Molecular Methods for Studying the Cryphonectria parasitica – Hypovirus Experimental System

An ordered collection of expressed sequences from Cryphonectria parasitica and evidence of genomic microsynteny with Neurospora crassa and Magnaporthe grisea

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.26371-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 149 (9) ◽

pp. 2373-2384 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Angus L. Dawe ◽

Vanessa C. McMains ◽

Maria Panglao ◽

Shin Kasahara ◽

Baoshan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnaporthe Grisea ◽

Experimental System ◽

Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽

Genomic Region ◽

Wild Type Virus ◽

Global Changes ◽

Cdna Clones ◽

Sequence Information ◽

Protein Database ◽

Fungal Virulence

Cryphonectria parasitica, the causative agent of chestnut blight, has proven to be a tractable experimental system for studying fungal pathogenesis. Moreover, the development of infectious cDNA clones of C. parasitica hypoviruses, capable of attenuating fungal virulence, has provided the opportunity to examine molecular aspects of fungal plant pathogenesis in the context of biological control. In order to establish a genomic base for future studies of C. parasitica, the authors have analysed a collection of expressed sequences. A mixed cDNA library was prepared from RNA isolated from wild-type (virus-free) and hypovirus-infected C. parasitica strains. Plasmid DNA was recovered from individual transformants and sequenced from the 5′ end of the insert. Contig analysis of the collected sequences revealed that they represented approximately 2200 individual ORFs. An assessment of functional diversity present in this collection was achieved by using the blast software utilities and the NCBI protein database. Candidate genes were identified with significant potential relevance to C. parasitica growth, development, pathogenesis and vegetative incompatibility. Additional investigations of a 12·9 kbp genomic region revealed microsynteny between C. parasitica and both Neurospora crassa and Magnaporthe grisea, two closely related fungi. These data represent the largest collection of sequence information currently available for C. parasitica and are now forming the basis of further studies using microarray analyses to determine global changes in transcription that occur in response to hypovirus infection.

Download Full-text

Genome Sequence of the Chestnut Blight Fungus Cryphonectria parasitica EP155: A Fundamental Resource for an Archetypical Invasive Plant Pathogen

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-12-19-0478-a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 (6) ◽

pp. 1180-1188 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jo Anne Crouch ◽

Angus Dawe ◽

Andrea Aerts ◽

Kerrie Barry ◽

Alice C. L. Churchill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Pathogen ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Experimental System ◽

Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽

Chestnut Blight ◽

Simple Sequence Repeat Markers ◽

Chestnut Blight Fungus ◽

Telomere Sequence ◽

Incompatibility System ◽

Simple Sequence

Cryphonectria parasitica is the causal agent of chestnut blight, a fungal disease that almost entirely eliminated mature American chestnut from North America over a 50-year period. Here, we formally report the genome of C. parasitica EP155 using a Sanger shotgun sequencing approach. After finishing and integration with simple-sequence repeat markers, the assembly was 43.8 Mb in 26 scaffolds (L50 = 5; N50 = 4.0Mb). Eight chromosomes are predicted: five scaffolds have two telomeres and six scaffolds have one telomere sequence. In total, 11,609 gene models were predicted, of which 85% show similarities to other proteins. This genome resource has already increased the utility of a fundamental plant pathogen experimental system through new understanding of the fungal vegetative incompatibility system, with significant implications for enhancing mycovirus-based biological control.

Download Full-text

Detecting Random Responses in a Personality Scale Using IRT-Based Person-Fit Indices

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 126-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tour Liu ◽

Tian Lan ◽

Tao Xin

Keyword(s):

Experimental System ◽

Real Data ◽

Fit Indices ◽

Random Response ◽

Person Fit ◽

Index Method ◽

Single Person ◽

Person Fit Index ◽

Random Responses ◽

Response Behaviors

Abstract. Random response is a very common aberrant response behavior in personality tests and may negatively affect the reliability, validity, or other analytical aspects of psychological assessment. Typically, researchers use a single person-fit index to identify random responses. This study recommends a three-step person-fit analysis procedure. Unlike the typical single person-fit methods, the three-step procedure identifies both global misfit and local misfit individuals using different person-fit indices. This procedure was able to identify more local misfit individuals than single-index method, and a graphical method was used to visualize those particular items in which random response behaviors appear. This method may be useful to researchers in that it will provide them with more information about response behaviors, allowing better evaluation of scale administration and development of more plausible explanations. Real data were used in this study instead of simulation data. In order to create real random responses, an experimental test administration was designed. Four different random response samples were produced using this experimental system.

Download Full-text

Antifibrinolytic Action of the Anticoagulant Split Product of Fibrinogen

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1651231 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 19 (03/04) ◽

pp. 526-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. B Nanninga ◽

M. M Guest

Keyword(s):

Experimental System ◽

New Method ◽

System A ◽

Fibrinogenolytic Activity

SummaryThe purified anticoagulant split product of fibrinogen has antifibrinolytic and anti-fibrinogenolytic activity. This was investigated by lysis times of fibrin and by the rate of disappearance of fibrinogen in plasma and in a purified system. A new method was used to measure fibrinogenolytic activity. In the experimental system which we have used no indication of additional breakdown of the anticoagulant split product in the presence of fibrinolysin was obtained.

Download Full-text

An experimental system on heart resistance by split dose hyperthermia

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society ◽

10.3348/jkrs.1983.19.3.475 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

M H Yoo ◽

K J Lee ◽

C S Rhee

Keyword(s):

Experimental System ◽

Split Dose

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF TISSUE STEROID BINDING IN VITRO

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.068s223 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 68 (1_Suppl) ◽

pp. S223-S246 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. R. Wira ◽

H. Rochefort ◽

E. E. Baulieu

Keyword(s):

Protein Binding ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Experimental System ◽

Specific Protein ◽

Coupling Mechanism ◽

Target Tissue ◽

Protein Binding Sites ◽

Definition Of ◽

Hormone Specificity

ABSTRACT The definition of a RECEPTOR* in terms of a receptive site, an executive site and a coupling mechanism, is followed by a general consideration of four binding criteria, which include hormone specificity, tissue specificity, high affinity and saturation, essential for distinguishing between specific and nonspecific binding. Experimental approaches are proposed for choosing an experimental system (either organized or soluble) and detecting the presence of protein binding sites. Techniques are then presented for evaluating the specific protein binding sites (receptors) in terms of the four criteria. This is followed by a brief consideration of how receptors may be located in cells and characterized when extracted. Finally various examples of oestrogen, androgen, progestagen, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid binding to their respective target tissues are presented, to illustrate how researchers have identified specific corticoid and mineralocorticoid binding in their respective target tissue receptors.

Download Full-text