scholarly journals Is there a Role for Adjuvant Targeted and Immunotherapies in Patients with Locoregionally-Advanced Head and Neck Cancer?

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Advanced Head ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Adjuvant Therapies ◽  
Metastatic Relapse ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
First Time

AbstractDespite significant technical improvements in the management of patients with locoregionally-advanced head and neck cancers, too many patients fail to achieve durable remissions that ultimately translate into cures. Loco-regional recurrence and/or metastatic relapse after intensive local therapies remain the scourge of those who suffer from this disease, and the surgeons and physicians who treat them. Regrettably, until now, we have failed to develop effective adjuvant therapies that can be delivered after the completion of definitive loco-regional treatment in order to reduce the risk of disease relapse. In this chapter, approaches based on cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapies directed against c-erbB/HER receptors and immune checkpoint inhibition will be discussed. Neither cytotoxic chemotherapy nor anti-HER-family targeted therapies have proven to be successful as adjuvant therapies for locoregionally-advanced head and neck cancers, but there is significant hope that anti-PD1/anti-PD-L1-targeted antibody therapies may deliver progress in this area for the first time.

scholarly journals Phytodentistry in Africa: prospects for head and neck cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry A. Adeola ◽  
Saheed Sabiu ◽  
Raphael T. Aruleba ◽  
Tayo A. Adekiya ◽  
Anthonio O. Adefuye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Dental Diseases

Abstract Background Orthodox dentistry has undergone significant changes in recent times with the introduction of various omics and molecular targeted therapies both at the experimental/trial and clinical implementation level. Although, significant milestones have been achieved in the molecular dentistry field in the past decade, there remains a dearth of application of phytopharmacological innovation in personalized and targeted therapies for dental diseases. Main body From time immemorial, plant products have long been an integral aspect of dental practice ranging from chewing sticks/herbal kinds of toothpaste to dental/impression materials. The current era of precision medicine seeks to apply a multipronged molecular and bio-computational approaches to solve fundamental medical problems that have hitherto remained difficult. Remarkable changes in the molecular/omics era, have transformed empirical therapies into personalized/individualized ones. Furthermore, the combinatorial application and the widespread introduction of high-throughput molecular tools such as pharmacogenomics, phytopharmacology, metabolomics, mathematical modelling, and genetic engineering inter alia, has tremendously improved the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of medicine. Additionally, the variable molecular epidemiology of diseases among different population and emerging molecular evidence warrants the use of customized novel theranostic techniques. Unfortunately, the footprint of such emerging application is sparse in dental diseases such as maxillofacial cancers. Conclusion Hence, this review seeks to evaluate the potential application of phytopharmacological approaches to head and neck cancers in a resource-limited environment, such as Africa.

The Expression of Glutaminases and their Association with Clinicopathological Parameters in the Head and Neck Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haneen A . Basheer ◽  
Lina Elsalem ◽  
Anwar Salem ◽  
Artysha Tailor ◽  
Keith Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Glutamine Metabolism ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Enzyme Isoforms ◽  
Cd147 Expression ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
First Time

Background: The increased glutamine metabolism is a characteristic feature of cancer cells. The interconversion between glutamine and glutamate is catalyzed by two glutaminase isoforms, GLS1 and GLS2, which appear to have different roles in different types of cancer. We investigated for the first time the protein expression of GLS1 and GLS2, and their correlation with advanced clinicopathological parameters in head and neck cancers. Method: Consecutive slides from a tissue microarray comprised of 80 samples ranging from normal to metastatic, were stained immunohistochemically for GLS1, GLS2, HIF-1α or CD147. Following analysis by two expert pathologists we carried out statistical analysis of the scores. Results: GLS1 and GLS2 are upregulated at protein level in head and neck tumours compared to normal tissues and this increased expression correlated positively (GLS1) and negatively (GLS2) with tumor grade, indicating a shift of expression between GLS enzyme isoforms based on tumor differentiation. Increased expression of GLS1 was associated with high CD147 expression; and elevated GLS2 expression was associated with both high CD147 and high HIF-1α expressions. The correlation of the GLS1 and GLS2 with HIF-1α or CD147 was strongly associated with more advanced clinicopathological parameters. Conclusion: The increased expression of GLS1 and GLS2 may be explored as a new treatment for head and neck cancers.

Phase II evaluation of 4ʼ-(9-acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidine (AMSA) in patients with advanced head and neck cancers

1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vorachai Ratanatharathorn ◽  
Anibal Drelichman ◽  
Maria Sexon-Porte ◽  
Muhyi Al-Sarraf
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Advanced Head

scholarly journals Postoperative Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Vedang Murthy ◽  
Sayan Kundu ◽  
Tanweer Shahid ◽  
Ashwini Budrukkar ◽  
Tejpal Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Advanced Head ◽  
Locoregional Failure

Abstract Though early stage head and neck cancers can be cured either by surgery or radiation, patients with locally advanced disease continues to pose a therapeutic challenge. Locoregional failure is the major cause of death in head and neck cancers. As the outcome of locally advanced head and neck cancer is less than promising, a combined modality approach is generally undertaken in this group of patients. The combination of surgery, radiation and more recently, chemotherapy and targeted therapy can improve outcomes in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients. This overview discusses the rationale and role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in advanced head and neck cancers, the radiotherapy technique in brief and methods of enhancing the efficacy of postoperative RT by altering the fractionation schedules and adding chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

Neoadjuvant metronomic chemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancers – feasibility study

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. S106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sultania ◽  
S.V.S. Deo ◽  
N.K. Shukla ◽  
A. Sharma ◽  
R.K. Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Metronomic Chemotherapy ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Advanced Head

scholarly journals Comparison of sequential chemoradiation with radiation alone in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancers

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Sapna Manocha ◽  
Virender Suhag ◽  
B. S. Sunita ◽  
H. S. Hooda ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Advanced Head
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