The Flexible Use of Multiple Cue Relationships in Spatial Navigation: A Comparison of Water Maze Performance Following Hippocampal, Medial Septal, Prefrontal Cortex, or Posterior Parietal Cortex Lesions

1997 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Compton ◽  
H.Randall Griffith ◽  
William F. McDaniel ◽  
Robert A. Foster ◽  
Brenda K. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Maze Performance ◽  
Posterior Parietal

Experience-Dependent Neural Integration of Taste and Smell in the Human Brain

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1892-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Small ◽  
Joel Voss ◽  
Y. Erica Mak ◽  
Katharine B. Simmons ◽  
Todd Parrish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Flavor Perception ◽  
Odor Pair ◽  
Frontal Operculum ◽  
Posterior Parietal

Flavor perception arises from the central integration of peripherally distinct sensory inputs (taste, smell, texture, temperature, sight, and even sound of foods). The results from psychophysical and neuroimaging studies in humans are converging with electrophysiological findings in animals and a picture of the neural correlates of flavor processing is beginning to emerge. Here we used event-related fMRI to evaluate brain response during perception of flavors (i.e., taste/odor liquid mixtures not differing in temperature or texture) compared with the sum of the independent presentation of their constituents (taste and/or odor). All stimuli were presented in liquid form so that olfactory stimulation was by the retronasal route. Mode of olfactory delivery is important because neural suppression has been observed in chemosensory regions during congruent taste–odor pairs when the odors are delivered by the orthonasal route and require subjects to sniff. There were 2 flavors. One contained a familiar/congruent taste–odor pair (vanilla/sweet) and the other an unfamiliar/incongruent taste–odor pair (vanilla/salty). Three unimodal stimuli, including 2 tastes (sweet and salty) and one odor (vanilla), as well as a tasteless/odorless liquid (baseline) were presented. Superadditive responses during the perception of the congruent flavor compared with the sum of its constituents were observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsal insula, anterior ventral insula extending into the caudal orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), frontal operculum, ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, and posterior parietal cortex. These regions were not present in a similar analysis of the incongruent flavor compared with the sum of its constituents. All of these regions except the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex were also isolated in a direct contrast of congruent − incongruent. Additionally, the anterior cingulate, posterior parietal cortex, frontal operculum, and ventral insula/caudal OFC were also more active in vanilla + salty minus incongruent, suggesting that delivery of an unfamiliar taste–odor combination may lead to suppressed neural responses. Taken together with previous findings in the literature, these results suggest that the insula, OFC, and ACC are key components of the network underlying flavor perception and that taste–smell integration within these and other regions is dependent on 1) mode of olfactory delivery and 2) previous experience with taste/smell combinations.

scholarly journals Representation of remembered stimuli and task information in the monkey dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Lian Qi ◽  
Anthony C. Elworthy ◽  
Bryce C. Lambert ◽  
Christos Constantinidis
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Persistent Activity ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Task Effects ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
And Task

Both dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex have been implicated in spatial working memory and representation of task information. Prior experiments training animals to recall the first of a sequence of stimuli and examining the effect of subsequent distractors have identified increased ability of the prefrontal cortex to represent remembered stimuli and filter distractors. It is unclear, however, if this prefrontal functional specialization extends to stimuli appearing earlier in a sequence, when subjects are cued to remember subsequent ones. It is also not known how task information interacts with persistent activity representing remembered stimuli and distractors in the two areas. To address these questions, we trained monkeys to remember either the first or second of two stimuli presented in sequence and recorded neuronal activity from the posterior parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex was better able to represent the actively remembered stimulus, whereas the posterior parietal cortex was more modulated by distractors; however, task effects interfered with this representation. As a result, large proportions of neurons with persistent activity and task effects exhibited a preference for a stimulus when it appeared as a distractor in both areas. Additionally, prefrontal neurons were modulated to a greater extent by task factors during the delay period of the task. The results indicate that the prefrontal cortex is better able than the posterior parietal cortex to differentiate between distractors and actively remembered stimuli and is more modulated by the task; however, this relative preference is highly context dependent and depends on the specific requirements of the task.

scholarly journals Reconsidering the Border between the Visual and Posterior Parietal Cortex of Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara R J Gilissen ◽  
Karl Farrow ◽  
Vincent Bonin ◽  
Lutgarde Arckens
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Anterior Cortex ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Cortical Input ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Cortical Map

Abstract The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) contributes to multisensory and sensory-motor integration, as well as spatial navigation. Based on primate studies, the PPC is composed of several subdivisions with differing connection patterns, including areas that exhibit retinotopy. In mice the composition of the PPC is still under debate. We propose a revised anatomical delineation in which we classify the higher order visual areas rostrolateral area (RL), anteromedial area (AM), and Medio-Medial-Anterior cortex (MMA) as subregions of the mouse PPC. Retrograde and anterograde tracing revealed connectivity, characteristic for primate PPC, with sensory, retrosplenial, orbitofrontal, cingulate and motor cortex, as well as with several thalamic nuclei and the superior colliculus in the mouse. Regarding cortical input, RL receives major input from the somatosensory barrel field, while AM receives more input from the trunk, whereas MMA receives strong inputs from retrosplenial, cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortices. These input differences suggest that each posterior PPC subregion may have a distinct function. Summarized, we put forward a refined cortical map, including a mouse PPC that contains at least 6 subregions, RL, AM, MMA and PtP, MPta, LPta/A. These anatomical results set the stage for a more detailed understanding about the role that the PPC and its subdivisions play in multisensory integration-based behavior in mice.

Movement, Synchronization, and Partnering in Dance

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Steven Brown
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Motor Processes ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Sensory Processes ◽  
Movement Synchronization

In a neuroimaging study of tango dancers, the authors attempted to address two fundamental issues about dance: movement patterning (i.e., navigation of the legs in space) and synchronization of movement to the beat of music. The results of the study revealed the importance of the posterior parietal cortex to spatial navigation of movement and the cerebellum to synchronization to the beat. In a later two-person study of leading and following in dance, the author found that leaders accentuate motor processes, while followers accentuate sensory processes in their partnership. Dance is an interesting marriage of movement patterning, timing, and joint action.

scholarly journals Neurons with inverted tuning during the delay periods of working memory tasks in the dorsal prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Fumi Katsuki ◽  
Xue-Lian Qi ◽  
Christos Constantinidis
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Functional Difference ◽  
Initial Stimulus ◽  
Cortical Afferents ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Posterior Parietal

The dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices are two interconnected brain areas that are coactivated in tasks involving functions such as spatial attention and working memory. The response properties of neurons in the two areas are in many respects indistinguishable, yet only prefrontal neurons are able to resist interference by distracting stimuli when subjects are required to remember an initial stimulus. Several mechanisms have been proposed that could account for this functional difference, including the existence of specialized interneuron types, specific to the prefrontal cortex. Although such neurons with inverted tuning during the delay period of a working memory task have been described in the prefrontal cortex, no comparative data exist from other cortical areas that would establish a unique prefrontal role. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed a large database of recordings obtained in the dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex of the same monkeys as they performed working memory tasks. We found that in the prefrontal cortex, neurons with inverted tuning were more numerous and manifested unique properties. Our results give credence to the idea that a division of labor exists between separate neuron types in the prefrontal cortex and that this represents a functional specialization that is not present in its cortical afferents.

scholarly journals The role of prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in task switching

2000 ◽  
Vol 97 (24) ◽  
pp. 13448-13453 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-H. Sohn ◽  
S. Ursu ◽  
J. R. Anderson ◽  
V. A. Stenger ◽  
C. S. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal
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