Assessment of Industrial Effluent Pollution on Borkena River, Kombolcha, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Ali Damtew ◽  
Atikilt Abebe Ketema ◽  
Beshah Mogesse Behailu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluent

Revision of Industrial Effluent Regulations in Israel

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Weber ◽  
G. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The U.S

Industrial effluent regulations in Israel can be promulgated pursuant to four statutory sources. No clear boundaries delineating the scope of these laws exist, and some of them are neither environmental nor water laws per se. The resulting legal situation is one of confusion, duality and even contradiction both institutionally and substantively. A revision in the Israeli approach towards the regulation of industrial effluent is proposed, taking into consideration some elements of the U.S. Clean Water Act. Ideas are presented for setting up jurisdictional boundaries between the local and central government authorities to differentiate between organic loads and hazardous materials. In addition, the paper calls for criteria and discretionary limits on the setting up of permit conditions and enactment of regulations as well as the need for improvement of existing effluent criteria.

Biogenic synthesis of copper nanoparticles from rose (Rosa indica L.) and their applications in photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green and Carbol Fuchsin dyes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manmeet Kaur ◽  
Suman Prajapati ◽  
Samneek Cholia ◽  
Jaskeet Singh Mann ◽  
Gurpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Copper Nanoparticle ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Carbol Fuchsin ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
The Rose

Background: In the recent years, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has taken a lead role over the conventional chemical and physical approach due to its non-toxic, cost effective parameters and has found its place in various applications. Objectives: The major objectives of this study was to synthesise and characterize the copper nanoparticles using the rose extract at different set of conditions and analyse these nanoparticles as a source of dye degradation agent under sunlight conditions. Methods: Present study was conducted with the aim to synthesis the copper nanoparticle using the rose petal extract. The components present the in the extract act as the reduction and stabilization agents for the synthesis of CuNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-VIS, FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis. Photocatalytic degradation of two dyes (Malachite Green and Carbol fuchsin) was analysed using double beam spectroscopic analysis Results: UV-Vis analysis indicated the presence of a peak at around 630 nm. The FT-IR analysis indicated the involvement of various biomolecules during the synthesis of nanoparticles. The structure and the conformation was elucidated using XRD and SEM showed the agglomerated form of the synthesized nanoparticles with the size range of about 60-90 nm. The synthesised copper nanoparticles was used for degradation of malachite green and carbol fuchsin dye using photocatalytic under sunlight irradiation. UV-Vis spectral analysis indicated that synthesised copper nanoparticle act more effective in degradation of malachite green (around 95%) whereas carbol fuchsin showed a maximum degradation by 52% therefore suggesting that CuNPs act as an efficient photo catalyst in dye degradation. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study indicates that rose extract has the potential of synthesis of copper nanoparticles which is non-toxic and convenient approach as compared to physical and chemical synthesis. These nanoparticles can be effectively employed as dye decolourization agents to treat industrial effluent and prevent the environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Effective Chromium Adsorption From Aqueous Solutions and Tannery Wastewater Using Bimetallic Fe/Cu Nanoparticles: Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117862212110281
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Mahmoud ◽  
Nouran Y. Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed K. Mostafa ◽  
Mohamed S. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Cr Removal

Tannery industrial effluent is one of the most difficult wastewater types since it contains a huge concentration of organic, oil, and chrome (Cr). This study successfully prepared and applied bimetallic Fe/Cu nanoparticles (Fe/Cu NPs) for chrome removal. In the beginning, the Fe/Cu NPs was equilibrated by pure aqueous chrome solution at different operating conditions (lab scale), then the nanomaterial was applied in semi full scale. The operating conditions indicated that Fe/Cu NPs was able to adsorb 68% and 33% of Cr for initial concentrations of 1 and 9 mg/L, respectively. The removal occurred at pH 3 using 0.6 g/L Fe/Cu dose, stirring rate 200 r/min, contact time 20 min, and constant temperature 20 ± 2ºC. Adsorption isotherm proved that the Khan model is the most appropriate model for Cr removal using Fe/Cu NPs with the minimum error sum of 0.199. According to khan, the maximum uptakes was 20.5 mg/g Cr. Kinetic results proved that Pseudo Second Order mechanism with the least possible error of 0.098 indicated that the adsorption mechanism is chemisorption. Response surface methodology (RSM) equation was developed with a significant p-value = 0 to label the relations between Cr removal and different experimental parameters. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were performed with a structure of 5-4-1 and the achieved results indicated that the effect of the dose is the most dominated variable for Cr removal. Application of Fe/Cu NPs in real tannery wastewater showed its ability to degrade and disinfect organic and biological contaminants in addition to chrome adsorption. The reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), Cr, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and oil reached 61.5%, 49.5%, 44.8%, 100%, 38.9%, 96.3%, 88.7%, and 29.4%, respectively.

Decontamination and toxicity removal of an industrial effluent containing pesticides via multistage treatment: Coagulation-flocculation-settling and photo-Fenton process

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 674-683
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Gomes Júnior ◽  
Maria Gabriela B. Santos ◽  
Arlene B.S. Nossol ◽  
Maria Clara V.M. Starling ◽  
Alam G. Trovó
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Fenton Process

scholarly journals Cobalt removal from an industrial effluent by foam fractionation

2021 ◽  
pp. 100135
Author(s):  
Shohre Tabibi ◽  
Mohsen Moussavi ◽  
Hadi Adlo
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Foam Fractionation ◽  
Cobalt Removal

scholarly journals Microbacterium sp. MRS-1, a potential bacterium for cobalt reduction and synthesis of less/non-toxic cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathyavathi Sundararaju ◽  
Manjula Arumugam ◽  
Prakash Bhuyar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Resistant Bacterium ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cobalt Metal ◽  
Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistant

Abstract Background Detoxification of heavy metal pollutants in wastewater has become a serious problem to surrounding environment. This research was conducted to utilize a potential heavy metal-resistant bacterium for the remediation of cobalt metal and simultaneous synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles in the form of powder for various industrial applications. Metal oxide nanoparticles have great applications in electrochemical devices such as supercapacitors, biosensors, and batteries. Method A heavy metal-resistant bacterium Microbacterium sp. MRS-1 isolated from electroplating industrial effluent reduced cobalt ions from an initial concentration of 200 mg/L to 26 mg/L were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Instrumental analysis of bacterially synthesized Co3O4 has been characterized. Cytotoxicity of synthesized nanoparticles was assessed by MTT assay. Results Microbacterium sp. MRS-1 isolated from electroplating industrial effluent was found to be suitable for cobalt oxide nanoparticles as it showed tolerance towards high concentration of metal. The nutrient broth containing metal solution and Microbacterium sp. MRS-1 showed color change from light pink to dark pink indicated the formation of extracellular nanoparticles. It also converted soluble cobalt salts into less soluble cobalt oxide nanoparticles outside the cell which allows easy recovery of nanoparticles without the destruction of cells and simultaneous detoxification of toxic metal ions. Electron microscopic imaging verified that nanoparticles were predominantly surrounding the bacterial cells and SEM imaging revealed that the produced particles were in the range of 10–100 nm in size. XRD spectrum exhibited 2θ values were corresponding to cubic face-centered cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles. Conclusion The present study investigated new prospective for eco-friendly detoxification of toxic heavy metal Co from metal-polluted sites and the production of cobalt oxide nanoparticles in powder form for clinical and other industrial applications.

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