Literature Review : Gambaran Penerapan Terapi Assertiveness Training Terhadap Penurunan Resiko Perilaku Kekerasan Klien Skizofrenia

Violent behavior is a condition in which a person performs actions that can harm both himself and others. This behavior that occurs in schizophrenic clients’ needs to be handled appropriately so that something unwanted does not happen. As we know, one of methods control risk of violent behavior is assertiveness training. This scientific paper aims to find out the effects of applying this therapy in reducing risk of violent behavior on scizophrenic clients. From this literature review , it obtained the average value of pretest is 36.84 and posttest is 26.12. It resulted p value 0,001, (<0,005). That proved there is effect of the training in reducing risks of violent behavior on schizophrenic clients. So, it is recommended for the nurses to apply this theraphy as the alternative way to reduce that such a behavior on schizophrenic clients.Keywords: risk of violent behavior ; schizophrenic clients ; assertiveness training AbstrakPerilaku kekerasan adalah suatu keadaan dimana seseorang melakukan tindakan yang dapat membahayakan baik kepada diri sendiri maupun orang lain. Perilaku kekerasan yang terjadi pada klien skizofrenia perlu penanganan secara tepat agar tidak terjadi sesuatu yang tidak di inginkan. Assertiveness Training merupakan salah satu metode untuk mengontrol resiko perilaku kekerasan. Tujian karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penerapan terapi Assertiveness Training terhadap penurunan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia. Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah literature review. Hasil analisis didapatkan nilai rata-rata pre test sebesar 36,84 dan post test sebesar 26,12 dengan hasil p value sebesar 0,001, (<0,005). Kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh terapi Assertiveness Training terhadap penurunan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia. Saran bagi tenaga keperawatan yaitu diharapkan dapat menerapkan terapi Assertiveness Training untuk menurunkan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia.Kata kunci: resiko perilaku kekerasan ; skizofrenia ; terapi assertiveness training

Automated Workflow Based on Transient, Multiphase Technology Improves Well Control Planning Efficiency and Reduces Risk

The use of automated workflows for engineering calculations is significantly improving the efficiency of modern well planning systems. Current automated well control solutions are at large limited to single bubble considerations. Transient, multiphase technology has proven to be more accurate and reliable for well control planning, but it has been too complex to automate and integrate into automated engineering systems. The objective of this work is to improve well control planning efficiency by using an automated workflow that enables integration of transient multiphase technology into modern well-planning systems. The workflow is based around an advanced multiphase engine that covers all relevant physical processes in the wellbore including transient temperature and acceleration. The model has an accurate equations-of-state- (EOS) based pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) model with compositional tracking that, in combination with the transient temperature, can accurately predict the transition from dissolved to free gas - a key parameter in the development of a kick. The workflow is based on Driller's method and has been automated with a controller network that moves the simulation through the distinct phases of the driller's first circulation without any interaction from the user. High-performance cloud computing ensures the workflow performance. The drilling industry has focused on risk reductions after the Deepwater Horizon (BSSE 2010) accident. But the well-control risk is still high. In Norway, the reported incidents indicate a flat or increasing trend. Geological uncertainties and inaccurate mud density (static and circulating) have been identified as root causes for the majority of the reported incidents. Transient multiphase models are reducing well-control risk by accurately modeling downhole variations in fluid pressure as a function of operational mode, fluids, influx type, geometry, water depth, and pressure and temperature conditions. Such models have been regarded as expert tools because of the complexity and numerically demanding simulations. The automated workflow enables a well control engineer to run accurate multiphase simulations with the same user effort as single bubble kick tolerance tools. In special cases where more sensitivities are required, it is easy to transfer the project to the expert mode - where the automated simulation can be finetuned.

Looming Uncertainties of Neoliberal Techno-optimism

This chapter engages the looming politics of uncertainty and optimism surrounding Ghana’s e-waste management and infrastructural future. Beyond a discardscape of toxic risk, Agbogbloshie can also be understood as an intervention environment in the urban margins where uncertainty and neoliberal techno-optimism thrive. The ethnographic findings explored expose how efforts to address e-waste “crisis” in Agbogbloshie are conditioned by sociotechnical renderings of pollution control, risk mitigation, and e-waste economization efforts that tend to perpetuate green developmentalist agendas, projects, and discourses of hope centered on cleaning up Agbogbloshie. As explored in this chapter, other, more radical, perspectives, ways of knowing, and methods of intervention might be needed to address Ghana’s e-waste challenges, especially environmental health interventions and e-waste policies directly informed by emerging “just transition” and decolonization debates.

Demographic and Psychological Factors and Preparation for Earthquakes

<p>New Zealand, like many countries, is at risk from a number of natural disasters including flooding, volcanoes, and earthquakes. The risk of exposure to such disasters over the course of a lifetime is substantial (Norris, 1992). Despite this, many New Zealanders are unprepared for the consequences of a natural disaster; nearly a quarter of New Zealand homes have flaws which could see them seriously damaged or detached from their foundations in a major earthquake (Ansell & Taber, 1996). Recent research suggests that psychological variables contribute to people's lack of preparation for natural disasters. A limitation, however, of much of this research has been the lack of attention paid to the psychometric quality of the instruments used to measure key constructs. The present investigation aimed to examine the relationships between different dimensions of personality and earthquake preparation in a large sample of Wellington residents using psychometrically sound measures. Measures of locus of control, risk, and earthquake preparation were first evaluated in a series of studies using both university students and Wellington residents. These questionnaires were then administered, along with items pertaining to the construct of unrealistic optimism, to a total of 358 Wellington residents. The results showed that locus of control, risk precaution, home ownership, and length of residence were significant predictors of earthquake preparation. Moreover, people exhibited evidence of unrealistic optimism, as demonstrated by both a belief that they were better prepared for a major earthquake than an acquaintance, or other Wellingtonians, and by a belief that they were personally less likely than others to suffer injury in a major earthquake. The implications of these results for emergency managers are discussed and several recommendations are made.</p>

Demographic and Psychological Factors and Preparation for Earthquakes

<p>New Zealand, like many countries, is at risk from a number of natural disasters including flooding, volcanoes, and earthquakes. The risk of exposure to such disasters over the course of a lifetime is substantial (Norris, 1992). Despite this, many New Zealanders are unprepared for the consequences of a natural disaster; nearly a quarter of New Zealand homes have flaws which could see them seriously damaged or detached from their foundations in a major earthquake (Ansell & Taber, 1996). Recent research suggests that psychological variables contribute to people's lack of preparation for natural disasters. A limitation, however, of much of this research has been the lack of attention paid to the psychometric quality of the instruments used to measure key constructs. The present investigation aimed to examine the relationships between different dimensions of personality and earthquake preparation in a large sample of Wellington residents using psychometrically sound measures. Measures of locus of control, risk, and earthquake preparation were first evaluated in a series of studies using both university students and Wellington residents. These questionnaires were then administered, along with items pertaining to the construct of unrealistic optimism, to a total of 358 Wellington residents. The results showed that locus of control, risk precaution, home ownership, and length of residence were significant predictors of earthquake preparation. Moreover, people exhibited evidence of unrealistic optimism, as demonstrated by both a belief that they were better prepared for a major earthquake than an acquaintance, or other Wellingtonians, and by a belief that they were personally less likely than others to suffer injury in a major earthquake. The implications of these results for emergency managers are discussed and several recommendations are made.</p>

Assessing compliance of infection prevention mitigation strategies in hospital construction and renovation

Hospital-associated fungal infections from construction and renovation activities can be mitigated using an infection control risk assessment (ICRA) and implementation of infection prevention measures. The effectiveness of these measures depends on proper installation and maintenance. Consistent infection prevention construction rounding with feedback is key to ongoing compliance.

Audit Risk Assessment and Influence on the Auditor`s Opinion

Risk is one of the most controversial elements that auditors face in audit missions. This refers to the probability that significant misstatements will exist in the financial statements of companies, and the auditor will issue an unqualified opinion, therefore an erroneous opinion. For the auditor, the audit risk can be considered an economic risk, which requires the professional accountant to try to minimize this risk. Accurate identification and evaluation of the risk factors that characterize the three components of the Audit Risk - Inherent Risk, Control Risk and Detection Risk - contribute to a rigorous planning of the audit approach. In other words, the identified risks will be the basis for orienting the auditor's efforts towards those areas where distortions can lead to the alteration of the true image reported by the users' financial statements. In this study are identified and prioritized, based on financial reports in general, and of the audit, in particular the risk factors that characterize Audit Risk on three components: Inherent Risk, Control Risk and Detection Risk. The sample studied is represented by companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange on the regulated market, and the cause-effect analysis, but also cross-sectional analysis takes into account the period 2019-2020, before the crisis caused by Covid-19 and year of installation of the crisis. By testing and validating research hypotheses using regression methods and multivariate data analysis, it is highlighted that a ranking of audit risk components can be made, the inherent risk having a greater influence on audit planning than control risks and detection risks. Also, at the level of the analyzed sample, a company profile is identified, depending on the object of activity, auditor, the size of the audit risk and the opinion formulated in the audit report for the financial year closed at the end of 2020.