Effects of an Acetylcholine Precursor on GH Secretion in Elderly Subjects

1994 ◽  
pp. 328-337
Author(s):  
Gian Paolo Ceda ◽  
Gian Piero Marzani ◽  
Valeria Tontodonati ◽  
Emanuela Piovani ◽  
Alberto Banchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Gh Secretion

scholarly journals Plasma ghrelin concentrations in elderly subjects: comparison with anorexic and obese patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. R1-R5 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Rigamonti ◽  
AI Pincelli ◽  
B Corra ◽  
R Viarengo ◽  
SM Bonomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Igf I

Ghrelin, a novel endogenous ligand for the GH secretagogue receptor, has been reported to stimulate GH secretion and food intake in both humans and other animals. Interestingly, recent data indicate that ghrelin is up- and down-regulated in anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity, which are also known to be accompanied by increased and reduced GH levels respectively. Ageing is associated with a gradual but progressive reduction in GH secretion, and by alterations in appetite and food intake. The role of ghrelin in the decline of somatotroph function and the anorexia of ageing is unknown. To investigate the influence of age on circulating levels of ghrelin, a total of 19 young and old normal weight subjects (Y-NW, n=12; O-NW, n=7), six patients with active AN (A-AN), and seven patients with morbid obesity (OB) were studied. In addition to fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations, baseline serum TSH, IGF-I and insulin levels were measured. Mean plasma ghrelin concentrations in A-AN or OB were higher and lower respectively than those present in Y-NW. Interestingly, mean plasma ghrelin concentrations in O-NW were significantly lower than those present in Y-NW and superimposable on those of OB. The mean fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations in all groups of subjects were negatively correlated with body mass index and serum insulin levels, but not with TSH and IGF-I levels. This study provides evidence of an age-related decline of plasma ghrelin concentrations, which might explain, at least partially, the somatotroph dysregulation and the anorexia of the elderly subject.

Pyridostigmine partially restores the GH responsiveness to GHRH in normal aging

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ghigo ◽  
S. Goffi ◽  
E. Arvat ◽  
M. Nicolosi ◽  
M. Procopio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Plasma Gh

Abstract. In 11 elderly normal subjects and in 17 young healthy subjects we studied the response of plasma growth hormone to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH(29), 1 μg/kg iv) alone and preceded by pyridostigmine ( 120 mg orally 60 min before GHRH), a cholinesterase inhibitor likely able to suppress somatostatin release. The GH response to pyridostigmine alone was also examined. Basal plasma GH levels were similar in elderly and young subjects. In the elderly, GHRH induced a GH rise (AUC, median and range: 207.5, 43.5-444.0 μg · 1−1 · h−1) which was lower (p = 0.006) than that observed in young subjects (548.0, 112.5-2313.5 μg · 1−1 · h−1). The pyridostigmine-induced GH rise in the elderly was similar to that in young subjects (300.5, 163.0-470.0 vs 265.0, 33.0-514.5 μg · 1−1 · h−1). Pyridostigmine potentiated the GH responsiveness to GHRH in both elderly (437.5, 152.0-1815.5 μg · 1−1 · h−1; p = 0.01 vs GHRH alone) and young subjects (2140.0, 681.5-4429.5 μg · 1−1 · h−1; p = 0.0001 vs GHRH alone). However, the GH response to pyridostigmine + GHRH was significantly lower (p = 0.0001) in elderly than in young subjects. In conclusion, the cholinergic enhancement by pyridostigmine is able to potentiate the blunted GH response to GHRH in elderly subjects, inducing a GH increase similar to that observed after GHRH alone in young adults. This finding suggests that an alteration of somatostatinergic tone could be involved in the reduced GH secretion in normal aging. However, a decreased GH response to combined administration of pyridostigmine and GHRH in elderly subjects suggests that other abnormalities may coexist, leading to the secretory hypoactivity of somatotropes.

THE ADMINISTRATION OF ALPHA-GLYCERYLPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE POTENTIATES THE GH SECRETION OF YOUNG AND ELDERLY SUBJECTS.

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 34B
Author(s):  
G. P. Ceda ◽  
L. Denti ◽  
G. Marzani ◽  
E. Piovani ◽  
A. Banchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Young And Elderly Subjects

scholarly journals Plasma ghrelin levels in healthy elderly volunteers: the levels of acylated ghrelin in elderly females correlate positively with serum IGF-I levels and bowel movement frequency and negatively with systolic blood pressure

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Akamizu ◽  
T Murayama ◽  
S Teramukai ◽  
K Miura ◽  
I Bando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Movement Frequency ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Bowel Movement Frequency

Aging is associated with a decrease in growth hormone (GH) secretion, appetite and energy intake. As ghrelin stimulates both GH secretion and appetite, reductions in ghrelin levels may be involved in the reductions in GH secretion and appetite observed in the elderly. However, only preliminary studies have been performed on the role of ghrelin in elderly subjects. In this study, we sought to clarify the physiologic implications of the age-related alterations in ghrelin secretion by determining plasma ghrelin levels and other clinical parameters in healthy elderly subjects. Subjects were ≥ 65 years old, corresponding to the SENIEUR protocol, had not had a resection of the upper gastrointestinal tract and had not been treated with hormones. One hundred and five volunteers (49 men and 56 women) were admitted to this study (73.4 ± 6.3 years old). Plasma levels of acylated ghrelin in elderly female subjects positively correlated with serum IGF-I levels and bowel movement frequency and negatively with systolic blood pressure. In elderly men, desacyl ghrelin levels correlated only weakly with bowel movement frequency. These findings suggest that the plasma levels of the acylated form of ghrelin may influence the age-related alterations in GH/IGF-I regulation, blood pressure and bowel motility. These observational associations warrant further experimental studies to clarify the physiologic significance of these effects.

Effects of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine administration on basal and growth hormone-releasing hormone-induced growth hormone secretion in elderly subjects

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Paolo Ceda ◽  
Graziano Ceresini ◽  
Licia Denti ◽  
Dario Magnani ◽  
Lorenzo Marchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Serum Gh

Abstract. The basal and GH-releasing hormone-stimulated secretion of GH declines in the elderly. We tested the ability of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine, a drug used in the treatment of stroke and Parkinson's disease, to alter GH secretion in 11 healthy elderly volunteers, aged 69-84. Each subject received an iv infusion of 2 g of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine or normal saline. GHRH and TRH were also administered during cytidine 5'diphosphocholine infusions. The infusion of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine induced a 4-fold (p<0.05) increase in serum GH levels over basal values. A small increase in GH was seen after GHRH administration. However, the addition of GHRH to the cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine infusion resulted in a GH response which was significantly greater than that seen after GHRH alone; the integrated concentration of GH was more than 2-fold greater in the cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine treated group (706.85± 185.1 vs 248.9±61.4 μg · l−1 · (120 min)−1; p=0.01). The PRL and TSH responses to TRH were not significantly affected by cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine infusion, indicating that dopaminergic mechanisms are not involved. These studies demonstrate that cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine can enhance basal and GHRH-stimulated GH release in the elderly, but the mechanism of action of the drug remains unclear.

Effects of a 6-Week Straw Phonation in Water Exercise Program on the Aging Voice

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1032
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsin Wu ◽  
Roger W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Aging Voice ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises with tubes or straws have been widely used for a variety of voice disorders. Yet, the effects of longer periods of SOVT exercises (lasting for weeks) on the aging voice are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of a 6-week straw phonation in water (SPW) exercise program. Method Thirty-seven elderly subjects with self-perceived voice problems were assigned into two groups: (a) SPW exercises with six weekly sessions and home practice (experimental group) and (b) vocal hygiene education (control group). Before and after intervention (2 weeks after the completion of the exercise program), acoustic analysis, auditory–perceptual evaluation, and self-assessment of vocal impairment were conducted. Results Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences between the two groups in smoothed cepstral peak prominence measures, harmonics-to-noise ratio, the auditory–perceptual parameter of breathiness, and Voice Handicap Index-10 scores postintervention. No significant differences between the two groups were found for other measures. Conclusions Our results supported the positive effects of SOVT exercises for the aging voice, with a 6-week SPW exercise program being a clinical option. Future studies should involve long-term follow-up and additional outcome measures to better understand the efficacy of SOVT exercises, particularly SPW exercises, for the aging voice.

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