Adverse selection, limited compensation, and the design of environmental liability insurance contract in the case of enterprise bankruptcy

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1327-1337
Author(s):  
Ben‐jiang Ma ◽  
Jing‐yu Ye ◽  
Geng Liu ◽  
Yuan‐ji Huang
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Environmental Liability

Environmental Liability – Tools to Mitigate Financial Consequences of Environmental Liability through Insurance

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (105) ◽  
pp. 32-56
Author(s):  
Renata Orzechowska
Keyword(s):  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Optimal Form ◽  
Environmental Liability ◽  
Financial Consequences ◽  
Imminent Threat

This article focuses on environmental liability insurance of entities using environment against damage caused as a result of their activity. An insurance contract may be the most optimal form of securing claims related to an imminent threat of environmental damage. As a rule, entrepreneurs have freedom in choosing the scope of insurance and in deciding whether to conclude an insurance contract or not. However, for certain types of activity, operators are required by the legislator to have financial protection covering possible environmental damage. Moreover, the article discusses the basic principles of environmental liability and the possibility of insuring this liability, including the cases of statutory obligation to be financially protected. Finally, it evaluates the effects of introducing compulsory environmental insurance.

Cláusulas de franquicia o deducible en seguros de responsabilidad civil en el Derecho español: Naturaleza y efectos respecto de terceros perjudicados

2018 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Rafael Lara González
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liability ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Insurance Contracts ◽  
Spanish Law ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Legal Nature

ResumenPese a su ubicuidad en la práctica contractual, las cláusulas de franquicia han recibido tratamiento incidental en la doctrina. La discusión sobre ellas se ha enfocado en los contratos de seguros de responsabilidad civil, y en la interpretación del artículo 76 de la Ley española de Contrato de Seguro. En este contexto se ha tratado de establecer si el asegurador puede o no oponer la cláusula de franquicia al tercero perjudicado. El presente trabajo analiza la cláusula de franquicia en la obligación principal del asegurador, su naturaleza jurídica, y examina su relación con los terceros perjudicados. La consideración principal a este respecto estará en si nos encontramos ante un seguro obligatorio o ante un seguro voluntario de responsabilidad civil. Palabras clave: Contrato de seguro; Cláusula de franquicia; Terceroperjudicado; Responsabilidad civil.AbstractDespite their ubiquity in contractual praxis, deductible clauses have received only incidental treatment in legal doctrine. Discussion on them has focused on civil liability insurance contracts, and the interpretation of article 76 of the Spanish Law of Insurance Contracts. In this context it has been attempted to establish whether the insurer can invoke the clause to oppose the injured third party's claim. This article examines the deductible clause included in the insurer's main obligation, its legal nature, and its relation to injured third parties. The main consideration in this regard will be whether the insurance contract is of a mandatory or voluntary nature.Keywords: Insurance contract; Deductible clause; Injured third party; Civil liability.

The Application of the Principle of Risk in Claims Settlement in Voluntary Business Liability Insurance in the Light of Case Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Jacek Woronkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Liability Rules ◽  
Property Insurance ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Insured Person

This article is an attempt to analyze the insured's liability for damages pursuant to art. 435 of the Civil Code in the context of voluntary business liability insurance. Above all, it is vital to lay down the criteria which decide about the application of the principle of risk while assessing the insured’s liability for damages.The establishment of the principle of the liability of the insured person points out the specific character of the insurance relationship in the business liability insurance contract in relation to the property insurance, as the insurer shall also assesses the legal situation of the insured person, in the light of the victim’s claims.This article explores the application of the principle of risk, according to which the insured entrepreneurs are liable and the criteria for its adoption. Besides, the roles and functions of the insurer and business liability insurance have been discussed in the context of formulating the liability rules of the insured.

THE NEED TO CONCLUDE A CONTRACT ON OBLIGATORY INSURANCE OF THE EMPLOYER'S CIVIL LIABILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Rustam Khursanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Compensation For Damage

This article deals with the necessary terms of the employer's civil liability insurance contract, the need for the employer to conclude a civil liability insurance contract, the term of the contract, the employee's disability at work, occupational disease or other damage to his life or the civil liability of the employer for compensation for damage to health

MEDICAL INCIDENT INSURANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (XX) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Huras-Darkowska
Keyword(s):  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Accident Insurance ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Compensation And Redress ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Additional Burden

Regulations in force since 2012. defining the rules and procedure for determining compensation and redress in the case of medical events raised many doubts about the legal nature of the insurance contract for these events (compulsory or voluntary insurance, accident insurance or third party liability insurance) and the liability of medical entities. In practice, the doubts concerned the additional burden on hospitals to pay the insurance premium, and in the absence of insurance or exhaustion of the sum insured – the need to satisfy the claims of the applicant. A huge number of practical and legal doubts caused the amendment of the applicable provisions.

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