 roach (Rutilus rutilus lacustris, (Pallas)), 41 ide (Leuciscus idus, (Linnaeus, 1758)), 47 pike (Esox lucius, (Linnaeus, 1758)) and 255 Siberian sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus marsiglii (Brandt, 1833)). We took blood from the tail artery, and examined its fresh drop under a microscope, and prepared a thin smear, then dried it in the air and fixed in a mixture of 70% ethyl alcohol and diethyl ether (1 : 1) for 30 minutes. The fixed smears were dried in the air at room temperature and stained with azure and eosin at a dilution of 1 : 10 for 40 minutes. We identified species of the found parasites and calculated the prevalence of infection with standard error of the mean.Results and discussion. We found representatives of the Coccidea and Kinetoplastea classes parasitizing in fish blood. Trypanoplasma acipenseris and Haemogregarina acipenseris were recorded in the Siberian sterlet. The pike was infected with T. schulmani and H. esoci. T. schulmani was found in the blood of the ide and roach. Piscicola geometra is the main host of flagellates and sporozoans that parasitize in fish blood in the basin of the Lower Irtysh. The roach and the Siberian sterlet become infected with parasitic flagellates from the age of 1+. All examined fish were infected in age groups 2+ – 4+. Haemogregarina parasitize in the pike aged 4+ and 5+, and in the Siberian sterlet aged 1+ – 4+ and 6+ – 7+.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucena Rocha Virgilio ◽  
Gabriele Oliveira Texeira ◽  
Henrique Paulo Silva De Melo ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Prolo Junior ◽  
Ricardo Massato Takemoto ◽  
...  

Abstract Trypanosoma is a hemoflagellate capable of infecting a wide variety of invertebrates and vertebrates, such as Neotropical freshwater fish. Thus, the present study described and morphologically compared Trypanosoma sp., found in Platydoras armatulus, Valenciennes, 1840, in southwestern Amazon. A sampling of fish specimens was carried out in a river located in Guajará, Amazonas, Brazil. Fish blood samples were collected through a cardiac puncture. Thus, smears were made for quantification, morphometric measurements, and morphotyping of trypanosomes found. Prevalence, mean abundance, and intensity of parasitism were estimated in the specimens of parasitized fish. Five fish specimens were collected, showing a 100% prevalence of parasites in the host. We found two Trypanosoma morphotypes, A and B, in which A had the highest infection intensity in host specimens. Thus, the present study showed the first report of Trypanosoma spp. in P. armatulus, besides the probability of two parasitic morphospecies in the blood of these fish specimens.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Seibel ◽  
Björn Baßmann ◽  
Alexander Rebl

Blood analyses provide substantial information about the physiological aspects of animal welfare assessment, including the activation status of the neuroendocrine and immune system, acute and long-term impacts due to adverse husbandry conditions, potential diseases, and genetic predispositions. However, fish blood is still not routinely analyzed in research or aquaculture for the assessment of health and/or welfare. Over the years, the investigative techniques have evolved from antibody-based or PCR-based single-parameter analyses to now include transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic approaches and from hematological observations to fluorescence-activated blood cell sorting in high-throughput modes. The range of testing techniques established for blood is now broader than for any other biogenic test material. Evaluation of the particular characteristics of fish blood, such as its cell composition, the nucleation of distinct blood cells, or the multiple isoforms of certain immune factors, requires adapted protocols and careful attention to the experimental designs and interpretation of the data. Analyses of fish blood can provide an integrated picture of the endocrine, immunological, reproductive, and genetic functions under defined environmental conditions and treatments. Therefore, the scarcity of high-throughput approaches using fish blood as a test material for fish physiology studies is surprising. This review summarizes the wide range of techniques that allow monitoring of informative fish blood parameters that are modulated by different stressors, conditions, and/or treatments. We provide a compact overview of several simple plasma tests and of multiparametric analyses of fish blood, and we discuss their potential use in the assessment of fish welfare and pathologies.


Conjecturas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Lucena Virgilio ◽  
Gabriele Teixeira ◽  
Lorrana Almeida ◽  
Henrique Melo ◽  
Sergio Prolo ◽  
...  

The presence of trypanosomatids in fish is well known and can occur in many fish species worldwide. In this sense, this study aims to report the occurrence of Trypanosoma sp. in four species of the Loricariidae family in the western Amazon, as well as the morphology of these hemoparasites. The fish were collected in three sub-basins of the states of Acre and Amazonas, Brazil. Fish blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture, with smears made for quantification, morphometric measurements, and morphotyping of the trypanosomes found. We estimated the prevalence and parasitism density data. The morphometric variables of Trypanosoma sp. were subjected to analysis of variance. We found new reports of Trypanosoma distribution and occurrence in Loricariidae species for western Amazonia. The examined fish showed infection by more than one Trypanosoma spp. morphotype A has been identified infecting Loricariichthys anus, Sturisoma cf. robustum, and Loricaria cataphracta, morphotype B occurred in all fish species, and morphotypes C, D, and E occurred only in Loricaria sp. There was a significant difference between the morphotypes according to the morphometric parameters. Thus, this study significantly clarified the morphological variation, distribution, and diversity of Trypanosoma hosts.


2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nycolas LEVY-PEREIRA ◽  
◽  
Ricardo Luiz Moro de SOUSA ◽  
Roberson SAKABE ◽  
Fernanda de Alexandre SEBASTIÃO ◽  
...  

In the present experiment, the effects of mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on health and growth of Nile tilapia juveniles were investigated. In addition to the control treatment (without MOS),three levels of MOS were included in Nile tilapia diets (1, 8, and 15 g kg−1), and hematology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lysozyme and productive parameters were analyzed. Fish blood was sampled at day zero (basal sample) and after 60 days of trial, and the productive parameters were evaluated at the end of the experiment. MOS feeding decreased the feed consumption (p = 0.0299) in fish fed with 1 and 8 g kg-1, but without any alteration in weight gain (WG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). No changes were observed in the hematology due to MOS feeding after 60 days. However, the prebiotic caused changes in the innate immunity of fish, giving rise to ROS production in fish fed with 1 g kg-1 (p<0.0001) and decreasing the serum lysozyme activity of fish fed with 15 g kg-1 (p<0.0001). In conclusion, the authors recommend the inclusion of 1 g kg-1 for Nile tilapia juveniles feeding due to the positive effect in innate immune system.


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