Police Policy Shifts After 9/11

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Police Policy ◽  
Policy Shifts

SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD THROUGH SKILL DEVELOPMENT AMONG RURAL YOUTH: ROLE OF MICRO-FINANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENTAL PARADIGM

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-173
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Societal Structure ◽  
Policy Shifts

This  article  attempts to  analyse  the  process  of  sustainable  livelihood  through skill development and its conceptual and theoretical understanding in India with reference to rural youth. In India skill development is demanded for economic growth and inclusive development; hence the rural population cannot be overlooked. Employable skills alone have not been able to generate sufficient employment among rural youth or address/promote well-being and sustainable livelihood. Various frameworks associated with skill development leave scope for reforms to strengthen the implementation of various policy shifts in respect of rural development and government/non-government organisations. The process of skill development for rural youth through the establishment of institutions, launch of policy/programmes and their linkages with micro-finance are considered, as the distinctive nature and features of micro-finance in relation to the forces of societal structure, social relationships, and social interactions leading towards collective interests and norms that shape the lives of rural youth. Lastly, analysis is done and conclusions drawn on the basis of discussion.

The Politics and Practices of Central Clearing in OTC Derivatives Markets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Otc Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Markets ◽  
Policy Shifts

This chapter focuses on the unintended consequences of the post-crisis mandate that over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives be cleared through centralized clearinghouses in an effort to reduce counterparty and systemic risk. Although central clearing has been widely implemented, it has reproduced many of the same characteristics of financial markets that contributed to the 2008 crisis: concentrated risk, moral hazard, and a reliance on faulty risk models. What accounts for the recalcitrance of the OTC derivatives market to a regulatory change? The chapter argues that focusing on the technologies and practices used to govern derivatives markets helps explain the absence of more radical regulatory policy shifts in derivatives regulation. Although there has been a significant shift in who regulates OTC markets, much less has changed at the level of the specific practices that govern these markets, and the chapter examines the continued reliance on netting, collateralization, and risk modeling within clearinghouses.

scholarly journals Prosociality in Majority Decisions: A Laboratory Experiment on the Robustness of the Uncovered Set

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jan Sauermann
Keyword(s):  
Majority Rule ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Social Choice Theory ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Uncovered Set ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Empirical Perspective ◽  
Committee Decision Making ◽  
Policy Shifts

Abstract Social choice theory demonstrates that majority rule is generically indeterminate. However, from an empirical perspective, large and arbitrary policy shifts are rare events in politics. The uncovered set (UCS) is the dominant preference-based explanation for the apparent empirical predictability of majority rule in multiple dimensions. Its underlying logic assumes that voters act strategically, considering the ultimate consequences of their actions. I argue that all empirical applications of the UCS rest on an incomplete behavioral model assuming purely egoistically motivated individuals. Beyond material self-interest, prosocial motivations offer an additional factor to explain the outcomes of majority rule. I test my claim in a series of committee decision-making experiments in which I systematically vary the fairness properties of the policy space while keeping the location of the UCS constant. The experimental results overwhelmingly support the prosociality explanation.

A Decade of UNGPs in India: Progressive Policy Shifts, Contested Implementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Vasanthi SRINIVASAN ◽  
Parvathy VENKATACHALAM
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Policy Shift ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Progressive Policy ◽  
Policy Shifts

Abstract The decade of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) coincides with India’s National Voluntary Guidelines on businesses’ social, environmental, and economic responsibilities (NVGs) and the National Guidelines on Responsible Business Conduct (NGRBC) – an updated version of the NVGs. Human rights are one of the core principles in both guidelines and they draw upon the ‘Protect–Respect–Remedy’ framework of the UNGPs. The NVGs and NGRBC go beyond the UNGPs by requiring organizations not only to respect human rights, but also to promote them in their spheres of influence. Several factors, however, derailed the implementation of this progressive policy shift. This article explores the challenges in implementation and calls for the multiple actors involved to work together and shape a collaborative action plan for effective implementation of the NGRBC in the next decade. The authors reiterate the need for alternative lenses to frame the responsible business agenda within developing countries through positive obligations.

scholarly journals When rebuilding no longer means recovery: the stress of staying put after Hurricane Sandy

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Koslov ◽  
Alexis Merdjanoff ◽  
Elana Sulakshana ◽  
Eric Klinenberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Flood Insurance ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Policy Shifts ◽  
Post Disaster

AbstractAfter a disaster, it is common to equate repopulation and rebuilding with recovery. Numerous studies link post-disaster relocation to adverse social, economic, and health outcomes. However, there is a need to reconsider these relationships in light of accelerating climate change and associated social and policy shifts in the USA, including the rising cost of flood insurance, the challenge of obtaining aid to rebuild, and growing interest in “managed retreat” from places at greatest risk. This article presents data from a survey of individuals who opted either to rebuild in place or relocate with the help of a voluntary home buyout after Hurricane Sandy. Findings show those who lived in buyout-eligible areas and relocated were significantly less likely to report worsened stress than those who rebuilt in place. This suggests access to a government-supported voluntary relocation option may, under certain circumstances, lessen the negative mental health consequences associated with disaster-related housing damage.

scholarly journals 91 Addressing urgency in grassroots organizations - If opportunity doesn’t knock, build a door of leadership

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 73-74
Author(s):  
Donald R Mulvaney
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Grassroots Organizations ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Outreach Effort ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Animal Sciences ◽  
Policy Shifts

Abstract Grassroots (GR) organizations that develop pipelines of pivotal leadership are better able to respond to the multiple challenges of the day. As public organizations, social media and biased-literature intensify advocacy for the reduction and constraint of animal agriculture (AA), it is clear AA is under concerted attack. Producers must not only learn to cope with changes in weather pattern intensification and droughts, depletion of resources, dramatic policy shifts and more, they must defend the activist narratives. The need for well-informed, competent GR leader communicators to advocate for the beef community has never been more urgent to the future of the beef industry. The Young Cattlemen Leadership Program (YCLP), a partnership between AU Animal Sciences and the Alabama Cattlemen’s Association, is an outreach effort focused on the delivery of an integrated, customized blueprint of content workshops, legislative sessions, industry tours, conferences and mentoring for catalyzed leadership development to meet the current and future needs of a highly diverse state constituency. Based on survey feedback and case analysis, YCLP, now in its seventh cohort, is proving the effectiveness of the collaborative learning design model contextualized around issue topics surrounding AA as alumni have assumed multiple roles of leadership in the organization.

Climate (Policy) Shifts

Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 309 (5740) ◽  
pp. 1473d-1473d
Author(s):  
E. Kintisch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Policy Shifts
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