The Macroeconomic Environment

1995 ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
David Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Macroeconomic Environment

The age of symbolic economic policies?

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-265
Author(s):  
Peter Galbács
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

This paper offers a few remarks on the so-called heterodoxy commentaries of recent times (e.g. Bod 2013, Csaba 2011). In accordance with the growing popularity of unusual economic policy actions, a set of “tools” is emerging that aims to exert its effects breaking with instrumental actions. Outlining a special framework of the history of mainstream economics, it will be argued that economic policy only gradually has become capable of applying this system. In our view, both the emergence of symbolic economic policies mentioned above and the rise of heterodoxy are on the same level, since certain governments can only operate through giving signals. Although it is not the time to formulate ultimate and eternal generalised statements, it may perhaps be stated that symbolic economic policies can make some room for manoeuvring available as a last resort. In other words, the possibility of a certain kind of economic policy “tools” can be derived from theoretical considerations, and this set has become highlighted recently by some constraining changes in the macroeconomic environment. Our theoretical framework will be filled sporadically with some episodes from the last few years of the economic policy of Hungary.

scholarly journals Terrorism as a Determinant of Attracting FDI in Tourism: Panel Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Nikšić Radić
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Previous Level ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether terrorism is one of the important determinants affecting the investment decisions of foreign investors in tourism on a panel of 50 countries over the period 2000 to 2016. In addition to terrorism, the importance of three other theoretically significant determinants of attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) in tourism are explored—the previous level of FDI in tourism, the level of GDP and the international tourist arrivals. To obtain more reliable research results, the initial model is extended with certain control variables. The study uses system-GMM estimator for dynamic panel data models. The research results of a narrower and a wider model indicate that terrorism has no significant effect on the FDI inflow in tourism while international tourist arrivals significantly affect the future FDI in tourism in both models. Furthermore, the research results entail certain political connotations. In order to attract foreign investors in tourism, the most important factor is to ensure a stable macroeconomic environment with a competitive position in the Doing Business list and what better business conditions. Attention should also be focused on the security and preventive counter-terrorism, which will ensure that potential destinations reflect confidence, have a growth rate of tourist arrivals and, consequently, attract foreign investors.

scholarly journals METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATION OF RISKS AT THE ENTERPRISES OF NON‐FINANCIAL SPHERE OF LATVIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Voronova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

The author considers the problems of analysis and assessment of risks at the enterprises of non‐financial sphere basing on tactical standards of risk management. The author studies the development and impact of the theory of economic cycles on the system of risks in entrepreneurship of Chizhevsky's and Kondratjev's temporary cycles that are at the same time space cycles. The author expresses their attitude to the opportunity of using autogenetic and risks identification. As‐trolinguistics studies the nature of changes in macroeconomic environment on the basis of information about the mutual position of the solar system's planets in the process of their motion. This paper discusses how variety of scope methods may be applied for assessment of the profile of risks at the enterprise.

The Lisbon strategy and structural reforms in Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Amable ◽  
Lilas Demmou ◽  
Ivan Ledezma
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Work ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Lisbon Strategy ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
European Social Model ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Market Liberalisation ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment ◽  
Lisbon Agenda

The Lisbon strategy, launched in 2000 to promote growth and employment by developing a highly competitive European economy, is an incoherent mixture of economic liberalism, social democratic aspirations and neo-Schumpeterian technological determinism. This article presents the macroeconomic environment of the Lisbon strategy and calls into question the generally accepted notion that Europe lags behind the USA in terms of productivity and innovation. It discusses the implications of the most important integrated guidelines that member countries should follow to implement the Lisbon agenda and argues that they represent more a neoliberal programme than a renewal of the European social model. This article also presents the results of empirical work that tested the effectiveness of the various market liberalisation measures promoted by the Lisbon agenda. These results show that one should not expect significant results in two key areas: innovation and employment.

scholarly journals How Fiscal Policy in Bulgaria may Affect the Transition to a Low Carbon Economy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-535
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Macroeconomic Policy ◽  
Currency Board ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment ◽  
Carbon Economy

The adaptation of traditional macroeconomic policy goals to new ecological realities assigns a specific role to macroeconomic policy. We model the short-run transmission mechanism of fiscal policy under Currency Board Arrangements in Bulgaria in order to assess the fiscal policy potential to boost sustainable economic development and compensate for the economic growth losses due to decarbonisation of the economy. We find that fiscal policy instruments in Bulgaria have no statistically significant effect on GDP components considered separately but they do have a complex effect on macroeconomic environment in the country. This indicates that specific fiscal policy effects to support the transition to a low-carbon economy in Bulgaria cannot be expected and the structural policies should be followed.

scholarly journals Perception of the Selected Business Environment Aspects by Service Firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Ajaz Khan ◽  
Gentjan Çera ◽  
Vaclav Netek
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Similar Group ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

The business environment is a profound concern for the state and institutions to make it encouraging to boost entrepreneurship. Given such relevance of the business environment, this paper aims to link selected business environment aspects to business sector. The study identified the perceived differences between sectors in the Czech and Slovak Republics and then a comparison of a similar group of firms. To shape the study, survey-based research planned and conducted in two segments of firm’s (service and non-service), covered 641 enterprises. The current research adopted factor analysis and then t-test and Mann-Whitney test to determine the results. The major findings of the study reveal that the Slovak firms in the service sector scored higher in macroeconomic environment, consumers’ consumption and competition factors and lower in access to finance factor, as compared to their non-service counterparts. However, another key finding indicates that the Czech entrepreneurs’ perception did not statistically differ in any selected aspects of business environment between the firms operating in service and non-service sectors. In all the cases business support was found insignificant. This paper adds to the existing literature in entrepreneurship by offering a better understanding of the linkage between business sector and business environment aspects.

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