Vaccination Strategies for the Control and Treatment of HPV Infection and HPV-Associated Cancer

A two-sex model of human papillomavirus infection: Vaccination strategies and a case study

10.1101/2021.12.19.21268067 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shasha Gao ◽

Maia Martcheva ◽

Hongyu Miao ◽

Libin Rong

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Basic Reproduction Number ◽

Reproduction Number ◽

Vaccination Strategy ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Fixed Amount ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Vaccination Strategies ◽

The Basic Reproduction Number

Vaccination is effective in preventing human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It still remains debatable whether males should be included in a vaccination program and unclear how to allocate the vaccine in genders to achieve the maximum benefits. In this paper, we use a two-sex model to assess HPV vaccination strategies and use the data from Guangxi Province in China as a case study. Both mathematical analysis and numerical simulations show that the basic reproduction number, an important indicator of the transmission potential of the infection, achieves its minimum when the priority of vaccination is given to the gender with a smaller recruit rate. Given a fixed amount of vaccine, splitting the vaccine evenly usually leads to a larger basic reproduction number and a higher prevalence of infection. Vaccination becomes less effective in reducing the infection once the vaccine amount exceeds the smaller recruit rate of the two genders. In the case study, we estimate the basic reproduction number is 1.0333 for HPV 16/18 in people aged 15-55. The minimal bivalent HPV vaccine needed for the disease prevalence to be below 0.05% is 24050 per year, which should be given to females. However, with this vaccination strategy it would require a very long time and a large amount of vaccine to achieve the goal. In contrast with allocating the same vaccine amount every year, we find that a variable vaccination strategy with more vaccine given in the beginning followed by less vaccine in later years can save time and total vaccine amount. The variable vaccination strategy illustrated in this study can help to better distribute the vaccine to reduce the HPV prevalence. Although this work is for HPV infection and the case study is for a province in China, the model, analysis and conclusions may be applicable to other sexually transmitted diseases in other regions or countries.

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A combined ultrastructural and gene molecular research for the relationship between human uterine cervical carcinoma and human papillomavirus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010015856x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 204-205

Author(s):

Kun Lee ◽

Jingyi Si ◽

Ricai Han ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Bingbing Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Dot Blot ◽

Homologous Sequences ◽

Normal Cervical Epithelium ◽

The Relationship ◽

Chronic Cervicitis

There are more supports for the view that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection might be an etiological factor in the development of cervical cancer when the association of persistent condylomata is considered. Biopsies from 318 cases with squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix, 48 with cervical and vulvar condylomata, 14 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 34 with chronic cervicitis and 24 normal cervical epithelium were collected from 5 geographic regions of China with different cervical cancer mortalities. All specimens were prepared for Dot blot, Southern blot and in situ DNA-DNA hybridizations by using HPV-11, 16, 18 DNA labelled with 32P and 3H as probes to detect viral homologous sequences in samples. Among them, 32 cases with cervical cancer, 27 with condyloma and 10 normal cervical epitheliums were randomly chosen for comparative EM observation. The results showed that: 1), 192 out of 318 (60.4%) cases of cervical cancer were positive for HPV-16 DNA probe (Table I)

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