Fatty acids are not an important fuel for coronary microvascular endothelial cells

1989 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Spahr ◽  
A. Krützfeldt ◽  
S. Mertens ◽  
B. Siegmund ◽  
H. M. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

Real- time interaction analysis of Shiga toxins and membrane microdomains of primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells

Glycobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Detzner ◽  
Daniel Steil ◽  
Gottfried Pohlentz ◽  
Nadine Legros ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Humpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Shiga Toxins ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

Abstract Infections of the human intestinal tract with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) result in massive extraintestinal complications due to translocation of EHEC-released Shiga toxins (Stxs) from the gut into the circulation. Stx-mediated damage of the cerebral microvasculature raises serious brain dysfunction being the most frequent cause of acute mortality in patients suffering from severe EHEC infections. Stx2a and Stx2e are associated with heavy and mild course of infection, respectively. Stx2a preferentially binds to globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer), while Stx2e prefers globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer, GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer). Both glycosphingolipids (GSLs) were detected in detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) of primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (pHBMECs) resembling microdomains of the plasma membrane. In this study we show that Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer of pHBMECs with saturated C16:0, C22:0, and C24:0 fatty acids dominated in DRMs, corresponding to the liquid-ordered membrane phase, whereas lipoforms carrying unsaturated C24:1 and C24:2 fatty acids prevailed in the nonDRM fractions, which correspond to the liquid-disordered membrane phase. Similarly, a shift of the phospholipids from saturated lipoforms in the DRM to unsaturated species in the nonDRM fractions was observed. Real-time biomolecular interaction analysis using affinity-purified Stx2a and Stx2e, recorded with a surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensor, evidenced high binding strength of both toxins towards DRMs and failure in interaction with nonDRMs. These results support the hypothesis of preferential binding of Stxs towards microdomains harbouring GSL receptors carrying saturated fatty acids in their lipid anchors. Collectively, unravelling the precise mechanisms of Stx-microdomain interaction may help to develop antiadhesive compounds to combat Stx-mediated cellular injury.

Fatty Acids and Glucose Increase Neutral Endopeptidase Activity in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Shock ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornprom Muangman ◽  
Michelle L. Spenny ◽  
Richard N. Tamura ◽  
Nicole S. Gibran
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endopeptidase Activity ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids attenuate constitutive and insulin-induced CD36 expression through a suppression of PPARα/γ activity in microvascular endothelial cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (09) ◽  
pp. 500-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalinda Madonna ◽  
Sara Salerni ◽  
Deborah Schiavone ◽  
Jan Glatz ◽  
Yong-Jian Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cd36 Expression ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

SummaryMicrovascular dysfunction occurs in insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinaemia. Enhanced uptake of free fatty acids (FFA) and oxidised low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) may lead to oxidative stress and microvascular dysfunction interacting with CD36, a PPARα/γ-regulated scavenger receptor and long-chain FFA transporter. We investigated CD36 expression and CD36-mediated oxLDL uptake before and after insulin treatment in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs), ± different types of fatty acids (FA), including palmitic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. Insulin (10−8 and 10−7 M) time-dependently increased DiI-oxLDL uptake and CD36 surface expression (by 30 ± 13%, p<0.05 vs. untreated control after 24 hours incubation), as assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, an effect that was potentiated by the PI3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin and reverted by the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 and the PPARα/γ antagonist GW9662. A ≥24 hour exposure to 50 μM DHA or EPA, but not other FA, blunted both the constitutive (by 23 ± 3% and 29 ± 2%, respectively, p<0.05 for both) and insulin-induced CD36 expressions (by 45 ± 27 % and 12 ± 3 %, respectively, p<0.05 for both), along with insulin-induced uptake of DiI-oxLDL and the downregulation of phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (P-eNOS). At gel shift assays, DHA reverted insulin-induced basal and oxLDL-stimulated transactivation of PPRE and DNA binding of PPARα/γ and NF-κB. In conclusion, omega-3 fatty acids blunt the increased CD36 expression and activity promoted by high concentrations of insulin. Such mechanisms may be the basis for the use of omega-3 fatty acids in diabetic microvasculopathy.

Fatty acids are not an important fuel for coronary microvascular endothelial cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Spahr ◽  
A. Kr�tzfeldt ◽  
S. Mertens ◽  
B. Siegmund ◽  
H.M. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

Resveratrol Reduces Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Activity Induced by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation in Human Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahide Cavdar ◽  
Mehtap Y. Egrilmez ◽  
Zekiye S. Altun ◽  
Nur Arslan ◽  
Nilgun Yener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Oxygen Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

The main pathophysiology in cerebral ischemia is the structural alteration in the neurovascular unit, coinciding with neurovascular matrix degradation. Among the human matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and -9, known as gelatinases, are the key enzymes for degrading type IV collagen, which is the major component of the basal membrane that surrounds the cerebral blood vessel. In the present study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and gelatinases (MMP-2 and -9) in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells exposed to 6 hours of oxygen-glucose deprivation and a subsequent 24 hours of reoxygenation with glucose (OGD/R), to mimic ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. Lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly, in comparison to that in the normoxia group. ROS was markedly increased in the OGD/R group, compared to normoxia. Correspondingly, ROS was significantly reduced with 50 μM of resveratrol. The proMMP-2 activity in the OGD/R group showed a statistically significant increase from the control cells. Resveratrol preconditioning decreased significantly the proMMP-2 in the cells exposed to OGD/R in comparison to that in the OGD/R group. Our results indicate that resveratrol regulates MMP-2 activity induced by OGD/R via its antioxidant effect, implying a possible mechanism related to the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol.

Novel anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-1-antitrypsin on lung microvascular endothelial cells

Pneumologie ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wrenger ◽  
N Aggarwal ◽  
E Frenzel ◽  
T Welte ◽  
S Janciauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin
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