Introduction. It has been shown that some adipocytokines and their mutual
relationship can be indicators of fetal and neonatal growth. Physiological
role of leptin and adiponectin in fetal and neonatal growth is not well
established. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation
of the anthropometrics parameters and serum concentration of leptin and
adiponectin levels in healthy newborns. Methods. A cohort of 110 neonates,
born after uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at term, were classified as
AGA (n=60), SGA (n=30) and LGA (n=20) according to the Lubchenco curves.
Anthropometric parameters of the neonates: birth weight (BW), birth length
(BL), body weight/body length ratio (BW/ BL), Body Mass Index (BMI) and
Ponderal Index (PI) were recorded after birth. Results. Mean serum leptin and
adiponectin levels in both sexes were not significantly different (male:
1.85?0.75; 29.51?22.89 and female: 2.06?0.99; 31.60?23.51 ng/mL). There was a
significant difference between leptin levels in AGA and LGA newborns
(1.93?0.84 vs. 3.12?1.50 ng/mL) (p<0.05), and in adiponectin levels between
AGA and LGA compared to SGA newborns (32.8?23.29 and 43.40?31.24 vs.
12.67?2.43 ng/mL, respectivel; p<0.05; p<0.05). Leptin and adiponectin levels
were positively correlated with BW (r=0.63 and r=0.41), BL (r=0.63, r=0.42),
BW/BL (r=0.61, r=0.41), BMI (r=0.54, r=0.35), and PI (r=0.47, r=0.29,
(p<0.01). Conclusion. Significantly higher adiponectin levels were found in
AGA neonates compared to SGA neonates. Leptin and adiponectine levels were
positively correlated with birth weight. These findings suggest that these
adipocytokines may be involved in fetal growth regulation.
Gestational diabetes mellitus-associated changes in the breast milk metabolome alters the neonatal growth trajectory
