Reconstruction of Hip Joint Function in Extant and Fossil Primates

1998 ◽  
pp. 111-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura MacLatchy
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Fossil Primates

scholarly journals Differences in Hip Joint Biomechanics and Muscle Activation in Individuals With Femoroacetabular Impingement Compared With Healthy, Asymptomatic Individuals: Is Level-Ground Gait Analysis Enough?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 232596711876982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek J. Rutherford ◽  
Janice Moreside ◽  
Ivan Wong
Keyword(s):  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Level Walking ◽  
Hip Function ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a recognized cause of hip and groin pain and a significant factor in hip joint function during sport. Objective tests for understanding hip function are lacking in this population. Purpose: To determine whether biomechanical and electromyographic features of hip function during level-ground walking differ between a group diagnosed with FAI and those with no symptoms of FAI. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 20 asymptomatic individuals and 20 individuals with FAI walked on a dual-belt instrumented treadmill at self-selected walking velocities. Sagittal and frontal plane joint motions, moments, and muscle activation for the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, and medial and lateral hamstrings were analyzed. Discrete measures were extracted from each biomechanical waveform, and principal component analysis was used to determine hip joint muscle activation and hip adduction moment patterns. Statistical significance was determined by use of Student t tests with Bonferroni adjustments for multiple comparisons (α = .05). Results: Individuals with FAI walked more slowly ( P = .015) and had lower self-reported function ( P < .001). No differences in muscle strength were found between the symptomatic and contralateral legs in the FAI group ( P > .017), but those with FAI had lower strength in the knee extensors and flexors and the hip extensors, flexors, and adductors compared with the asymptomatic group ( P < .017). Individuals with unilateral symptomatic FAI walked with similar biomechanical and hip muscle electromyographic results bilaterally. The only differences found were a greater amplitude of gluteus maximus activation in the FAI symptomatic leg compared with the asymptomatic group and greater medial hamstring activation than lateral hamstring activation in the FAI group in both limbs compared with the asymptomatic group. Conclusion: Individuals with FAI were generally deconditioned and reported significantly more functional limitations. No biomechanical differences existed between groups during level walking, yet hamstring and gluteus maximus activation differed when the symptomatic group was compared with the asymptomatic group. Clinical Relevance: The field lacks objective testing of hip joint function to understand implications of FAI for dynamic movements, particularly with applications to biomechanics and electromyography. Level walking was of limited value for understanding FAI hip function, and the development of a more challenging gait assessment is warranted.

scholarly journals Effect of ERAS Combined with Comfortable Nursing on Quality of Life and Complications in Femoral Neck Fractures of the Aged People

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hu Ping ◽  
Xu Ling ◽  
Yiwei Xue ◽  
Fanghui Dong
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Barthel Score ◽  
Hospital Stays

Objective. To explore the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with comfortable nursing on the quality of life and complications of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture (FNF). Methods. From May 2019 to May 2020, 80 senile FNF patients who admitted to our hospital were treated by total hip arthroplasty (THA). All patients were randomly divided upon admission into a control group (CG) with usual care and a study group (RG) with ERAS combined with comfort care of 40 patients each. The postoperative efficacy was assessed by Harris score of hip joint function, and the psychology was evaluated by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). The SF-36 score of quality of life, the time of catheter removal, the time of getting out of bed, the hospital stays, the satisfaction of nursing, and the Barthel score of self-care ability were compared between the two groups before and after nursing, and the incidence of postoperative complications was also evaluated. Results. Compared with the CG, the SF-36 score of quality of life and Barthel score of self-care ability in the RG were dramatically higher, while the SAS score of anxiety was dramatically lower. Besides, the time of catheter removal, the time of getting out of bed, and the hospital stays in the RG were dramatically lower ( P  < 0.05). Furthermore, the nursing satisfaction and postoperative efficacy of patients in the RG were obviously higher (both P  < 0.05), while the incidence of complications in the RG was obviously lower ( P  < 0.05). Conclusion. ERAS combined with comfortable nursing can improve the hip joint function, quality of life, and self-care ability scores of senile FNF patients; relieve the anxiety in patients; and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, which is valuable to be applied extensively.

Results of applying minimally invasive two-stage decompression with bone alloplasty for avascular necrosis of the femoral head

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
A. V. ANTONOV ◽  
◽  
V. E. VOLOVIK ◽  
A. G. RYKOV ◽  
S. N. BEREZUTSKIY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Two Stage

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a complex medical and social problem. The rapid development of the disease, the complexity of diagnosis and the prevalence among young patients leads to impaired hip joint function and further disability. To improve the quality of life of patients, the Orthopedic Department of the Traumatology Center of Khabarovsk developed a method of minimally invasive two-stage decompression. Surgical treatment was performed in 30 cases in patients with ANFH of stages 0, 1, 2 (by ARCO). Evaluation of treatment results was carried out before operative treatment, after 6 and 12 months. 12 months after surgical treatment, positive dynamics was noted, namely, pain reduction, a walking distance increase, abandonment of crutches, opportunity to use public transport, ability to sit for a long time in one and the same position, to put on shoes, and the abandonment of constant intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The assessment of hip joint function in 20% of cases showed an excellent result, in 26,6% of cases — a good result, in 40% — satisfactory, and in 13,3% (4 people) — unsatisfactory result, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed treatment method and the feasibility of its use.

Weight-bearing Neoarthrosis as Alternative Revision Joint Replacement and Arthrodesis in Purulent Processes in Hip Joint Zone

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
V V Malovichko ◽  
Z I Urazgil'deev ◽  
M B Tsykunov ◽  
V V Malovichko ◽  
Z I Urazgil'deev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Joint Zone ◽  
Complex Program

The experience in treatment and rehabilitation of 100 patients with suppuration following total hip replacement and 60 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of proximal femur and acetabulum is presented. Patients' age ranged from 10 to 84 years. Removal of unstable metallic constructions (implant or fixator) and radical resection fistulosequestrnecrectomia by Girdlestone were performed in all patients. In postoperative period the complex program for the elimination of purulent process and rehabilitation measures were carried out. That program foresaw active and expedient control for compensation of the affected joint function. In all patients purulent inflammatory process was eliminated, weight-bearing hip joint neoarthosis with satisfactory function was formed. According to authors' opinion the formation of weight-bearing neoarthrosis is an adequate alternative to both revision joint replacement and arthrodesis in purulent process in proximal femur and acetabulum.

scholarly journals Modulation of leg joint function to produce emulated acceleration during walking and running in humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 160901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic James Farris ◽  
Brent J. Raiteri
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Walking Gait ◽  
Force And Motion ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
Gait Mechanics ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis

Understanding how humans adapt gait mechanics for a wide variety of locomotor tasks is important for inspiring the design of robotic, prosthetic and wearable assistive devices. We aimed to elicit the mechanical adjustments made to leg joint functions that are required to generate accelerative walking and running, using metrics with direct relevance to device design. Twelve healthy male participants completed constant speed (CS) walking and running and emulated acceleration (ACC) trials on an instrumented treadmill. External force and motion capture data were combined in an inverse dynamics analysis. Ankle, knee and hip joint mechanics were described and compared using angles, moments, powers and normalized functional indexes that described each joint as relatively more: spring, motor, damper or strut-like. To accelerate using a walking gait, the ankle joint was switched from predominantly spring-like to motor-like, while the hip joint was maintained as a motor, with an increase in hip motor-like function. Accelerating while running involved no change in the primary function of any leg joint, but involved high levels of spring and motor-like function at the hip and ankle joints. Mechanical adjustments for ACC walking were achieved primarily via altered limb positioning, but ACC running needed greater joint moments.

The Acetabular Sector Angle of the Adult Hip Determined by Computed Tomography

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Anda ◽  
S. Svenningsen ◽  
L. G. Dale ◽  
P. Benum
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Axial Ct ◽  
Sector Angle

A new set of angles measured on standard axial CT images of the hip joint is defined. The angles provide information on the support of the femoral head from the anterior and the posterior part of the acetabulum. These angles have been measured in 82 adult hips, and correlated to a set of established parameters commonly measured at conventional roentgenography and on CT images of the hip joint. The defined angles may prove to be valuable in the total appreciation of hip joint function and stability.

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