Morphological, mechanical, magnetic, and thermal properties of 3D printed functional polymeric structures modified with Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles

This paper explores the influence of selected commercial plasticizers structure, which are based on esters of citric acid, on mechanical and thermal properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Poly(lactic acid)/Plasticizer biodegradable blends. These plasticizers were first tested with respect to their miscibility with Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Poly(lactic acid) (PHB/PLA) blends using a kneading machine. PHB/PLA/plasticizer blends in the weight ratio (wt %) of 60/25/15 were then prepared by single screw and corotating meshing twin screw extruders in the form of filament for further three-dimensional (3D) printing. Mechanical, thermal properties, and shape stability (warping effect) of 3D printed products can be improved just by the addition of appropriate plasticizer to polymeric blend. The goal was to create new types of eco-friendly PHB/PLA/plasticizers blends and to highly improve the poor mechanical properties of neat PHB/PLA blends (with majority of PHB) by adding appropriate plasticizer. Mechanical properties of plasticized blends were then determined by the tensile test of 3D printed test samples (dogbones), as well as filaments. Measured elongation at break rapidly enhanced from 21% for neat non-plasticized PHB/PLA blends (reference) to 328% for best plasticized blends in the form of filament, and from 5% (reference) to 187% for plasticized blends in the form of printed dogbones. The plasticizing effect on blends was confirmed by Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The study of morphology was performed by the Scanning Electron Microscopy. Significant problem of plasticized blends used to be also plasticizer migration, therefore the diffusion of plasticizers from the blends after 15 days of exposition to 110 °C in the drying oven was investigated as their measured weight loss. Almost all of the used plasticizers showed meaningful positive softening effects, but the diffusion of plasticizers at 110 °C exposition was quite extensive. The determination of the degree of disintegration of selected plasticized blend when exposed to a laboratory-scale composting environment was executed to roughly check the “biodegradability”.

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Dielectric Spectroscopy and Thermal Properties of Poly(lactic) Acid Reinforced with Carbon-Based Particles: Experimental Study and Design Theory

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12102414 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 2414

Author(s):

Giovanni Spinelli ◽

Rumiana Kotsilkova ◽

Evgeni Ivanov ◽

Vladimir Georgiev ◽

Radost Ivanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽

Design Theory ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Interfacial Polarization ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Neat Polymer ◽

Carbonaceous Particles ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

3D Printed

In the present study, polylactic acid (PLA) enriched with carbonaceous particles like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene nanoplates (GNPs) or a combination of both up 12 wt % of loading are used for producing 3D-printed specimens with fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology which are then experimentally and theoretically investigated. The goal is to propose a non-conventional filaments indicated for additive manufacturing process with improved dielectric and thermal properties, compared to the performances exhibited by the unfilled polymer. In the light of the above, a wide dielectric spectroscopy and a thermal analysis, supported by a morphological investigation, are performed. The results highlight that the introduction of 1-dimensional filler (MWCNTs) are more suitable for improving the dielectric properties of the resulting materials, due to the enhancement of the interfacial polarization and the presence of functionalized groups, whereas 2-dimensional nanoparticles (GNPs) better favor the thermal conduction mechanisms thanks to the lower thermal boundary resistance between the two phases, polymer/filler. In particular, with a loading of 12 wt % of MWCNTs the relative permittivity reaches the value of 5.35 × 103 much greater than that of 3.7 measured for unfilled PLA while for the thermal conductivity the enhancement with 12 wt % of GNPs is about 261% respect the thermal behavior of the neat polymer. The experimental results are correlated to theoretical findings, whereas a design of experiment (DoE) approach is adopted for investigating how the different fillers influence the dielectric and thermal performances of the 3D-printed parts, thus assisting the design of such innovative materials that appear promising for development and applications in the electromagnetic (EM) field and heat transfer.

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Silane-Treated Muscovite as Reinforcement for 3D-Printed ABS via Fused Deposition Modeling

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.877.67 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 877 ◽

pp. 67-72

Author(s):

Niño B. Felices ◽

Bryan B. Pajarito

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Mechanical Reinforcement ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

The Matrix ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Printed

Epoxysilane-treated muscovite (ETM) was used as reinforcing filler to 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) via fused deposition modeling (FDM). Its effects to the mechanical and thermal properties of ABS were investigated. ETM was loaded at 1, 3, and 5wt%. ABS/ETM composites were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Mechanical reinforcement of ABS was observed for ABS/ETM composites loaded at 1 and 3 wt% wherein it was noted that the tensile strength and elastic modulus increased by up to 83.6% and 76.6%, respectively. Reinforcement was brought by interfacial adhesion of ETM with the ABS matrix. There was a sharp decline in mechanical properties for ABS/ETM composites loaded at 5wt% due to agglomeration of ETM in the matrix and discontinuities in the printed layers. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of ABS increased and the onset of its degradation shifted towards higher temperatures with the addition of ETM. It can be concluded that the addition of ETM to ABS for FDM 3D printing improved its mechanical and thermal properties.

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3D-printed PEEK-carbon fiber (CF) composites: Structure and thermal properties

Composites Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.05.032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 164 ◽

pp. 319-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

А.А. Stepashkin ◽

D.I. Chukov ◽

F.S. Senatov ◽

A.I. Salimon ◽

A.M. Korsunsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

3D Printed

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WITHDRAWN:Data on the mechanical and thermal properties of 3D printed nanocellulose reinforced methacrylate composites

Data in Brief ◽

10.1016/j.dib.2018.01.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Xinhao Feng ◽

Zhaozhe Yang ◽

Qingwen Wang ◽

Siqun Wang ◽

Yanjun Xie

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

3D Printed

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GO-modified flexible polymer nanocomposites fabricated via 3D stereolithography

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering ◽

10.1007/s11705-019-1836-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 736-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chi Him Alpha Tsang ◽

Adilet Zhakeyev ◽

Dennis Y. C. Leung ◽

Jin Xuan

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Annealing Process ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Flexible Polymers ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Flexible Polymer ◽

3D Printed ◽

Resin Formulation ◽

User Friendly ◽

First Time

Abstract Graphene oxide (GO) induced enhancement of elastomer properties showed a great deal of potential in recent years, but it is still limited by the barrier of the complicated synthesis processes. Stereolithography (SLA), used in fabrication of thermosets and very recently in “flexible” polymers with elastomeric properties, presents itself as simple and user-friendly method for integration of GO into elastomers. In this work, it was first time demonstrated that GO loadings can be incorporated into commercial flexible photopolymer resins to successfully fabricate GO/elastomer nanocomposites via readily accessible, consumer-oriented SLA printer. The material properties of the resulting polymer was characterized and tested. The mechanical strength, stiffness, and the elongation of the resulting polymer decreased with the addition of GO. The thermal properties were also adversely affected upon the increase in the GO content based on differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis results. It was proposed that the GO agglomerates within the 3D printed composites, can result in significant change in both mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting nanocomposites. This study demonstrated the possibility for the development of the GO/elastomer nanocomposites after the optimization of the GO/“flexible” photoreactive resin formulation for SLA with suitable annealing process of the composite in future.

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