The Regulation of Tissue-Specific Casein Gene Expression in Transgenic Animals

1989 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
N. M. Greenberg ◽  
T. V. Reding ◽  
K.-F. Lee ◽  
M.-C. Hung ◽  
J. M. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Casein Gene

Functional study of the equine β-casein and κ-casein gene promoters

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (S1) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Lenasi ◽  
Nadja Kokalj-Vokac ◽  
Mojca Narat ◽  
Antonella Baldi ◽  
Peter Dovc
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Reporter Gene Expression ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Casein Gene ◽  
Casein Genes

Casein genes are expressed in a tissue-specific and highly coordinated manner. The main goals of casein gene promoter studies are to unravel cis- and trans-acting factors involved in the complex signalling pathway controlling milk production, and to explore the possibility of using these promoters for tissue-specific production of heterologous proteins in the mammary gland. Here we present a comparative study of the equine β-casein and κ-casein gene proximal promoters. In order to confirm the assumption that in the horse, as in other mammalian species, casein genes are organized in a cluster located on a single chromosome, we performed in situ hybridization of pro-metaphase chromosomes with two BAC clones containing different equine casein genes. Sequence analysis of the β-casein and κ-casein gene proximal promoters revealed binding sites for activators (STAT5, GRE, NF1, MAF) and repressors (YY1, PMF), characteristic for casein genes. The alignments of casein gene promoters revealed the highest sequence identity in the proximal promoter region between the equine and human β-casein gene promoters. We directly compared the activity of equine β-casein and κ-casein gene promoters in vitro using bovine mammary gland cell line BME-UV1. In this system, the κ-casein gene proximal promoter activated the reporter gene expression more efficiently than the β-casein gene promoter of approximately the same length. The 810 bp of β-casein promoter activated the reporter gene expression more efficiently than the long fragment (1920 bp) and the 1206 bp fragment of the same promoter, which included also 396 bp of 5′ UTR.

Multihormonal Regulation of Casein Gene Expression at the Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Levels in the Mammary Gland

1980 ◽  
pp. 157-193
Author(s):  
JEFFREY M. ROSEN ◽  
ROBERT J. MATUSIK ◽  
DONALD A. RICHARDS ◽  
PRABHAKAR GUPTA ◽  
JOHN R. RODGERS
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Casein Gene

scholarly journals Tissue- and cell-specific casein gene expression. II. Relationship to site-specific DNA methylation.

1983 ◽  
Vol 258 (17) ◽  
pp. 10805-10811 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Johnson ◽  
J Levy ◽  
S C Supowit ◽  
L Y Yu-Lee ◽  
J M Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Casein Gene

scholarly journals The mechanism of progesterone-glucocorticoid interaction in regulation of casein gene expression.

1982 ◽  
Vol 257 (5) ◽  
pp. 2182-2187
Author(s):  
R Ganguly ◽  
P K Majumder ◽  
N Ganguly ◽  
M R Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Casein Gene

Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) during porcine embryo development

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Ann Blomberg ◽  
Kurt A. Zuelke
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Research Strategies

Functional genomics provides a powerful means for delving into the molecular mechanisms involved in pre-implantation development of porcine embryos. High rates of embryonic mortality (30%), following either natural mating or artificial insemination, emphasise the need to improve the efficiency of reproduction in the pig. The poor success rate of live offspring from in vitro-manipulated pig embryos also hampers efforts to generate transgenic animals for biotechnology applications. Previous analysis of differential gene expression has demonstrated stage-specific gene expression for in vivo-derived embryos and altered gene expression for in vitro-derived embryos. However, the methods used to date examine relatively few genes simultaneously and, thus, provide an incomplete glimpse of the physiological role of these genes during embryogenesis. The present review will focus on two aspects of applying functional genomics research strategies for analysing the expression of genes during elongation of pig embryos between gestational day (D) 11 and D12. First, we compare and contrast current methodologies that are being used for gene discovery and expression analysis during pig embryo development. Second, we establish a paradigm for applying serial analysis of gene expression as a functional genomics tool to obtain preliminary information essential for discovering the physiological mechanisms by which distinct embryonic phenotypes are derived.

scholarly journals Methylation of the Cyclin A1 Promoter Correlates with Gene Silencing in Somatic Cell Lines, while Tissue-Specific Expression of Cyclin A1 Is Methylation Independent

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 3316-3329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Müller ◽  
Carol Readhead ◽  
Sven Diederichs ◽  
Gregory Idos ◽  
Rong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Trichostatin A ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Cyclin A1 ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression

ABSTRACT Gene expression in mammalian organisms is regulated at multiple levels, including DNA accessibility for transcription factors and chromatin structure. Methylation of CpG dinucleotides is thought to be involved in imprinting and in the pathogenesis of cancer. However, the relevance of methylation for directing tissue-specific gene expression is highly controversial. The cyclin A1 gene is expressed in very few tissues, with high levels restricted to spermatogenesis and leukemic blasts. Here, we show that methylation of the CpG island of the human cyclin A1 promoter was correlated with nonexpression in cell lines, and the methyl-CpG binding protein MeCP2 suppressed transcription from the methylated cyclin A1 promoter. Repression could be relieved by trichostatin A. Silencing of a cyclin A1 promoter-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgene in stable transfected MG63 osteosarcoma cells was also closely associated with de novo promoter methylation. Cyclin A1 could be strongly induced in nonexpressing cell lines by trichostatin A but not by 5-aza-cytidine. The cyclin A1 promoter-EGFP construct directed tissue-specific expression in male germ cells of transgenic mice. Expression in the testes of these mice was independent of promoter methylation, and even strong promoter methylation did not suppress promoter activity. MeCP2 expression was notably absent in EGFP-expressing cells. Transcription from the transgenic cyclin A1 promoter was repressed in most organs outside the testis, even when the promoter was not methylated. These data show the association of methylation with silencing of the cyclin A1 gene in cancer cell lines. However, appropriate tissue-specific repression of the cyclin A1 promoter occurs independently of CpG methylation.

Histones: genetic diversity and tissue-specific gene expression

1997 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Doenecke ◽  
W. Albig ◽  
C. Bode ◽  
B. Drabent ◽  
K. Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression
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