scholarly journals Contibutions to the biochemistry of pathogenic anaerobes. VIII. The biochemical comparison of micro-organisms by quantitative methods

1920 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Edmund Guy Harris
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Biochemical Comparison ◽  
Micro Organisms

scholarly journals Part II.- Quantitative methods and technique of investigation of the products of metabolism of micro-organisms

1931 ◽  
Vol 220 (468-473) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Micro Organisms

At the commencement of this work it was decided, as outlined on p. 7 in the introductory paper in this series, to take as the basis of the investigations the quantitative determination of the types of compounds formed by micro-organisms. Hence it became necessary to devise methods of separating “the products of metabolism arising from glucose into different types of chemical compounds, and of isolating them in a form suitable for the subsequent estimation of their carbon content by combustion. The methods adopted will be described.

scholarly journals The influence of temperature on phagocytosis

1908 ◽  
Vol 80 (539) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
In Series ◽  
Micro Organisms

Recent work has shown that the phagocytosis of micro-organisms is a complex phenomenon, involving at least two factors, viz.: (1) the sensitisation of the micro-organism by the opsonin of the blood serum, and (2) the phagocytic act of the polymorphonuclear leucocyte. The latter function has been known for many years to be markedly influenced by temperature. It appeared desirable, however, to ascertain whether, by the modern quantitative methods employed in opsonic work, some definite relationship could be found to subsist between degree of temparature and degree of phagocytosis. In the first set of experiments no attempt was made to separate the respectively functions of sensitisation, and amœboid activity of the leucocyte. Both actions were allowed to proceed simultaneously. Consequently, in Series 1 the leucocytes were put in contact with fresh serum and micro-organisms (staphylococci), and incubated together at different temperatures for the same period of time. Thereafter the number of cocci taken up per leucocyte was calculated on stained films in the usual way. The Staphylococcus aureus employed was an old laboratory strain.

Role of Models in Assessing New Agents for Caries Prevention-Non-Fluoride Systems: Reaction Paper

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-314
Author(s):  
R.G. Quivey ◽  
A.J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Plaque Ph ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Do So

Several important issues have been raised concerning the need for consideration of alternatives to fluoride. The principle reason to do so has been the lack of comprehensive effectiveness of fluoride, which in turn reveals incomplete understanding of the caries process. Included among the topics required for clarification of caries initiation would be quantitative methods for relating plaque pH values to the formation of caries. Thus, methods for assessing the activity of anticaries agents over time would be of considerable assistance in monitoring the effects of these test compounds on bacteria. The use of recombinant oral micro-organisms containing genetic fusions, to provide information on the effects of agents on bacteria growing in model systems, is discussed as a possible means of obtaining relevant data in situ.

Review of the Radiation Damage Problem of Organic Specimens in Electron Microscopy

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 476-477
Author(s):  
L. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
Thin Specimen ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Damage Processes

Most information about a specimen is obtained by elastic scattering of electrons, but one cannot avoid inelastic scattering and therefore radiation damage by ionisation as a primary process of damage. This damage is a dose effect, being proportional to the product of lectron current density j and the irradiation time t in Coul.cm−2 as long as there is a negligible heating of the specimen.Therefore one has to determine the dose needed to produce secondary damage processes, which can be measured quantitatively by a chemical or physical effect in the thin specimen. The survival of micro-organisms or the decrease of photoconductivity and cathodoluminescence are such effects needing very small doses (see table).

Functional amyloid: widespread in Nature, diverse in purpose

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi L.L. Pham ◽  
Ann H. Kwan ◽  
Margaret Sunde
Keyword(s):  
Spider Silk ◽  
Epigenetic Inheritance ◽  
Fibrillar Structure ◽  
Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation ◽  
Functional Amyloid ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Functional Amyloids ◽  
Micro Organisms

Amyloids are insoluble fibrillar protein deposits with an underlying cross-β structure initially discovered in the context of human diseases. However, it is now clear that the same fibrillar structure is used by many organisms, from bacteria to humans, in order to achieve a diverse range of biological functions. These functions include structure and protection (e.g. curli and chorion proteins, and insect and spider silk proteins), aiding interface transitions and cell–cell recognition (e.g. chaplins, rodlins and hydrophobins), protein control and storage (e.g. Microcin E492, modulins and PMEL), and epigenetic inheritance and memory [e.g. Sup35, Ure2p, HET-s and CPEB (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein)]. As more examples of functional amyloid come to light, the list of roles associated with functional amyloids has continued to expand. More recently, amyloids have also been implicated in signal transduction [e.g. RIP1/RIP3 (receptor-interacting protein)] and perhaps in host defence [e.g. aDrs (anionic dermaseptin) peptide]. The present chapter discusses in detail functional amyloids that are used in Nature by micro-organisms, non-mammalian animals and mammals, including the biological roles that they play, their molecular composition and how they assemble, as well as the coping strategies that organisms have evolved to avoid the potential toxicity of functional amyloid.

Quantitative Methods in Archaeology Using R

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods

Micro-organisms and earth systems – advances in geomicrobiology

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Lappin-Scott
Keyword(s):  
Earth Systems ◽  
Micro Organisms

Review of Quantitative methods and statistics: A guide to social research.

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-345
Author(s):  
GEOFFREY KEPPEL
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Social Research
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