Construction of the Leaf Senescence Database and Functional Assessment of Senescence-Associated Genes

2016 ◽  
pp. 315-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghai Li ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Xiaochuan Liu ◽  
Zhiqiang Jiang ◽  
Jinying Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

scholarly journals Abiotic Stresses Intervene with ABA Signaling to Induce Destructive Metabolic Pathways Leading to Death: Premature Leaf Senescence in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asad ◽  
Shamsu Zakari ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Lujian Zhou ◽  
Yu Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Premature Leaf Senescence ◽  
Signaling Receptors ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

Abiotic stresses trigger premature leaf senescence by affecting some endogenous factors, which is an important limitation for plant growth and grain yield. Among these endogenous factors that regulate leaf senescence, abscisic acid (ABA) works as a link between the oxidase damage of cellular structure and signal molecules responding to abiotic stress during leaf senescence. Considering the importance of ABA, we collect the latest findings related to ABA biosynthesis, ABA signaling, and its inhibitory effect on chloroplast structure destruction, chlorophyll (Chl) degradation, and photosynthesis reduction. Post-translational changes in leaf senescence end with the exhaustion of nutrients, yellowing of leaves, and death of senescent tissues. In this article, we review the literature on the ABA-inducing leaf senescence mechanism in rice and Arabidopsis starting from ABA synthesis, transport, signaling receptors, and catabolism. We also predict the future outcomes of investigations related to other plants. Before changes in translation occur, ABA signaling that mediates the expression of NYC, bZIP, and WRKY transcription factors (TFs) has been investigated to explain the inducing effect on senescence-associated genes. Various factors related to calcium signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and protein degradation are elaborated, and research gaps and potential prospects are presented. Examples of gene mutation conferring the delay or induction of leaf senescence are also described, and they may be helpful in understanding the inhibitory effect of abiotic stresses and effective measures to tolerate, minimize, or resist their inducing effect on leaf senescence.

scholarly journals Large-scale identification of leaf senescence-associated genes

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimon Gepstein ◽  
Gazalah Sabehi ◽  
Marie-Jeanne Carp ◽  
Taleb Hajouj ◽  
Mizied Falah Orna Nesher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

scholarly journals Tomato fruit ripening factor NOR controls leaf senescence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemin Ma ◽  
Salma Balazadeh ◽  
Bernd Mueller-Roeber
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

AbstractNAC transcription factors (TFs) are important regulators of expressional reprogramming during plant development, stress responses and leaf senescence. NAC TFs also play important roles in fruit ripening. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), one of the best characterized NAC involved in fruit ripening is NON-RIPENING (NOR) and the non-ripening (nor) mutation has been widely used to extend fruit shelf life in elite varieties. Here, we show that NOR additionally controls leaf senescence. Expression of NOR increases with leaf age, and developmental as well as dark-induced senescence are delayed in the nor mutant, while overexpression of NOR promotes leaf senescence. Genes associated with chlorophyll degradation as well as senescence-associated genes (SAGs) show reduced and elevated expression, respectively, in nor mutants and NOR overexpressors. Overexpression of NOR also stimulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. In tomato, NOR supports senescence by directly and positively regulating the expression of several senescence-associated genes including, besides others, SlSAG15 and SlSAG113, SlSGR1 and SlYLS4. Finally, we find that another senescence control NAC TF, namely SlNAP2, acts upstream of NOR to regulate its expression. Our data support a model whereby NAC TFs have often been recruited by higher plants for both, the control of leaf senescence and fruit ripening.

scholarly journals Activation of the Transcription of BrGA20ox3 by a BrTCP21 Transcription Factor Is Associated with Gibberellin-Delayed Leaf Senescence in Chinese Flowering Cabbage during Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Xian-mei Xiao ◽  
Yan-mei Xu ◽  
Ze-xiang Zeng ◽  
Xiao-li Tan ◽  
Zong-li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Expression ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Transient Expression Assay ◽  
Catabolic Genes ◽  
Mobility Shift Assay ◽  
Psii Quantum Yield ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

Several lines of evidence have implicated the involvement of the phytohormone gibberellin (GA) in modulating leaf senescence in plants. However, upstream transcription factors (TFs) that regulate GA biosynthesis in association with GA-mediated leaf senescence remain elusive. In the current study, we report the possible involvement of a TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) TF BrTCP21 in GA-delayed leaf senescence in Chinese flowering cabbage. Exogenous GA3 treatment maintained a higher value of maximum PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and total chlorophyll content, accompanied by the repression of the expression of senescence-associated genes and chlorophyll catabolic genes, which led to the delay of leaf senescence. A class I member of TCP TFs BrTCP21, was further isolated and characterized. The transcript level of BrTCP21 was low in senescing leaves, and decreased following leaf senescence, while GA3 could keep a higher expression level of BrTCP21. BrTCP21 was further found to be a nuclear protein and exhibit trans-activation ability through transient-expression analysis in tobacco leaves. Intriguingly, the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and transient expression assay illustrated that BrTCP21 bound to the promoter region of a GA biosynthetic gene BrGA20ox3, and activated its transcription. Collectively, these observations reveal that BrTCP21 is associated with GA-delayed leaf senescence, at least partly through the activation of the GA biosynthetic pathway. These findings expand our knowledge on the transcriptional mechanism of GA-mediated leaf senescence.

Rice DNA-Binding One Zinc Finger 24 (OsDOF24) Delays Leaf Senescence in a Jasmonate-Mediated Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2065-2076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yejin Shim ◽  
Kiyoon Kang ◽  
Gynheung An ◽  
Nam-Chon Paek
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

Abstract Leaf senescence is the final stage of leaf development and in cereal crops, the timing of senescence relative to grain filling has major effects on agronomic traits such as yield. Although many genetic factors are involved in the regulation of leaf senescence in cereals, the key regulators remain to be determined. Plant transcription factors with a conserved DOF (DNA-binding one zinc finger) domain play roles in multiple physiological processes. Here, we show a novel function for OsDOF24 as a repressor of leaf senescence in rice (Oryza sativa). In wild-type leaves, OsDOF24 expression rapidly decreased during natural senescence (NS) and dark-induced senescence (DIS). The gain-of-function mutant osdof24-D, which contains an enhancer-trap T-DNA in the OsDOF24 promoter, exhibited delayed leaf yellowing during NS and DIS. Transgenic plants overexpressing OsDOF24 showed the same phenotype during DIS. Reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that senescence-associated genes (Osl85, Osl57 and OsNAP) and chlorophyll degradation genes (NYC1, NYC3 and SGR) were downregulated in the osdof24-D mutant during dark incubation. Among the phytohormones, only methyl jasmonate induced OsDOF24 expression. Furthermore, the reduced expression of jasmonate biosynthesis-related genes (OsLOX2, OsLOX8, OsHI-LOX, OsAOS1 and OsAOS2) in osdof24-D decreased endogenous jasmonate levels, resulting in delayed leaf senescence under DIS conditions. Yeast one-hybrid assays showed that OsDOF24 binds to the promoter region of OsAOS1. Taken together, our results demonstrate that OsDOF24 suppresses the induction of leaf senescence during vegetative growth by deactivating jasmonate biosynthetic pathways.

scholarly journals LSD 3.0: a comprehensive resource for the leaf senescence research community

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (D1) ◽  
pp. D1069-D1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghai Li ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Dong Zou ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Hou-Ling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Manual Curation ◽  
Great Utility ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Beijing Institute ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

Abstract The leaf senescence database (LSD) is a comprehensive resource of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) and their corresponding mutants. Through manual curation and extensive annotation, we updated the LSD to a new version LSD 3.0, which contains 5853 genes and 617 mutants from 68 species. To provide sustainable and reliable services for the plant research community, LSD 3.0 (https://bigd.big.ac.cn/lsd/) has been moved to and maintained by the National Genomics Data Center at Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the current release, we added some new features: (i) Transcriptome data of leaf senescence in poplar were integrated; (ii) Leaf senescence-associated transcriptome data information in Arabidopsis, rice and soybean were included; (iii) Senescence-differentially expressed small RNAs (Sen-smRNA) in Arabidopsis were identified; (iv) Interaction pairs between Sen-smRNAs and senescence-associated transcription factors (Sen-TF) were established; (v) Senescence phenotypes of 90 natural accessions (ecotypes) and 42 images of ecotypes in Arabidopsis were incorporated; (vi) Mutant seed information of SAGs in rice obtained from Kitbase was integrated; (vii) New options of search engines for ecotypes and transcriptome data were implemented. Together, the updated database bears great utility to continue to provide users with useful resources for studies of leaf senescence.

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