scholarly journals The Linguistic Categorization of Deictic Direction in Chinese — with Reference to Japanese —

2008 ◽  
pp. 69-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Lamarre
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Categorization

scholarly journals Sproglige kategoriseringer af småbørn

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Holm
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Test Materials ◽  
Linguistic Categorization ◽  
Academic Discourses ◽  
The Way

ResuméFormelle institutionelle kategoriseringer af småbørns sproglige udvikling analyseres i denne artikel dels som et udtryk for bestemte teoretiske positioner og faglige traditioner i måden at betragte sprog og sproglig udvikling på, og dels som normative faglige og politiske perspektiver på, hvordan børns sproglige udvikling bør forstås og forløbe. En analyse af de skiftende kategoriseringer udgør derfor et produktivt omdrejningspunkt for at belyse centrale udviklingsprocesser i rammesætningen af det sprogpædagogiske arbejde i dagtilbud. I artiklen identificeres tre forskellige tilgange til sproglig kategorisering af småbørn inden for dagtilbudsområdet. Artiklen trækker bredt på analyser af lovgivning, faglige diskurser, sproglige testmaterialer og på fremtrædende, nyere programmer og koncepter, der sigter mod at udvikle småbørns sprog. AbstractIn this article, formal institutional categorizations of young children’s language development are analyzed in two ways. Partly as an expression of certain theoretical positions and academic traditions in the way language and language development are considered, and partly as a normative academic and political perspective on how children’s language development should be understood and proceed. Therefore an analysis of the changing categorizations of young children’s language development is a productive focal point to highlight key development processes around the framing of the language work in day care. The article identifies three different approaches to linguistic categorization of young children in day care drawing broadly on analyzes of legislation, academic discourses, linguistic test materials and prominent, newer programs and concepts that aim to develop young children’s language.

A Model of Complexity Levels of Meaning Constitution in Simulation Models of Language Evolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Lücking ◽  
Alexander Mehler
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Abstract Objects ◽  
Linguistic Terms ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Linguistic Categories ◽  
Linguistic Categorization

Currently, some simulative accounts exist within dynamic or evolutionary frameworks that are concerned with the development of linguistic categories within a population of language users. Although these studies mostly emphasize that their models are abstract, the paradigm categorization domain is preferably that of colors. In this paper, the authors argue that color adjectives are special predicates in both linguistic and metaphysical terms: semantically, they are intersective predicates, metaphysically, color properties can be empirically reduced onto purely physical properties. The restriction of categorization simulations to the color paradigm systematically leads to ignoring two ubiquitous features of natural language predicates, namely relativity and context-dependency. Therefore, the models for simulation models of linguistic categories are not able to capture the formation of categories like perspective-dependent predicates ‘left’ and ‘right’, subsective predicates like ‘small’ and ‘big’, or predicates that make reference to abstract objects like ‘I prefer this kind of situation’. The authors develop a three-dimensional grid of ascending complexity that is partitioned according to the semiotic triangle. They also develop a conceptual model in the form of a decision grid by means of which the complexity level of simulation models of linguistic categorization can be assessed in linguistic terms.

The role of prediction in construction-learning

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADELE E. GOLDBERG ◽  
DEVIN M. CASENHISER ◽  
NITYA SETHURAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Cue Validity ◽  
Sentence Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Categorization

It is well-established that (non-linguistic) categorization is driven by a functional demand of prediction. We suggest that prediction likewise may well play a role in motivating the learning of semantic generalizations about argument structure constructions. We report corpora statistics that indicate that the argument frame or construction has roughly equivalent cue validity as a predictor of overall sentence meaning as the morphological form of the verb, and has greater category validity. That is, the construction is at least as reliable and more available than the verb. Moreover, given the fact that many verbs have quite low cue validity in isolation, attention to the contribution of the construction is essential.

scholarly journals Exploring the Roles of Complex Networks in Linguistic Categorization

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Gong ◽  
Andrea Baronchelli ◽  
Andrea Puglisi ◽  
Vittorio Loreto
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Linguistic Categories ◽  
Linguistic Categorization

This article adopts the category game model, which simulates the origins and evolution of linguistic categories in a group of artificial agents, to evaluate the effect of social structure on linguistic categorization. Based on the simulation results in a number of typical networks, we examine the isolating and collective effects of some structural features, including average degree, shortcuts, and level of centrality, on the categorization process. This study extends the previous simulations mainly on lexical evolution, and illustrates a general framework to systematically explore the effect of social structure on language evolution.

Linguistic categorization: Prototypes in linguistic theory

Lingua ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Linguistic Categorization

scholarly journals Olfactory language and abstraction across cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1752) ◽  
pp. 20170139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asifa Majid ◽  
Niclas Burenhult ◽  
Marcus Stensmyr ◽  
Josje de Valk ◽  
Bill S. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Abstract Domains ◽  
Linguistic Categorization ◽  
The Brain

Olfaction presents a particularly interesting arena to explore abstraction in language. Like other abstract domains, such as time, odours can be difficult to conceptualize. An odour cannot be seen or held, it can be difficult to locate in space, and for most people odours are difficult to verbalize. On the other hand, odours give rise to primary sensory experiences. Every time we inhale we are using olfaction to make sense of our environment. We present new experimental data from 30 Jahai hunter-gatherers from the Malay Peninsula and 30 matched Dutch participants from the Netherlands in an odour naming experiment. Participants smelled monomolecular odorants and named odours while reaction times, odour descriptors and facial expressions were measured. We show that while Dutch speakers relied on concrete descriptors, i.e. they referred to odour sources (e.g. smells like lemon ), the Jahai used abstract vocabulary to name the same odours (e.g. musty ). Despite this differential linguistic categorization, analysis of facial expressions showed that the two groups, nevertheless, had the same initial emotional reactions to odours. Critically, these cross-cultural data present a challenge for how to think about abstraction in language. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Varieties of abstract concepts: development, use and representation in the brain’.

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