SUMMARYThe surface of the cuticle of adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis has been studied by means of the freeze-fracture technique and by transmission electron microscopy. Some of the surface coat appears to have been shed from the surface of the cuticle of adults fixed in situ in the intestine of its host and from the surface of individuals removed from the intestine and freeze-fractured. Freeze-fracturing the cuticle of individuals removed from the host has shown that this surface coat varies in thickness from 30 to 90 nm. The epicuticle is about 20 nm thick and cleaves readily to expose E- and P-faces. The P-face of the epicuticle possesses a small number of particles, similar to intra-membranous particles, whilst the E-face possesses a few, widely scattered depressions. Despite the presence of these particles the epicuticle is not considered to be a true membrane. Freeze-fracturing the remainder of the cuticle has confirmed its structure as described by conventional transmission electron microscopy. Clusters of particles on the P-face of the outer epidermal (hypodermal) membrane and corresponding depressions on the E-face of the membrane are thought to be associated with points of attachment of the cuticle to the epidermis (hypodermis). No differences in appearance of the cuticle and its surface layers were observed in individuals taken from 7-, 10-, 13- and 15-day infections.
Applicability of Freeze-Fracture and Cryo-TEM to Complex Liquids