Protein phosphorylation in tobacco plants with systemic resistance induced by tobacco mosaic virus

The harpin protein Hpa1 has various beneficial effects in plants, such as promoting plant growth and inducing pathogen resistance. Our previous study found that Hpa1 could significantly alleviate the mosaic symptoms of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in Pinellia ternata, indicating that Hpa1 can effectively stimulate resistance. Here, the potential mechanism of disease resistance and field applicability of Hpa1 against TMV in P. ternata were further investigated. The results showed that 15 µg ml−1 Hpa1 had stronger antiviral activity than the control, and its protective effect was better than its curative effect. Furthermore, Hpa1 could significantly induce an increase in defense-related enzyme activity, including polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as increase the expression of disease resistance-related genes (PR1, PR3, PR5, and PDF1.2). Concurrently, Hpa1 significantly increased the content of some disease resistance-related substances, including hydrogen peroxide, phenolics, and callose, whereas the content of malondialdehyde was reduced. In addition, field application analysis demonstrated that Hpa1 could effectively elicit a defense response against TMV in P. ternata. Our findings propose a mechanism by which Hpa1 can prevent TMV infection in Pinellia by inducing systemic resistance, thereby providing an environmentally friendly approach for the use of Hpa1 in large-scale applications to improve TMV resistance in Pinellia.

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Reticine A, a new potent natural elicitor: isolation from the fruit peel of Citrus reticulate and induction of systemic resistance against tobacco mosaic virus and other plant fungal diseases

Pest Management Science ◽

10.1002/ps.6025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 354-364

Author(s):

Delong Wang ◽

Bin Liu ◽

Zhiqing Ma ◽

Juntao Feng ◽

He Yan

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Citrus Reticulate

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Effect of Yeast CTA1 Gene Expression on Response of Tobacco Plants to Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.010960 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 129 (3) ◽

pp. 1032-1044 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Andrzej Talarczyk ◽

Magdalena Krzymowska ◽

Wojciech Borucki ◽

Jacek Hennig

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection ◽

Mosaic Virus Infection

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Enhanced Glutathione Metabolism Is Correlated with Sulfur-Induced Resistance in Tobacco mosaic virus–Infected Genetically Susceptible Nicotiana tabacum Plants

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-05-10-0117 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. 1448-1459 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Kerstin Höller ◽

Lóránt Király ◽

András Künstler ◽

Maria Müller ◽

Gábor Gullner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Induced Resistance ◽

Marker Gene ◽

General Mechanism ◽

Glutathione Metabolism ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Glutathione Biosynthesis

Sulfur-induced resistance, also known as sulfur-enhanced defense (SIR/SED) was investigated in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun nn during compatible interaction with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in correlation with glutathione metabolism. To evaluate the influence of sulfur nutritional status on virus infection, tobacco plants were treated with nutrient solutions containing either sufficient sulfate (+S) or no sulfate (−S). Sufficient sulfate supply resulted in a suppressed and delayed symptom development and diminished virus accumulation over a period of 14 days after inoculation as compared with −S conditions. Expression of the defense marker gene PR-1a was markedly upregulated in sulfate-treated plants during the first day after TMV inoculation. The occurrence of SIR/SED correlated with a higher level of activity of sulfate assimilation, cysteine, and glutathione metabolism in plants treated with sulfate. Additionally, two key genes involved in cysteine and glutathione biosynthesis (encoding adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, respectively) were upregulated within the first day after TMV inoculation under +S conditions. Sulfate withdrawal from the soil was accelerated at the beginning of the infection, whereas it declined in the long term, leading to an accumulation of sulfur in the soil of plants grown with sulfate. This observation could be correlated with a decrease in sulfur contents in TMV-infected leaves in the long term. In summary, this is the first study that demonstrates a link between the activation of cysteine and glutathione metabolism and the induction of SIR/SED during a compatible plant-virus interaction in tobacco plants, indicating a general mechanism behind SIR/SED.

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