scholarly journals Host Range Restricted, Non-Replicating Vaccinia Virus Vectors as Vaccine Candidates

1996 ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Moss ◽  
Miles W. Carroll ◽  
Linda S. Wyatt ◽  
Jack R. Bennink ◽  
Vanessa M. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Virus Vectors

scholarly journals Transient Host Range Selection for Genetic Engineering of Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara

BioTechniques ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Staib ◽  
I. Drexler ◽  
M. Ohlmann ◽  
S. Wintersperger ◽  
V. Erfle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Range Selection

scholarly journals Notes on Transient Host Range Selection for Engineering Vaccinia Virus Strain MVA

BioTechniques ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Tscharke ◽  
Geoffrey L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Virus Strain ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Vaccinia Virus Strain ◽  
Range Selection

scholarly journals A Poxvirus Host Range Protein, CP77, Binds to a Cellular Protein, HMG20A, and Regulates Its Dissociation from the Vaccinia Virus Genome in CHO-K1 Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (15) ◽  
pp. 7714-7728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jye-Chian Hsiao ◽  
Chien-Chiang Chao ◽  
Ming-Jer Young ◽  
Yu-Tai Chang ◽  
Er-Chieh Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Deletion Mapping ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Range Function ◽  
Viral Host Range

ABSTRACT Vaccinia virus does not grow in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells in the absence of a viral host range factor, cowpox protein CP77. In this study, CP77 was fused to the C terminus of green fluorescence protein (GFP-CP77) and a series of nested deletion mutants of GFP-CP77 was constructed for insertion into a vaccinia virus host range mutant, VV-hr, and expressed from a viral early promoter. Deletion mapping analyses demonstrated that the N-terminal 352 amino acids of CP77 were sufficient to support vaccinia virus growth in CHO-K1 cells, whereas the C-terminal residues 353 to 668 were dispensable. In yeast two-hybrid analyses, CP77 bound to a cellular protein, HMG20A, and GST pulldown analyses showed that residues 1 to 234 of CP77 were sufficient for this interaction. After VV-hr virus infection of CHO-K1 cells, HMG20A was translocated from the nucleus to viral factories and bound to the viral genome via the HMG box region. In control VV-hr-infected CHO-K1 cells, binding of HMG20A to the viral genome persisted from 2 to 8 h postinfection (h p.i.); in contrast, when CP77 was expressed, the association of HMG20A with viral genome was transient, with little HMG20A remaining bound at 8 h p.i. This indicates that dissociation of HMG20A from viral factories correlates well with CP77 host range activity in CHO-K1 cells. Finally, in cells expressing a CP77 deletion protein (amino acids 277 to 668) or a ΔANK5 mutant that did not support vaccinia virus growth and did not contain the HMG20A binding site, HMG20A remained bound to viral DNA, demonstrating that the binding of CP77 to HMG20A is essential for its host range function. In summary, our data revealed that a novel cellular protein, HMG20A, the dissociation of which from viral DNA is regulated by CP77, providing the first cellular target regulated by viral host range CP77 protein.

scholarly journals Repair of a previously uncharacterized second host-range gene contributes to full replication of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) in human cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 3759-3767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Peng ◽  
Bernard Moss
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara ◽  
Core Proteins ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts ◽  
Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts

Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a widely used vaccine vector for expression of genes of unrelated pathogens, is safe, immunogenic, and can incorporate large amounts of added DNA. MVA was derived by extensively passaging the chorioallantois vaccinia virus Ankara (CVA) vaccine strain in chicken embryo fibroblasts during which numerous mutations and deletions occurred with loss of replicative ability in most mammalian cells. Restoration of the deleted C12L gene, encoding serine protease inhibitor 1, enhances replication of MVA in human MRC-5 cells but only slightly in other human cells. Here we show that repair of the inactivated C16L/B22R gene of MVA enhances replication in numerous human cell lines. This previously uncharacterized gene is present at both ends of the genome of many orthopoxviruses and is highly conserved in most, including smallpox and monkeypox viruses. The C16L/B22R gene is expressed early in infection from the second methionine of the previously annotated Copenhagen strain open reading frame (ORF) as a 17.4-kDa protein. The C16/B22 and C12 proteins together promote MVA replication in human cells to levels that are comparable to titers in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Both proteins enhance virion assembly, but C16/B22 increases proteolytic processing of core proteins in A549 cells consistent with higher infectious virus titers. Furthermore, human A549 cells expressing codon-optimized C16L/B22R and C12L genes support higher levels of MVA replication than cell lines expressing neither or either alone. Identification of the genes responsible for the host-range defect of MVA may allow more rational engineering of vaccines for efficacy, safety, and propagation.

scholarly journals An Update on the Known Host Range of the Brazilian Vaccinia Virus: An Outbreak in Buffalo Calves

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Teixeira Lima ◽  
Graziele Pereira Oliveira ◽  
José Augusto Bastos Afonso ◽  
Rodolfo José Cavancanti Souto ◽  
Carla Lopes de Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Buffalo Calves

Safety and immunogenicity of recombinant low-dosage HIV-1 A vaccine candidates vectored by plasmid pTHr DNA or modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) in humans in East Africa

Vaccine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 2788-2795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Jaoko ◽  
Frederick N. Nakwagala ◽  
Omu Anzala ◽  
Gloria Omosa Manyonyi ◽  
Josephine Birungi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Low Dosage
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