Poly(lactic acid)/titanium dioxide nanocomposite films: Influence of processing procedure on dispersion of titanium dioxide and photocatalytic activity

Nanoparticles of graphene and carbon nanotubes are attractive materials for the improvement of mechanical and barrier properties and for the functionality of biodegradable polymers for packaging applications. However, the increase of the manufacture and consumption increases the probability of exposure of humans and the environment to such nanomaterials; this brings up questions about the risks of nanomaterials, since they can be toxic. For a risk assessment, it is crucial to know whether airborne nanoparticles of graphene and carbon nanotubes can be released from nanocomposites into the environment at their end-life, or whether they remain embedded in the matrix. In this work, the release of graphene and carbon nanotubes from the poly(lactic) acid nanocomposite films were studied for the scenarios of: (i) biodegradation of the matrix polymer at the disposal of wastes; and (ii) combustion and fire of nanocomposite wastes. Thermogravimetric analysis in air atmosphere, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to verify the release of nanoparticles from nanocomposite films. The three factors model was applied for the quantitative and qualitative risk assessment of the release of graphene and carbon nanotubes from nanocomposite wastes for these scenarios. Safety concern is discussed in respect to the existing regulations for nanowaste stream.

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Antimicrobial nanocomposite films made of poly(lactic acid)-cellulose nanocrystals (PLA-CNC) in food applications: part A—effect of nisin release on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in ham

Cellulose ◽

10.1007/s10570-014-0230-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 1837-1850 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Stephane Salmieri ◽

Farhana Islam ◽

Ruhul A. Khan ◽

Farah M. Hossain ◽

Haytham M. M. Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽

Nanocomposite Films ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Food Applications

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Poly (lactic acid)/titanium dioxide composites: Preparation and performance under ultraviolet irradiation

Polymer Degradation and Stability ◽

10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.03.039 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 97 (6) ◽

pp. 856-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Changzhen Man ◽

Chunmei Zhang ◽

Yiming Liu ◽

Weiwei Wang ◽

Wuyang Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

And Performance

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Release of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes from Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Films during Degradation and Combustion: Risk Associated with the End-of-Life of Nanocomposite Food Packaging Materials

10.20944/preprints201810.0692.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Stanislav Kotsilkov ◽

Evgeni Ivanov ◽

Nikolay Vitanov

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Safety Concern ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Nanocomposite Films ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Air Atmosphere ◽

Qualitative Risk Assessment

Nanoparticles of graphene and carbon nanotubes are attractive materials for improvement of mechanical and barrier properties and functionality of biodegradable polymers for food packaging applications. However, the increase of the manufacture and consumption increases the probability of exposure of human and environment to such nanomaterials, this rising questions about the risks of nanomaterials since they can be toxic. For a risk assessment, it is crucial to know whether airborne nanoparticles of graphene and carbon nanotubes can be released from nanocomposites into the environment at their end-life, or they remain embedded in the matrix. In this work the release of graphene and carbon nanotubes from the poly(lactic) acid nanocomposite films were studied for the scenarios of: (i) biodegradation of matrix polymer at the disposal of wastes; and (ii) combustion and fire of nanocomposite wastes. Thermogravimetric analysis in air atmosphere, TEM, AFM and SEM were used to verify the release of nanoparticles from nanocomposite films. The three factors model was applied for the quantitative and qualitative risk assessment to the release of graphene and carbon nanotubes from nanocomposite wastes for these scenarios. Safety concern is discussed in respect to the existing regulations for nanowastes stream.

Download Full-text