An Inhibitory Effect of Propolis on Germination and Cell Division in the Root Tips of Wheat Seedlings

Bee Products ◽  
1997 ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
K. Sorkun ◽  
S. Bozcuk ◽  
A. N. Gömürgen ◽  
F. Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Uptake of labeled glucose by root tips from etiolated wheat seedlings

1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mertz ◽  
P. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Root Tips ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Effects of Trifluralin on Root Morphology and Mineral Status of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Seedlings

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry M. Olson ◽  
Robert B. McKercher ◽  
Edward H. Halstead
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Mineral Status ◽  
Seminal Roots ◽  
Percent Nitrogen

Growth chamber studies using one soil investigated the effects of trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) at 0.0, 0.4, and 0.8 ppmw on the root development and the mineral status of wheat (Triticum aestivumL. ‘Neepawa’) seedlings. The 0.8-ppmw trifluralin rate increased the number of seminal roots, reduced lateral root production, decreased root extension, caused root tips to swell (club-like appearance), and reduced root dry weights. However, 0.4-ppmw trifluralin caused only slight damage to the seedlings. Towards the end of the two-week growth period, damaged seedlings showed signs of recovery, which included an increased number of seminal roots, development of normal root extensions from clubbed root tips, and development of normal lateral root patterns. Trifluralin increased percent calcium and magnesium and decreased percent nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in wheat plants. The nutrient concentrations were more affected in 21-day-old plants than in 35-day-old plants, indicating the wheat seedlings were able to recover from trifluralin injury.

Uptake, Translocation, and Herbicidal Effect of Diphenamid

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Deli ◽  
G. F. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitor ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
The Difference

Root application ofN,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide (diphenamid) caused reduction of root and shoot growth of oats (Avena sativaL., var. Jaycee) seedlings. Shoot application did not affect plant growth, but studies with labeled diphenamid showed that diphenamid will enter also through the shoot. In ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederaceaL.), a considerable amount of label was translocated from the roots to the shoots, but not in oats seedlings. The difference in tolerance between these two species (oats susceptible, morningglory resistant) may lie in the ability of morningglory to translocate diphenamid out of the roots into the shoots faster than oats. The inhibitory effect of diphenamid was restricted to the site of uptake. Reduction in shoot growth of treated plants was the result of the limited root system and it was not a direct effect of diphenamid. Diphenamid was 10 times as toxic to oats as its metabolites. Oats seedlings inhibited by diphenamid for up to 5 days, and then placed in water recovered from the diphenamid caused inhibition. The resumed root growth appeared to be normal. The amount of uptake of14C-labeled sucrose by excised roots treated with 10−5M diphenamid was equal to that in untreated roots; however, more sugar was incorporated into the untreated roots than the treated roots. It appears that diphenamid is a reversible metabolic inhibitor; it inhibits cell division in the root tip perhaps by limiting utilization of substrates in the cells.

scholarly journals Mycobacterial Di-O-Acyl-Trehalose Inhibits Mitogen- and Antigen-Induced Proliferation of Murine T Cells In Vitro

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Saavedra ◽  
Erika Segura ◽  
Rosario Leyva ◽  
Luis A. Esparza ◽  
Luz M. López-Marı́n
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
Focus Of Infection

ABSTRACT 2,3-Di-O-acyl-trehalose (DAT) is a glycolipid located on the outer layer of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell envelope. Due to its noncovalent linkage to the mycobacterial peptidoglycan, DAT could easily interact with host cells located in the focus of infection. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of DAT on the proliferation of murine spleen cells. DAT was purified from reference strains of M. tuberculosis,or M. fortuitum as a surrogate source of the compound, by various chromatography and solvent extraction procedures and then chemically identified. Incubation of mouse spleen cells with DAT inhibited in a dose-dependent manner concanavalin A-stimulated proliferation of the cells. Experiments, including the propidium iodide exclusion test, showed that these effects were not due to death of the cells. Tracking of cell division by labeling with 5,6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester revealed that DAT reduces the rounds of cell division. Immunofluorescence with an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody indicated that T lymphocytes were the population affected in our model. Our experiments also suggest that the extent of the suppressive activity is strongly dependent on the structural composition of the acyl moieties in DATs. Finally, the inhibitory effect was also observed on antigen-induced proliferation of mouse spleen cells specific for Toxoplasma gondii. All of these data suggest that DAT could have a role in the T-cell hyporesponsiveness observed in chronic tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Effects of caffeine and other methylxanthines on the development and metabolism of sea urchin eggs. Involvement of NADP and glutathione.

1976 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Nath ◽  
J I Rebhun
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Nad Kinase ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity

Methylxanthines (MX) inhibit cell division in sea urchin and clam eggs. This inhibitory effect is not mediated via cAMP. MX also inhibit respiration in marine eggs, at concentrations which inhibit cleavage. Studies showed that no changes occurred in ATP and ADP levels in the presence of inhibitory concentrations of MX, indicating an extra-mitochondrial site of action for the drug. Subsequent studies revealed decreased levels of NADP+ and NADPH, when eggs were incubated with inhibitory concentrations of MX, but no change in levels of NAD+ and NADH. MX did not affect the pentose phosphate shunt pathway and did not have any effect on the enzyme NAD+ -kinase. Further studies showed a marked inhibitory effect on the glutathione reductase activity of MX-treated eggs. Reduced glutathione (GSH) could reverse the cleavage inhibitory effect of MX. Moreover, diamide, a thiol-oxidizing agent specific for GSH in living cells, caused inhibition of cell division in sea urchin eggs. Diamide added to eggs containing mitotic apparatus (MA) could prevent cleavage by causing a dissolution of the formed MA. Both MX and diamide inhibit a Ca2+-activated ATPase in whole eggs. The enzyme can be reactivated by sulfhydryl reducing agents added in the assay mixture. In addition, diamide causes an inhibition of microtubule polymerization, reversible with dithioerythritol. All experimental evidence so far suggests that inhibition of mitosis in sea urchin eggs by MX is mediated by perturbations of the in vivo thiol-disulfide status of target systems, with a primary effect on glutathione levels.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of adenosine 3',5'-phosphate on cell division of Escherichia coli K-12 mutant derivatives.

1981 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1105-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Utsumi ◽  
H Tanabe ◽  
Y Nakamoto ◽  
M Kawamukai ◽  
H Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
K 12

Inversion in Volvox tertius: the effects of con A

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
G.W. Ireland ◽  
S.E. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Con A ◽  
Cell Shape Change ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Inside Out

During the development of Volvox tertius spheroids, a single-celled gonidium enlarges and undergoes multiple incomplete cleavages to give an embryo which is ‘inside-out’ with respect to the adult organism. A morphogenetic movement, termed ‘inversion’, turns this hollow ball of cells ‘inside-out’ through a hole, the phialopore. In V. tertius this phialopore possesses 4 inwardly directed lips. Normal inversion was studied in vitro in slide chambers and involved cell-shape changes accompanied by the production of pseudopodia and the bending backwards of the phialopore lips. 100 micrograms/ml Con A specifically and reversibly blocked inversion. Despite the inhibitory effect on cell division, the blocking of inversion was not due to the blocking of the last cell division some 50–100 min prior to inversion. Neither did the first cell-shape change from pear- to spindle-shape appear blocked. A feature of inhibition by Con A was the enhanced production of pseudopodia by embryos blocked at inversion, and the abnormal production of pseudopodia by embryos blocked at earlier stages. Non-inverting embryos showed internal flagella. We suggest that the Con A block to inversion, which may be reversed by alpha-methyl mannoside, arises from the prevention of backwards-bending of the phialopore lips. Fluorescein-isothiocyanate-Con A bound to embryo and cell coat, ane more strongly to the embryo at pre-inversion. SDS-polyacrylamide gel analysis of proteins isolated from embryos showed 4 glycoprotein bands, but Con A binding to these bands could not be demonstrated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document