Shivering in Aerobic and Anaerobic Muscles in Bantams (Gallus Domesticus)

1989 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnfinn Aulie ◽  
Øivind Tøien
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Otoconia formation in the chick embryo

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
C.D. Fermin ◽  
M. Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Basic Fuchsin ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Sensory Epithelia ◽  
Transmission Electron

Otoconia are microscopic geometric structures that cover the sensory epithelia of the utricle and saccule (gravitational receptors) of mammals, and the lagena macula of birds. The importance of otoconia for maintanance of the body balance is evidenced by the abnormal behavior of species with genetic defects of otolith. Although a few reports have dealt with otoconia formation, some basic questions remain unanswered. The chick embryo is desirable for studying otoconial formation because its inner ear structures are easily accessible, and its gestational period is short (21 days of incubation).The results described here are part of an intensive study intended to examine the morphogenesis of the otoconia in the chick embryo (Gallus- domesticus) inner ear. We used chick embryos from the 4th day of incubation until hatching, and examined the specimens with light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The embryos were decapitated, and fixed by immersion with 3% cold glutaraldehyde. The ears and their parts were dissected out under the microscope; no decalcification was used. For LM, the ears were embedded in JB-4 plastic, cut serially at 5 micra and stained with 0.2% toluidine blue and 0.1% basic fuchsin in 25% alcohol.

Otoconia perfect/imperfect crystals

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
César D. Fermin ◽  
Dale Martin
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Crystal Matrix ◽  
Organic Templates ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Otoconia of higher vertebrates are interesting biological crystals that display the diffraction patterns of perfect crystals (e.g., calcite for birds and mammal) when intact, but fail to produce a regular crystallographic pattern when fixed. Image processing of the fixed crystal matrix, which resembles the organic templates of teeth and bone, failed to clarify a paradox of biomineralization described by Mann. Recently, we suggested that inner ear otoconia crystals contain growth plates that run in different directions, and that the arrangement of the plates may contribute to the turning angles seen at the hexagonal faces of the crystals.Using image processing algorithms described earlier, and Fourier Transform function (2FFT) of BioScan Optimas®, we evaluated the patterns in the packing of the otoconia fibrils of newly hatched chicks (Gallus domesticus) inner ears. Animals were fixed in situ by perfusion of 1% phosphotungstic acid (PTA) at room temperature through the left ventricle, after intraperitoneal Nembutal (35mg/Kg) deep anesthesia. Negatives were made with a Hitachi H-7100 TEM at 50K-400K magnifications. The negatives were then placed on a light box, where images were filtered and transferred to a 35 mm camera as described.

Platelet Metabolism during the Interiorization of Two Different Types of Particulate Matter

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Cooper ◽  
P Cochrane ◽  
B. G. Firkin ◽  
K. J. Pinkard
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Polystyrene Latex ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

SummaryIt has been suggested that human platelets possess the ability to phagocytose particulate matter similar to the polymorphonuclear leukocyte. However some difference of opinion has arisen regarding this contention, particularly as differences have been demonstrated with regard to the observed metabolic changes occurring in platelets related to such a process.The experiments reported in this paper were designed to observe the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in human platelets during and following interiorization of two different particles, viz. polystyrene latex and thorotrast. The results of these experiments show a marked difference between both types of particles with regard to observable metabolic changes despite the rapid interiorization of both types of material. Some alteration occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism a considerable time after interiorization of latex, whereas no alteration could be demonstrated after interiorization of thorotrast. It is suggested that the interiorization of particulate matter is by some process other than phagocytosis and that observed metabolic changes related to latex may be due to a release reaction.

Microbiological purity of syringes containing composites in the context of cross-infection prevention in dental practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Joanna Bialowska ◽  
Witold Bojar ◽  
Tomasz Zareba ◽  
Stefan Tyski ◽  
Barbara Tymczyna-Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Dental Practices ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

AbstractCross-infection involves the transmission of microorganisms through secretions, bodily fluids and excreta, as well as undisinfected surfaces and medical equipment. In the dental office, diseases are transmitted via various routes, e.g. from patient to dentist or other member of dental team, from doctor or dental team member to patient, from patient to another patient, from dental office to community and from community to patient. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of infection control in dental practices based on the qualitative and quantitative assessment of microbiological contaminants detected on the surface of filling material packaging used in dental offices. The material for research were 9 packages containing dental materials during their use in 3 dental settings. The packages were placed in sterile flasks and rinsed to wash microorganisms from the surfaces. The washes were filtered through membrane filters and cultured under proper aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and at elevated CO2 concentration. Microbial growth on TIO and TSB media was observed. The contamination of most samples remained low as indicated by the growth from one to a maximum of five colonies on TSA. The contamination remained at the level of 10-50 CFU/package, i.e. <100 CFU/single package. The tests evaluating the contamination of dental package surfaces with aerobic bacteria confirmed high hygiene standards observed in dental offices from which the packages were brought.

β-Cyclodextrin Polymers on Microcrystalline Cellulose as a Granular Media for Organic Micropollutant Removal from Water

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Alzate-Sanchez ◽  
Yuhan Ling ◽  
Chenjun Li ◽  
Benjamin Frank ◽  
Reiner Bleher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Thin Coating ◽  
Micropollutant Removal ◽  
Cyclodextrin Polymers ◽  
Flow Experiments ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Cellulose Composite

This manuscript describes cyclodextrin polymers formed as a thin coating on microcrystalline cellulose. The resulting polymer/cellulose composite shows promising performance for removing organic pollutants from water and can be packed into columns for continuous-flow experiments. The polymer/cellulose composite also shows excellent resistance to aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document