Evaluating the role of zinc in the occurrence of fibrosis of the skin: A preclinical study

Lupus or systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease with systemic inflammation manifestations mainly in targeted organs. The appropriate animal model for lupus is necessary. The induction method by using 2,6,10,14 tetramethylpentadecane (TMPD) reveals more complex manifestations than other hydrocarbons. However, the autophagy of macrophages as an effect of TMPD makes differences to make the decision in lupus biomarker as a targeted therapy in lupus arthritis. Thus, this research focused on the role of CD68+IL-6 produced by macrophages and total IL-6 in lupus in correlation to the arthritis severity. The naïve and TMPD-treated groups (n=3) were induced by means of 0.5 ml TMPD i.p. After 6 months, the mice were sacrificed then the fresh spleens were prepared as isolated cells to be measured by using flow cytometry method. The knee joints were prepared for histology observation. The statistical analysis was performed by using T-test SPSS 22 version. The results showed the relative percentage of CD68+IL-6+ in the TMPD-treated group increased significantly (P<0.05) with the value of 62.38±9.97 %, compared to naïve group 49.70±2.34 %. Moreover, the total IL-6 did not increase significantly (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the arthritis severity score of the TMPD-treated group revealed severe erosion with the grade of 3.7±1.06, higher significantly (P<0.05) than the naïve group (0.5±0.71). The joint spaces in both groups were not significantly different. Finally, the observations gave the clear information that despite the autophagy potency, the CD68+IL-6 and the arthritis severity score were good markers in lupus preclinical study. Keywords: CD68+IL-6; inflammation; lupus arthritis; TMPD

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Copper-64 Dichloride as Theranostic Agent for Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Preclinical Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/129764 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Cristina Ferrari ◽

Artor Niccoli Asabella ◽

Carlo Villano ◽

Beatrice Giacobbi ◽

Daniela Coccetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽

Small Animal ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

Small Animal Pet ◽

Theranostic Agent ◽

Biodistribution Data ◽

Tumor Mouse Model ◽

One Year ◽

Cancerous Cells

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a median survival time less than one year. To date, there are only a limited number of effective agents available for GBM therapy and this does not seem to add much survival advantage over the conventional approach based on surgery and radiotherapy. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic approaches to GBM is essential and those based on radionuclide therapy could be of significant clinical impact. Experimental evidence has clearly demonstrated that cancer cells have a particularly high fractional content of copper inside the nucleus compared to normal cells. This behavior can be conveniently exploited both for diagnosis and for delivering therapeutic payloads (theranostic) of the radionuclide copper-64 into the nucleus of cancerous cells by intravenous administration of its simplest chemical form as dichloride salt [64Cu]CuCl2. To evaluate the potential theranostic role of [64Cu]CuCl2in GBM, the present work reports results from a preclinical study carried out in a xenografted GBM tumor mouse model. Biodistribution data of this new agent were collected using a small-animal PET tomograph. Subsequently, groups of tumor implanted nude mice were treated with [64Cu]CuCl2to simulate single- and multiple-dose therapy protocols, and results were analyzed to estimate therapeutic efficacy.

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Understanding the role of mesenchymal stem cells in urinary bladder regeneration—a preclinical study on a porcine model

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-018-1070-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marta Pokrywczynska ◽

Arkadiusz Jundzill ◽

Marta Rasmus ◽

Jan Adamowicz ◽

Daria Balcerczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Porcine Model ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

Bladder Regeneration

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A Preclinical study of role of Arishta Namak Dhoop in immunosupressed diseases

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol01-i01/05 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Kiran Mendhekar ◽

Dr. Shrikant V. Kashikar sir

Keyword(s):

Preclinical Study ◽

Treatment Modalities

Ayurveda is a science of life which not only cures the disease but also prevents many diseaseswith the help of different treatment modalities mentioned in dinacharya and rutucharya. Dhupana is one of the important karma for prevention of various diseases caused by microorganisms. In Kashyap Smahita, there is a detail study of dhupana karma under Dhup Kalpa Adhyay. Here an attempt to prove the role of Arishta Namak Dhoop in diseases which are caused by microorganisms in current lifestyle.

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Evaluation of zinc as anti-asthma agent: a preclinical study on guinea pigs

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20173275 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 1943

Author(s):

Sharanabasayyaswamy B. Hiremath ◽

Priya G.

Keyword(s):

Magnesium Sulfate ◽

Zinc Sulfate ◽

Acute Treatment ◽

Acute Attack ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Preclinical Model ◽

Anticholinergic Drugs ◽

Prophylactic Agent

Background: The role of intravenous magnesium sulfate in acute asthma is restricted to severe and resistant cases while that of zinc as prophylactic agent. What is quite interesting is to know the benefits of zinc in acute attack of asthma and that of magnesium as prophylactic agent. The objective of the study was to analyze the bronchodilatory effects of zinc sulfate and prophylactic role of magnesium sulfate using a preclinical model of histamine and acetylcholine induced acute bronchial asthma in conscious guinea pigs.Methods: Animals were exposed to histamine diphosphate (1%) and acetylcholine chloride (10%) aerosols before and after administration of the respective test drugs after acute and sub-acute treatment regimens. Time for onset of preconvulsive dyspnea (PCD) was noted and compared within and between the treatment groups interms of percentage of protection.Results: Magnesium significantly prolonged time for convulsion compared to control group. But this difference was insignificant when compared with antihistaminic and anticholinergic drugs. Zinc was superior to control and magnesium treatment group in sub-acute treatment study.Conclusions: Magensium sulfate has bronchodilatory effects but no prophylactic effects while it is vice versa with zinc sulfate.

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An Established Th2-Oriented Response to an Alum-Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine Is Not Reversible by Sequential Immunization with Nucleic Acid-Adjuvanted Th1-Oriented Subunit Vaccines

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9111261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1261

Author(s):

Han Cao ◽

Shengran Yang ◽

Yunfei Wang ◽

Ning Luan ◽

Xingxiao Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellular Immunity ◽

Potential Role ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

Cpg Odn ◽

Subunit Vaccines ◽

Protection Rate ◽

The Difference ◽

Open Question ◽

Eosinophil Accumulation

A recently reported parallel preclinical study between a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine and an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine adjuvanted with alum showed pulmonary immunopathology typical of eosinophil accumulation in a mouse pneumonia model for the latter, which implied a potential role of cellular immunity in the difference in the protection rate between these two forms of vaccines. For those who have been vaccinated with alum-adjuvanted subunit or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, whether the Th2 responses that have been established and the absence of induced cellular immunity could be changed is an open question. Using two heterologous boosts with Th1-oriented CpG ODN-adjuvanted S1-based SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines for mice that were primed with two doses of Th2-oriented alum-adjuvanted S1-based SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines, we demonstrated that established Th2 orientation could not be reversed to Th1 orientation and that no cellular immunity was induced, which should have been induced if the boosting vaccines were used as the prime vaccines. These results remind us that if widely administered alum-adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 vaccines cannot overcome the challenge of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and that if cellular immunity is important for the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the future, the choice of more powerful heterologous boosting vaccine forms that can induce cellular immunity should be considered very carefully before application.

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Very early-life exposure to microbiota-induced TNF drives the maturation of neonatal pre-cDC1

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319700 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. gutjnl-2019-319700 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Arnaud Köhler ◽

Sandrine Delbauve ◽

Justine Smout ◽

David Torres ◽

Véronique Flamand

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Early Life ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Functional Maturation

ObjectiveInduction of immune protection against pathogens is particularly crucial during the neonatal period dominated by anti-inflammatory and tolerance immunity. The preclinical study was carried out to determine whether environmental factors such as microbiota may influence early life immunity by impacting the development and the functional maturation of precursors of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (pre-cDC1), endowed with regulatory properties.DesignPre-cDC1 phenotype and cytokine expression in the spleen of neonates from antibiotic-treated mothers were established. The role of myeloid-derived tumour necrosis factor (TNF) was tested in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing analysis on neonatal sorted pre-cDC1 was performed. The early life protective CD8+ T-cell response against Listeria monocytogenes was monitored.ResultsWe observed that first exposure to microbiota promotes TNF secretion by monocytes and macrophages shortly after birth. We demonstrated that this myeloid-derived inflammatory cytokine is crucial to induce the maturation of these neonatal regulatory pre-cDC1. Myeloid TNF signalling acts on C1q and β-catenin pathway and modifies the fatty acid metabolism in neonatal pre-cDC1. Furthermore, we showed that during neonatal L. monocytogenes infection, microbiota-associated myeloid TNF promotes the capacity of these pre-cDC1 to induce protective CD8+ T-cell responses, by modulating their ability to secrete interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12p40.ConclusionOur findings emphasise the role of microbiota-derived TNF to kick-start the differentiation and the functional maturation of the neonatal splenic pre-cDC1 compartment. They bring a better understanding of potential mechanisms underlying some microbiota-linked immune dysfunction in early life.

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