Trichogramma Nontarget Impacts: A Method for Biological Control Risk Assessment

2000 ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Orr ◽  
Carlos Garcia-Salazar ◽  
Douglas A. Landis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Control Risk

Systematic cultivar selection for weed biological control risk assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 104816
Author(s):  
Greg Lefoe ◽  
Cindy E. Hauser ◽  
Jackie Steel ◽  
Anthony T. Slater ◽  
Raelene M. Kwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Weed Biological Control ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Control Risk

An Analysis of Cross-Sectional Differences in Big and Non-Big Public Accounting Firms' Audit Programs

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Blokdijk ◽  
Fred Drieenhuizen ◽  
Dan A. Simunic ◽  
Michael T. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Public Accounting ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Public Accounting Firms ◽  
Audit Approach ◽  
Control Risk

A significant body of prior research has shown that audits by the Big 5 (now Big 4) public accounting firms are quality differentiated relative to non-Big 5 audits. This result can be derived analytically by assuming that Big 5 and non-Big 5 firms face different loss functions for “audit failures” and is consistent with a variety of empirical evidence from studies of audit fees, auditor changes, and the stock price reaction to audited earnings. However, there is no existing evidence (of which we are aware) concerning the underlying production differences between Big 5 and non-Big 5 audits. As a result, existing empirical evidence cannot distinguish between the possibility that Big 5 audits are simply perceived to be different (e.g., by investors) or actually differ in how they are produced. Our research objective is to identify the production characteristics of audit engagements that may explain the differences in expected audit quality between Big 5 and non-Big 5 firms. In this archival study, we examine the total audit effort and the allocation of effort to four audit phases—planning, (control) risk assessment, substantive testing, and completion—for a cross-section sample of 113 audits of Dutch companies in 1998/99 by 14 public accounting firms. We find that, after controlling for client characteristics: (1) both types of auditors exert about the same amount of total audit effort; (2) Big 5 auditors allocate relatively more effort to planning and (control) risk assessment, and relatively less to substantive testing and completion; and (3) client size, use of the business-risk-based audit approach, and reliance on client internal controls affect audit hours differently for the two auditor types. We conclude that the Big 5 firms actually produce a higher audit quality level, and that this quality difference is related to how audit hours are deployed in a more contextual and less procedural audit approach.

scholarly journals Publisher Correction to: Integrating adverse effect analysis into environmental risk assessment for exotic generalist arthropod biological control agents: a three-tiered framework

BioControl ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora P. Paula ◽  
David A. Andow ◽  
Barbara I. P. Barratt ◽  
Robert S. Pfannenstiel ◽  
Philippa J. Gerard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Effect Analysis

A comparison of methods for selecting non-target species for risk assessment of the biological control agent Cotesia urabae

BioControl ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqui H. Todd ◽  
Barbara I. P. Barratt ◽  
Toni M. Withers ◽  
Lisa A. Berndt ◽  
Belinda Gresham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Target Species

Progress in risk assessment for classical biological control

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.I.P. Barratt ◽  
F.G. Howarth ◽  
T.M. Withers ◽  
J.M. Kean ◽  
G.S. Ridley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Classical Biological Control
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